Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Access granted  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Vol 8, No 3 (2015)

Articles

Contrast sensitivity in patients with monofocal and multifocal pseudophakia at spherical defocus of different degrees

Takhtaev Y.V., Bogachuk E.G.

Abstract

In the present article, authors evaluate the influence of spherical defocus on contrast sensitivity level in patients with monofocal vs bifocal pseudophakia. The study included 27 patients (30 eyes) after cataract surgery, in whom contrast sensitivity in the setting of different illumination conditions at spherical defocus of different degree and sign was tested. To measure contrast sensitivity Optec® 6500 was used. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare results between groups. It was established that illumination level and defocus degree exert different influence on contrast sensitivity in patients with monofocal and bifocal pseudophakia.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):5-12
pages 5-12 views

Choroidal thickness changes in age-related macular degeneration different forms and stages

Belekhova S.G., Astakhov Y.S.

Abstract

Choroidal thickness measurement results of 124 patients (210 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) obtained by enhanced depth imaging of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) are presented. There were no significant differences in choroidal thickness between patients with dry and wet AMD forms and healthy people of the same age group (р = 0.67; р = 0.26). A statistically significant choroidal thinning in patients with late AMD stages as compared to each of healthy people and dry and wet AMD patients was found (р < 0.0001).
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):13-19
pages 13-19 views

Ahmed valve implantation results in neovascular glaucoma patients: Evaluation of short-term and remote

Pavlova O.G., Nikolaenko V.P.

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate Ahmed valve implantation results in neovascular glaucoma patients. Methods: standard implantation method was used in 87 patients aged 57-86 years. Check-up examinations were performed in 1 week, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 36 months after surgery. Results: during short-term post-op period (one month after surgery), intraocular pressure normalized in 48 patients. During remote post-op period (6-36 months after surgery), intraocular pressure normalization was achieved in 69 patients (79.2 %), among them in 62 patients (71.2 %) - against the background of IOP-lowering treatment. The main complication was a hemorrhage from anterior chamber angle and iris new vessels that was found in 37 patients (42.5 %), in a quarter of cases it required hyphema washout. In three patients, sustained hypotony developed, in one case it brought to globe sub-atrophy. In two of observed patients, enucleation was performed because of pain syndrome rebound. Conclusions: In 79.2 % neovascular glaucoma patients, the valve implantation led to IOP normalization, while in 71.2 % of cases it required a return to IOP-lowering therapy.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):20-23
pages 20-23 views

Evaluation criteria of the severity degree of sympathetic uveitis course depending on clinical evidence

Levanova O.G., Popova L.I., Chuprov A.D.

Abstract

The prognosis of development and outcomes of sympathetic ophthalmia depend on many factors including adequate treatment and period of treatment. Absence of treatment or inadequate treatment result in vision loss and disability. 9 cases of sympathetic uveitis after penetrating eyeball trauma were analyzed for the 12-year period. Evaluation criteria of sympathetic ophthalmia severity according to periods of the disease course are suggested. This allowed systematizing and classifying treatment approaches.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):24-27
pages 24-27 views

The role of matrix metalloproteinases in glaucoma pathogenesis

Beletskaya I.S., Astakhov S.Y.

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases belong to an enzyme family, which assure a proteolysis of practically all components of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues in normal and pathological conditions. At physiological conditions, there are evidences on the impact of this enzyme group in the embryogenesis, morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue involution. The activity impairment of matrix metalloproteinases and of their specific inhibitors leads to the biosynthesis misbalance and to the degradation of extracellular matrix components; it plays a role in the development of such diseases as diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and arteriosclerosis. Laboratory tests and clinical investigation results confirm the role of these enzymes in tissue remodeling of different eyeball structures in glaucoma (in particular, of the trabecular meshwork and the optic disc); it leads to intraocular fluid outflow impairment and to the glaucomatous optic neuropathy development. In the review, the analysis of clinical and experimental studies is performed that are dedicated to the investigation of matrix metalloproteinases role in the pathogenesis of different glaucoma types, of the possibility to use them as biomarkers, as well as therapeutic action targets in this disease.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):28-43
pages 28-43 views

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the post-operative treatment of ophthalmic patients

Astakhov S.Y., Gobedzhishvili M.V.

