Vol 7, No 1 (2021)

This paper deals with analyzing and modelling performances of a long-haul air route network operating as the queuing network. The network consists of the routes/tracks with flight levels serving aircraft/flights as the “service channels”. The main network performances are the “ultimate” and “practical” capacity of “service channels”, the aircraft/flight demand, delays before entering and total time of aircraft/flights spending in the network, and the related generalized costs including those of airlines, air passengers, policy makers and society. The analytical models of the particular network performances and three routing or assignment models/procedures for matching the aircraft/flight demand to capacity are developed and applied to the long-haul air route network in the North Atlantic airspace between Europe and North America.

The results have indicated that. the network capacity has been strongly dependent on the number of routes/tracks and flight levels, i.e., “service channels” and their “ultimate” and/or “practical” capacity. The “ultimate” capacity has been mainly influenced by the ATC (Air Traffic Control) separation rules applied between aircraft/flights operating in the same directions. The “practical” capacity has been strongly influenced by the “ultimate” capacity and the average delays imposed on aircraft/flights before entering the network. The rather superior and close to optimal model/procedure for matching demand to capacity has been routing or assignment of the aircraft/flights demand in proportion to the “ultimate” or “practical” capacity of particular “service channels” minimizing the total generalized costs of the actors/stakeholders involved.

Various additional mathematical aspects related to solving the problem of optimal information quantization in the sense of filling are considered, such as control of quantum elements, accounting for errors of quantum elements, determining the amount of information during quantization, and determining the numerical values of fractals of distributions represented as a sequential fractal distribution. The purpose of the article is to consider additional questions based on a specific "heavy" probability distribution – the normal distribution. The considered questions are made in order to facilitate the solution of applied problems for researchers dealing with the problem of information quantization.

When reliability requirements at the stage of developing complex technical systems are setting, the total number of individual and complex reliability indicators set in accordance with regulatory documents is within 5-7 units. This is done provided that they are recoverable, and also for them the requirements for durability and preservation are determined. All this determines the complexity of the procedure for their verification, confirmation and evaluation.

 Aim: Formation of a common (integral) indicator of reliability, which can characterize the basic reliability properties multitude of traction electrical equipment, as a complex technical system, subject to the compliance of individual indicators with the requirements specified in the terms of reference.

Methods: It is proposed to use of T. Saati's hierarchy analysis method, which is widely used in solving various multicriteria problems.

Conclusion: Using an integral indicator to determine the level of reliability allows getting a formalized result, expressed through the vectors of global priorities corresponding value, which makes it possible to get a quantitative assessment of the superiority for one of alternative traction electrical equipment.

Background: As part of student research at St. Petersburg architectural-construction University continues to develop alternative proposals for the creation of a circumferential highway at the boundaries of communication areas of St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. The article presents the results of research works on optimization of routing highways, according to the architectural layout of buildings, transport hubs, to study the effects the pre-tension of the puffs and the guys at the reduction of efforts and deformations of the main elements of the highway, the calculations of the designs of the most high and loaded sea area. The construction of the 8-high-speed transport highway was upgraded due to restrictions related to the reconstruction of Levashovo and Pulkovo airports, the transfer of the capital of the Leningrad region to Gatchina, and linking to the promising metro stations Strelna, Yanino and Kudrovo. The upgraded scheme of the highway is proposed in the form of an open polygon with transport and interchange nodes in the corners and is based on load-bearing trestle structures of arched-cable design that provide the necessary functionality, reliability and safety.

Aim: development of a district high-speed transport system on the borders of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, based on the widespread use of electric transport, with passenger traffic comparable to the metro line.

Materials and Methods: trestle structures are designed for combinations of operating loads, forces and impacts, including consideration of dynamic aspects and non-linearity, using the "SCAD Office" software package.  

Results: based on the results of variant design, an arch-cable-stayed version with spans of 180 m and 360 m was adopted as a supporting structure according to the metal consumption criterion, which became the basic one for building a highway of overpass design. From an approximate calculation, it follows that the cost of building a highway on land plots (two-track scheme) compared to the construction of the metro, it is expected to be 5-6 times lower, and on the sea sections – 3-4 times lower due to high pylons and deep pile foundations.  

Conclusion: the estimated volume of passenger traffic per day for the two-track high-speed and two-track high-speed highways will be 208 thousand passengers, and 76 million passengers per year, which is quite comparable to this indicator for the metro line.  

Background: It is proposed to use maglev transport as the basis for the development of the transport system of urban agglomerations. Its operation requires a special high-speed infrastructure, new rolling stock. The project for the construction and operation of the maglev transport line (MLT) St. Petersburg – Sertolovo has an extremely long-term nature, significantly affects the development of urban high-speed transport, and therefore its implementation is possible only within the framework of strategic management of the development of urban transport systems.

Aim: Commissioning of maglev transport lines in places of concentration of growing passenger traffic, which will help to reduce travel time, meet freight needs, improve the quality and increase travel safety when driving on dedicated lanes.

Method: The article has developed proposals for the tariff policy on the maglev transport lines. Also, a forecast of passenger traffic on the MLT line was given, taking into account the recommended tariffs for collecting tolls, and the potential income of the project on the MLT line was determined.

Results: The purpose of the introduction of this MLT line is to improve transport services and reduce the time spent on trips for the population of the city of Sertolovo by providing high-speed communications, improving the technical level of rolling stock and MLT stops, which significantly affects the comfort of passenger movement.