Vol 72, No 3 (2023)

Objective of the study. A literature review in which scientists have studied the antioxidant, anti-aging effects of selenium, possibility of preventive maintenance of the microelement deficiency with the help of selenium containing preparations for lowering risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Material and methods. A review of 36 publications by Russian and foreign researchers was carried out. The authors studied the antioxidant, anti-aging effect of selenium and the possibility to prevent selenium deficiency by additional use of selenium-containing drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Results. Selenium is one of the irreplaceable trace elements. It is necessary for normal vital activity of humans. Selenium deficiency is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, immune system dysfunction, mental deficiency and death. The optimal daily intake of selenium for adult men and women is 70 and 55 µg, respectively. Foods of plant and animal origin are the main source of selenium for humans. If dietary intake of selenium is insufficient, the dietary intake ingestion of selenium with foodstuffs it is recommended to take biological supplements with this microelement.

Conclusions. Thus, selenium has antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Maintaining optimal selenium concentrations in the body through the addition of selenium-enriched food and/or dietary supplements and/or supplements with this trace element could be one of the ways to reduce the risk of developing and prevent CVD. In patients with low serum levels of selenium, supplementation with SELENBIO for Russian company "Parafarm" is recommended to use SELENBIO for patients with low serum selenium levels.

Introduction. Medicinal preparations, containing chlorophyllipt, have been successfully used in medicine as antibacterial agents in therapy of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system. We have developed vaginal suppositories with chlorophyllipt which combine ease of use with dosing accuracy and intended for the treatment of diseases of the cervix caused by gram-positive pathogenic microflora.

Objective: to develop the methods of physico-chemical analysis and standardization of vaginal suppositories containing chlorophyllipt and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity.

Material and methods. The objects of the study were experimental series of vaginal suppositories with chlorophyllipt. The determination of the amount of phenolic aldehydes in suppositories was carried out by direct UV spectrophotometry. The validation of the methodology was carried out using eucalimine-standard, a sample of the chlorophyllipt substance and model mixtures of the drug in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) 14th edition. The antimicrobial activity of the suppositories was determined on the test strains Bacillus cereus ATCC 10702 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P by the method of serial dilutions.

Results and discussion. Vaginal suppositories have been developed containing propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 1500 as auxiliary components. The average weight is 3.0239 g, the deviation from the average weight is from -3.72% to +1.08%, which corresponds to the allowable interval. A method for the quantitative determination of the amount of phenolic aldehydes in suppositories in terms of eucalimine has been developed and validated. The norms of their content in one suppository are determined – from 90 to 110 mg.

Conclusion. The developed method for determining the amount of phenolic aldehydes in vaginal suppositories with chlorophyllipt is characterized by ease of execution, rapidity, reproducibility, meets validation criteria and can be used for standardization and quality control at all stages of industrial production. Vaginal suppositories with chlorophyllipt have bacteriostatic properties against gram-positive microorganisms.

Introduction. The object of study is Eleutherococcus senticosus, which is a pharmacologically valuable source of phenolic compounds. Natural phenolic compounds attract the attention of specialists as biologically active substances, mainly with antioxidant and antitumor effects.

Objective. Determination of the content and variability index of phenolic compounds in the underground organs of Eleutherococcus.

Material and methods. The material of the study was the rhizomes and roots of Eleutherococcus harvested in the Amur Region, the Jewish Autonomous Region, as well as in the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories in the period 2019–2021. The content of oxidizable substances was determined by the titrimetric method, phenolic compounds – by the spectrophotometric method. The content of individual substances was investigated using HPLC and GC-MS.

Results. According to the results of the study, the average content of oxidizable substances was 2.44%, phenolic compounds – 1.47%, with the relevant coefficients of variation 18% and 41%. The average content of eleutherosides B and E respectively was 0.20% and 0.21%, chlorogenic acid – 0.18%, caffeic acid – 0.03%. The average content of isofraxidin, protocatechuic, ferulic, feruloylquinic acids and sinapyl alcohol in the underground organs of Eleutherococcus ranged from 1.84 to 11.40 mg/100g. The coefficients of variation for individual substances ranged from 41 to 90%.

Conclusion. It has been established that the content of phenolic compounds in Eleutherococcus samples is characterized by significant fluctuations. The coefficients of variation in the content of individual substances were generally significantly higher than similar indicators for the total oxidizable and phenolic compounds. Correlation analysis revealed the presence of certain relationships in the content of phenolic substances in the underground organs of Eleutherococcus. The closest relationship was found between the amount of sinapyl alcohol and ferulic acid (r=0.9).

Introduction. The article presents the results of a biopharmaceutical study of tablets prepared from topinambur tubers, the selection varieties “Sarvat” and “Interes”, introduced in the regions of Gissar and Rasht.

Objective: to develop the composition and technology for obtaining tablets from dry topinambur extract obtained from the tubers of the “Sarvat” and “Interes” varieties grown in the conditions of the Gissar and Rasht regions, the choice of optimal excipients, to evaluate the quality and stability of the dosage form.

Material and methods. The quality of the dry extract of topinambur tubers was assessed in accordance with the requirements was assessed in accordance with the requirements of GPM.1.4.1.0021.15 (SP XIII). The content of heavy metals is not more than 0.01%. Microbiological purity, determined by the method described in the SP XIII corresponds to category 3.2.

Results. When developing the composition of the granulate with a dry extract of topinambur for the varieties “Sarvat” and “Interes” introduced in the regions of Gissar and Rasht, the same composition and amount were used as excipients: lactose, the adsorbent montmorillonite was introduced into the composition of the granulated mixture in the amount of 1.0%. Colloidal silicon dioxide was used as a carrier and moisture-removing agent, a binding agent was a 2% solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 40% ethanol, and a sliding component was 1.0% talc. All of the listed excipients are moisture activators, provide flow properties in the absence of dust formation, and are widely used in granulation.

Conclusion. The cultivation of topinambur in the conditions of land-poor mountainous Tajikistan meets all the main criteria for raw materials for obtaining medicines. It is shown that in the conditions of the agro-landscape of the Gisar and Rasht valleys of Tajikistan, when growing topinambur, one can obtain a high yield with a well-preserved content of active substances, in particular polysaccharides. The technology of a tablet from a dry extract of topinambur has been developed depending on the selection varieties “Sarvat” and “Interes” in different conditions of the agricultural landscape.

Introduction. At present, it has become clear that in almost all human diseases, both infectious and non-infectious nature, there are changes in the functioning of the immune system.

Based on the foregoing, it is concluded that it is necessary to develop and study immunomodulatory agents, especially immunomodulatory agents of plant origin, since immunotropic agents of plant origin act gently and practically do not cause disruptions in the immune system associated with autoimmune and autoreactive processes.

Objective: was a screening study of various immunomodulatory medicinal collections (MC).

Material and methods. The study of the immunomodulatory activity of various MCs was carried out on the model of prednisolone immunosuppression. It is known that prednisolone, like any glucocorticosteroid, has an immunosuppressive effect, and therefore is widely used in medicine to reduce immunity.

The object of the study were five different MCs in the form of a phytocollection.

Results. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the MC – Hypericum perforatum (herb) – 3,0 g, Glycyrrhiza glabra (roots) – 3,0 g, Arctium lappa (roots) – 3,0 g, Taraxacum officinale (roots) – 3,0 g, Quercus robur (bark)– 3,0 g, Juglans regia (leaves) – 3,0 g, Urtica dioica (leaves) – 2,0 g, Melissa officinalis (herb) – 1,0 g, Chamomilla officinalis (flowers) – 1,0 g, Salvia officinalis (leaves) – 1,0 g has the highest immunomodulatory activity and is promising for studies as an immunomodulatory agent.

Conclusion. From the five different MCs, the most promising phytocombination with promising immunomodulatory activity was determined.

Introduction. The transition of Russian pharmacy to a system of continuous medical and pharmaceutical education marked the beginning of a new start in the development of distance learning forms of profile education. One of the most urgent directions of development of continuous pharmaceutical education is the formation of methods of personalization of training. To ensure the targeting of educational services, the principle of a targeted training is formulated, which takes into account both the professional needs of the specialist and the needs of health care.

Objective. Formation of a technique for individualization of training in the specialty of Pharmacy, which provides the ability to automate the targeting of training using the Portal of Continuing Medical and Pharmaceutical Education in the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. Regulatory analysis, content analysis, empirical methods – questionnaire survey, testing, formative experiment, methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical data.

Results. A questionnaire was made up in order to individualize specialists, thematic areas have been developed in accordance with the job functions, a chart of thematic areas was formed, the principle of approach to the selection of the most relevant topics in the specialty 33.05.01 Pharmacy was developed. The distribution of significance levels of the most relevant topics for specialists were formed based on the following criteria: the type of organizational structure in which professional activity in this specialty is performed; the level of compliance of the employee's qualifications with the position held; length of service; the level of retraining and (or) advanced training of the specialist.

Conclusion. In the process of forming the methods of the individualization of training in the specialty 33.05.01 Pharmacy, the principles of grouping specialists based on the characteristics of their activities were formed. A chart of the thematic areas of the specialty has been developed.