Abstract

Purpose: to analyze the efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) after cataract extraction. To determine the NSAID’s role in post-operative inflammatory processes treatment. Results: the rationale of NSAIDs use before and after cataract surgery was validated. The NSAIDs efficacy in terms of post-op inflammation reduction was confirmed. Among NSAIDs benefits, the convenient and easy-to-use instillation regimen of Bromfenac 0.09% eye drops solution was highlighted.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):45-48
pages 45-48 views

IOP-lowering therapy evaluation using 24-hour IOP monitoring

Astakhov Y.S., Sokolov V.O., Morozova N.V., Novikov D.P., Morozov M.A.

Abstract

When choosing a medication, a doctor has to be sure in its efficacy and safety for the patient. The conduct of multiple post-registration studies on different aspects of medications’ use is aimed at helping the clinician to correctly evaluate the therapeutic potential of proposed medications. The aim of present study is to evaluate the IOP-lowering efficacy and tolerability of Glauprost, Duoprost, Dorzopt Plus in POAG patients according to 24-hour IOP monitoring data by circadian rhythms measured with Icare one tonometer. The IOP monitoring by circadian rhythms allowed obtaining considerably more data for IOP-lowering efficacy evaluation in comparison with single IOP measurement using Maklakov tonometer. This increases the IOP-lowering efficacy evaluation accuracy.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):51-55
pages 51-55 views

Сlinical criteria of rational travoprost prescribing in primary open-angle glaucoma

Balalin S.V., Fokin V.P.

Abstract

The results of the use of travoprost in the treatment of 186 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (224 eyes). The results confirmed the practical value of medical tests with travoprost and tolerant definition of pressure to select patients on the medication. In order to achieve the stabilization of visual functions needed to fluctuations in intraocular pressure against the background of medical treatment did not exceed the tolerance pressure.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):57-63
pages 57-63 views

Neuroprotection in the adjunctive treatment of early POAG stages

Skorobogatov Y.V., Morozov M.A., Florentseva S.S., Sokolov V.O., Morozova N.V., Astakhov Y.S.

Abstract

In the article, authors have shown the possibility of the adjunctive treatment of POAG stages 1 and 2 by neuroprotectors of “direct and indirect” action. The data of studies carried on in the Saint-Petersburg Diagnostic Centre #7 from 2005 - to evaluate the efficacy of cytomedine and Ginkgo biloba preparation (EGb 761) - were used. Clinical monitoring of the patients under treatment was based both on objective estimation by instrumental methods: electrophysiology, morphometry, and vascular ones, and on subjective estimation of visual function preservation. Following results were obtained: on the background of adjunctive neuroprotective therapy an improvement of the visual analyzer functional status at theneuron level I, II and III, as well as an increased tolerance of the optic nerve to the increased IOP. Based on the performed study, following conclusions may be drawn: the neuroprotective therapy is a promising perspective of glaucomatous optic neuropathy treatment.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):65-70
pages 65-70 views

The immunotherapy role in ocular hypertension management

Bakunina N.A., Kolesnikova L.N.

Abstract

Objective. To study the immunotherapy role in preventing edematous exophthalmos (EE). Matherials and methods. 19 patients with EE were examined: 8 people (16 eyes) with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) on the stage of preparation for surgery or for radioactive iodine therapy, 4 people (8 eyes) with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), and 7 people (14 eyes) with both AIT and DTG. In all patients, a dry eye syndrome and highly active form of systemic disease were found. In the first group, to prevent edematous exophthalmos decompensation, a standard glucocorticosteroid (GC) pulse therapy during 3 days was performed; in the second group, intravenous (i/v) GC therapy during 2 days and i/v pentoxyfilline therapy; and in the third group, intravenous (i/v) GC therapy during 2 days, i/v pentoxyfilline therapy, and Restasis instillations. In all groups, a background treatment of thyroid disease was carried out. Results. Restasis therapy in edematous exophthalmos (EE) promoted not only dry eye signs leveling, but, in combination with cytokine blocker pentoxyfilline, lead to IOP and exophthalmos decrease, thus contributing to an amelioration of the optic nerve condition. Individualized approach to EE treatment consists in prevention of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and of other complications by 6 months Restasis therapy. Dry eye in endocrine ophthalmopathy (EO) will probably attract attention of endocrinologists and ophthalmologists as an early syndrome of individual predisposition to the development of complication cascade related to endocrine ophthalmopathy (EO)/ Conclusion. The proposed combined treatment appeared to be effective in influencing IOP decrease, dry eye syndrome signs and exophthalmos leveling, and acting on the optic neuropathy course.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):72-81
pages 72-81 views

