卷 73, 编号 7 (2024)

Introduction. Linden flowers are pharmacopeial medicinal plant raw material (MPRM), containing polysaccharides. Nowadays, according to the current regulatory documentation, the assessment of the content of biologically active substances (BAS) is carried out only for flavonoids. To improve the standardization of linden flowers, the development and validation of the spectrophotometric procedure of polysaccharides determination with anthrone reagent is proposed to be relevant.

Objective: To develop and validate a procedure for the quantitative determination of polysaccharides in linden flowers.

Material and methods. In the development and validation of the procedure we used the method of differential spectrophotometry based on the complexation reaction of linden hydrolysate sugars with an anthrone reagent. The resulting complex has an absorption maximum of 625±2 nm, the reference standard (RS) of glucose was used as a comparison solution. The influence of extraction conditions on the yield of polysaccharides from raw materials was studied: the size of raw material particles, the ratio of raw material and extractant, the duration of extraction, as well as the selection of optimal conditions for the complexation reaction. Validation of the procedure was carried out according to the indicators: specificity, linearity and representativeness, trueness, repeatability, intermediate precision (reproducibility).

Results. The optimal parameters of polysaccharides extraction from raw material were determined (three-stage extraction with distilled water on a water bath, the ratio “raw material – extractant” – 1:30 for 30 minutes, the size of raw material particles – 2,0 mm). The conditions of complex formation reaction were selected (ratio “extract – complexing agent” – 1:2, complexing agent is anthrone reagent, appearance of stable coloring of the solution in 25 minutes). During the validation of the developed procedure, it was found that the validation characteristics are within the criteria of acceptability. In the analysis of linden flowers, it was found that the content of reducing sugars in the polysaccharide composition was 1,9–3,1%.

Conclusion. Optimal parameters of polysaccharide extraction from raw materials were determined, conditions of complex formation reaction were selected, and the procedure validation was carried out. The total content of reducing sugars in the polysaccharide composition in terms of absolutely dry raw material in linden flowers using differential spectrophotometry was determined.

Introduction. Artemisia austriaca Jacq. is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, popular in folk medicine due to its various biological activities, in particular: wound-healing, anticonvulsant, analgesic, antipyretic and others. In addition, this plant is in the same section as the pharmacopoeial species – wormwood bitter. In the dynamically developing pharmaceutical field, one of the aspects of expanding the base of medicinal plants as sources of phytopreparations is the study of wild plants close to officinal species. One of the initial stages on the way to the development of regulatory documentation for medicinal plant raw materials is the identification of their authenticity criteria that allow reliable identification.

Objective: Study of anatomical-diagnostic features of Artemisia austriaca Jacq. of the Saratov region.

Material and methods. The objects of the study were samples of Artemisia austriaca Jacq. herbs harvested in 2021 in the Saratov region. The study of the structure of A. austriaca herbs was performed according to the instructions of GPA.1.5.3.0003 "Microscopic and microchemical analysis of medicinal plant raw materials and drugs of plant origin" in the 15^th edition of the Russian Federation’s State Pharmacopoeia.

Results. The anatomical-histological study of stem, petiole, inflorescence of Artemisia austriaca growing on the territory of Saratov region has been carried out. As a result of the work the markers, luminescent characteristics of tissues, which help to authenticate the raw materials of this taxon, were revealed and clearly presented.

Conclusion. The results obtained provide the possibility to identify the mentioned raw material, as an individual, and in addition, in a complex multicomponent phytocomposition.

Introduction. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are of interest to modern pharmaceutical technology as alternative extractants to traditional organic solvents. The prospects for their use are due to low toxicity, biodegradability, the possibility of selective extraction of individual substances and regeneration of the extractant.

The purpose of the study is to develop and optimize a technology for ultrasonic extraction of phenolic acids from the Moldovan dragonhead using DES, and to study the antioxidant activity of the resulting extracts.

Results. 11 DES compositions with different molar ratios of components were obtained; the optimal composition one was selected based on choline and lactic acid in a molar ratio of 1:3. The dependence of the extraction of phenolic compounds on the composition of DES, the influence of water content in the composition of DES on the process of extraction of phenolic compounds have been studied. Data were obtained on the antioxidant activity of the Moldavian snakehead extract obtained using DES.

Conclusion. A method has been developed for the extraction of phenolic acids from the Moldavian snakehead with deep eutectic solvents. The extraction efficiency of the DES-3 mixture based on choline chloride and lactic acid in a molar ratio of 1:3 has been proven. The content of phenolic compounds in terms of rosmarinic acid was 7.72±0.12%, which is 0.23% more than when using 50% ethyl alcohol as an extractant. Using cyclic voltammetry, it was established that the antioxidant activity of extracts obtained using DES is due to the content of rosmarinic acid.

Introduction. Economic barriers, uneven territorial distribution of pharmacy organizations, and insufficient efficiency of drugs supply chains hinder the accessibility of drugs and the timely receipt of pharmaceutical care (PC) by patients worldwide. The digital transformation in healthcare, accelerated by the COVID-19 crisis, necessitates the adaptation of PC practices to meet modern patient needs.

Objective of the study. To develop and validate a procedure for the interaction between a clinic and a pharmacy to facilitate data exchange through an interface, enabling the pharmacy to receive data for forming an assortment of drugs adapted to the characteristics and behavioral trends of the main target audience.

Material and methods. The study utilized anonymized data on drugs prescriptions by physicians from the medical information system of a network of medical organizations in Moscow for the period from January 2018 to December 2023. Data preprocessing was conducted, followed by the training of a machine learning model using the LightGBM algorithm. The predictive performance of the model was assessed using MAE and RMSE metrics.

Results. An analytical interface for the interaction between the clinic and the pharmacy was developed, incorporating a predictive model for forming the drugs assortment. The model effectively accounts for seasonal trends, patient demographic characteristics, and other key factors influencing drugs demand. The average MAE and RMSE values were 1.27 and 1.68, respectively, indicating high model accuracy.

Conclusion. Implementing the developed interface allows the pharmacy to form drugs assortment tailored to the real needs of patients, contributing to optimized inventory management, reduced risk of shortages and overstocking, enhanced accessibility of PC for children, and increased economic efficiency of the pharmacy. The integration of big data technologies and machine learning opens new prospects for the personalization of medical and pharmaceutical care.

Introduction. Antibacterial resistance of nosocomial infectious agents is a serious problem. It makes a choice of therapy complicated and worsens the prognosis of the disease significantly.

Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study was the pharmacoepidemiological analysis of antibacterial use as a treatment for infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens.

Material and methods. A retrospective study of medical records was conducted for hospitalized patients at the S.S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital in 2019–2021. Antibacterial therapy in hospital settings against pathogens of the ESKAPE group was analyzed and the resistance of the detected pathogens was determined.

Results. 226 confirmed clinical cases of infection were analyzed. Results of 1422 microbiological studies were studied to determine the resistance of the detected pathogens. The structure of 562 prescriptions of drugs of the group J01 “Antibacterial drugs for systemic use” was studied. In 2020 the total volume of consumption of systemic antibacterials amounted for 85594 DDD. The DU-90% segment by the number of DDDs made up five drugs – meropenem, polymyxin B, tigecycline, amikacin and ampicillin/sulbactam. The intensity of drug consumption was also expressed in DDD/100 bed days. The most prescribed empirically systemic antibiotics for infections treatment have become the group of β-lactam drugs in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems. Tigecycline, polymyxin B and carbapenems are the main drugs for targeted treatment of nosocomial infections at the multidisciplinary hospital of the S.S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital.