Vol 338, No 8 (2017)

A comparative analysis of the «traditional» nutrition system in health resort organizations and the food system as a «buffet» is presented. When examining 452 patients in health resort for both food systems, there was no significant dynamics of objective indicators. Improvement of subjective evaluation criteria on SF-36, SUN scales, reduction of gastroenterological syndrome severity on the GSRS scale in a sanatorium where the «buffet» food system is applied has been established.

The results of treatment of 565 patients (362 men and 203 women) with one- and two-sided coxarthrosis of the III stage of various etiology were studied, with which total hip arthroplasty was performed in the period 2009-2016. In 175 patients, coxarthrosis was combined with chronic lumbargia in the background of degenerative-dystrophic spine disease and was manifested by carbon-vertebral syndrome. Recommendations for surgical treatment of patients with carbon-vertebral syndrome in military medical organizations have been developed. The proposed system of diagnosis and selection of rational tactics for surgical treatment of patients with a combination of degenerative-dystrophic hip and spinal pathology allows to optimize the organization of treatment of patients of this profile, to achieve improvement of the anatomical and functional results achieved.

The article presents the results of the study of individual and average parameters of variability of functional response of saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen during the classical hypoxic test, as well as options of hands’ temperature reconstructions and heart rate variability in military higher school students. The study was performed before and after trainings with breathing in a closed space without carbon dioxide absorption (rerespiration). It is determined that trainings with rerespiration increase cold resistance by influencing on body’s temperature and its aftersensations last out up to 3 weeks. This is accompanied by the correction of heart rate regulation due to the shift of regulatory influences of autonomic nervous system towards normotonic reactions. Picture of thermal structure of hand during local cold exposure after trainings with rerespiration indicates the absence of vasoconstriction effects, which are clearly manifested during decreasing of an averaged hand’s temperature. Conducted researches have shown that trainings with breathing in a closed space without carbon dioxide absorption in patients with initial vagonormotonic type of autonomic nervous regulation do not practically affect the heart rate variability during local cold exposures, but rerespiration promotes significant increasing of body’s temperature. Using trainings with rerespiration can be an effective method to increase not only the cold, but also the hypoxic-hypercapnic human’s resistance that can serve as the basis for the preparation and selection of special troops for operations in extreme environmental conditions, including the Arctic regions.

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is of particular relevance in determining the fitness for flight work. According to author’s long-term observations, the most common causes of it are military congenital anomalies of the aortic valve (AK), its age-related degenerative changes and systemic arterial hypertension. A large group of experienced flight specialists with a small AP without morphological changes of the AK annually is at risk of professional disqualification. In order to unify the clinical and expert approaches, three clinical variants are distinguished during the survey of the flight crew with AR: trace regurgitation on tricuspid AK, with asymptomatic flow and absence of morphological changes in the valve; Trace or insignificant AR on bivalvia, as well as insignificant AR on tricuspid AK, with asymptomatic flow and absence of morphological changes in the valve; moderate or more severe AR, as well as a minor AR, combined with one or more disorders (changes in the morphology of the valve, myocardial hypertrophy of the left ventricle, dilatation and / or dysfunction of the heart chambers, dilatation of the root or tubular part of the ascending aorta, significant cardiac arrhythmias Or conduction, pulmonary hypertension, negative dynamics of echocardiographic indicators, etc.).

The article presents the results of testing of blood donors in military units for the presence of markers of HBV-infection and assess the prevalence of occult forms. 746 serum samples obtained from blood donors during the period 2013-2015 were tested. The proportion of those rejected from the donation due to detection of HBsAg, were 0,54%, which corresponds to the average Russian indicators. The following hepatitis B markers among HBsAg- negative blood donors were identified: anti-HBc + anti-HBs at 7,6%; «isolated» anti-HBc - in 6,3% of cases. The presence of HBV DNA in the absence of HBsAg was determined to be 0,26% cases, which may indicate occult form of infection. The obtained data confirm the necessity of implementation of molecular biological methods for blood service to improve the level of infectious safety in the use of donors’ blood components.

The report on the meeting of the chief phthisiatricians, chief state sanitary doctors, chief radiologists and chief therapists of military districts (fleets) of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which was held on April 10-12, 2017 in Pushkino, Moscow Region, was presented. The purpose of the meeting was to analyze the anti-tuberculosis work in the Armed Forces and methods for improving its preventive focus, discussing the possibility of improving the recording of tuberculosis incidence in the Armed Forces and reporting documentation, identifying a set of measures for the prevention and timely detection of persons with TB and HIV in the Armed Forces.