Safety and efficacy of “Azidrop” eye drops in treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in newborn children

Gusarevich O.G., Alexandrova S.E.

Abstract

Purpose: Investigation of safety and therapeutical efficacy of “Azidrop” eye drops in treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in children aged from 0 months to 1 year. Methods: 50 newborn children in the aged from 0 months to 1 year with conjunctival injection and mucopurulent discharge from both eyes were examined. Patients received Azidrop instillations - 1 drop bid during 3 days. In all children, at the initial examination and after 10 days post-treatment (the treatment success rate control) samples for bacteriological culture were taken from the conjunctiva. The sensitivity to ophthalmic antibiotics was established by disc diffusion test. Besides, to exclude chlamydial infection, conjunctival scrapings were performed to reveal the chlamydial antigen by immunofluorescence method. The ophthalmic examination was done at Day 1 and Day 3 as well as during the test of the treatment success rate. Patients were observed as outpatient care. The estimation of the drug efficacy based on the eye biomicroscopy data, the clinical picture, and the subjective estimation results at questioning the patients’ parents. Results: Bacterial culturing revealed that St. aureus (38.3%) was found in the conjunctival cavity most often, followed by St. saprophyticus (26.3%), St. epidermidis (16.4%), Acinetobacter (10.9%), and mixed infection (8.1%). The data analysis revealed a high level of resistance to fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin 35.8 and 30.1%, correspondingly). The lowest resistance was revealed to azithromycin and levofloxacin. A chlamydial infection was not confirmed in any case. The medication was well tolerated; the therapeutic effect was reached at the 3rd day of treatment. Conclusion: Taking into consideration high efficacy and good tolerability of Azidrop eye drops, the drug can be recommended to be widely used in neonatal ophthalmic practice in children from 0 months old.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):83-85
pages 83-85 views

Ocular sarcoidosis

Ustinova E.I.

Abstract

The data of national and foreign literature review and personal observations data analysis in patients with ocular sarcoidosis are presented. The emphasis is made on clinical signs and evaluation of the eyeball inner layers involvement: iridocyclitis and chorioretinitis. Main systemic and ophthalmic symptoms of the disease are described. Sarcoidosis epidemiology and etiology are also covered. Main traditional and modern therapeutical approaches in sarcoidosis including peculiarities of ocular sarcoidosis treatment are discussed in detail. International sarcoidosis treatment guidelines as well as treatment results and outcomes are presented.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):86-94
pages 86-94 views

Phacoemulsification in patient with central cloudy corneal dystrophy (of Francois)

Tkachenko N.V., Astakhov S.Y., Harsha A.A.

Abstract

Central cloudy corneal dystrophy of Francois is relatively rare for clinical practice. It may cause difficulties in diagnosis of this condition and complicate the decision-making on timely surgical treatment of concomitant cataract in elderly patients. In the meantime, phacoemulsification in such patients is safe and does not lead to dystrophy progression.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):95-98
pages 95-98 views

The organization of specialized ophthalmic care during the Great Patriotic War (to the 70th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War End)

Kulikov A.N., Kirillov Y.A., Reituzov V.A.

Abstract

The article describes the organization of ophthalmic care to wounded patients during the Great Patriotic War at various evacuation phases. The amount of surgeries performed in army and front-line hospitals is shown. The introduction into practice of military ophthalmologists of cornea suturing in perforating eyeball wounds, of intraocular foreign body (IOFB) X-ray localization, and of the diascleral IOFB removal method.
Ophthalmology Reports. 2015;8(3):99-108
pages 99-108 views


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies