Vol 25, No 2 (2023)

The incidence of mental disorders is increasing, including addiction diseases. HIV infections and tuberculosis are also common in this group of patients. Such combination of diseases creates difficulties for effective tuberculosis treatment and influence on its prevalence. Purpose of the study: to estimate the effectiveness of treatment of respiratory tuberculosis patients with psychiatric disorders, to study the incidence of adverse reactions when using antituberculosis drugs in this group of patients. The study was based on a retrospective cohort study of 390 patients with combined pathology - respiratory tuberculosis and mental disorders. All patients received antituberculosis drugs in a psychiatric hospital. Therapy efficacy depended on the quality of nursing staff, their careful observation of drugs intake and timely registration of adverse reactions (ADRs). An individualized approach to the treatment of TBI in patients with mental disorders, in which the nursing staff actively participates, makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of therapy, timely identify NDAs and stop them.

In elderly patients with dementia, chronic pain syndrome is often observed, which can be manifested by behavioral disorders, aggression, agitation and other mental disorders. The presence of pain in them is often ignored, underestimated and poorly diagnosed, especially in severe and severe dementia with speech disorders (aphasia). Therefore, it is treated incorrectly, which reduces the quality of life of patients and their daily activities. Two scales are given for assessing pain by nurses in patients with speech disorders (severe dementia). Approaches to the treatment of pain in elderly people with dementia are discussed.

Although hospital visits are a necessary aspect of a healthy lifestyle, many people experience anxiety fear when they visit the dentist as well. This may be due to distressing experiences from a past visit, fear of pain or discomfort. As a result, many people avoid going to the dentist even if they have dental or jaw health problems.

Dental phobia is a serious psychological problem that can lead to avoidance of necessary medical procedures, as a consequence not only the health of the teeth and gums will suffer, but also intensify psychological disorders associated with depression and low self-confidence.

The article is devoted to the results of the study of emotional burnout syndrome formation in future bachelors in the process of training. The research was conducted in two stages, in 2021 and 2022. The phases of emotional burnout, integral burnout index, factors and symptoms of burnout syndrome development in the 1st, 3rd and 4th year students were studied in the course of the study.

A review of information on the most common psychosomatic disorders in hospice nurses was conducted. The most pronounced manifestations are fatigue, weak concentration of attention and internal anxiety, anger and irritability, increased anxiety, aggression. Various preventive measures are highlighted, including emotional and psychological support of medical personnel, compliance with general recommendations on maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Methods of drug correction of stressful conditions with the use of magnesium preparations and sedative phytopreparations, such as Nervo-vit, are proposed.

The data of a comparative study of emotional burnout and the symptom of aggressiveness in medical personnel working in oncological, narcological clinics and general somatic clinics are presented. The differences in the manifestation of burnout and aggressiveness among doctors and nursing staff are analyzed. In the oncology clinic, the indicators of emotional burnout and aggressiveness of the staff are least manifested in comparison with the staff of the narcological and general somatic clinics as a whole; there are no significant differences between nurses and doctors. The highest rates of emotional burnout and aggressiveness are observed in the staff of the general somatic clinic.

Work in quarantine conditions, or in the so-called “contagious” zone, is characterized by high psycho-emotional stress - the leading factor in the development of negative mental states. The solution of problems related to the development of medical and psychological support for medical personnel involved in providing care to patients with a new coronavirus infection in hospital conditions is due to the need to prevent the formation of mental states in them, leading to a decrease in the effectiveness of professional activities and, ultimately, to functional disorders and diseases. A number of preventive and preventive measures to monitor the psychological status of medical personnel, as well as to prevent the development of psychodesadaptation disorders in the delayed period, have been developed at the Burnazyan State Medical Research Center of the FMBA of Russia.

Objective of the study. To analyze the literature data on the significance of anxiety-depressive disorders in assessing the severity of CHD patients with AF.

Materials and methods. The authors analyzed 4 domestic and 11 foreign publications describing the role of anxiety-depressive disorders in the assessment of severity of patients with AF.

Results. Prevalence and persistence of depression and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation as well as their influence on quality of life have been analyzed in the literature. Approximately one third of these patients have elevated levels of depression and anxiety.

Conclusion. Thus, according to the literature, AF is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. However, few studies concerning depression and anxiety in patients with AF have been conducted. It is possible to conclude, that question of associations of psychological stress, anxiety and depression with risk of occurrence of AF and its complications needs further studying.