Vol XXXII, No 3-4 (2000)

Results of psychologic examination of 61 patient with multiple sclerosis diagnosed by Poser criteria are described. In most part of patients an increased level of both egocentric and reactive anxiety in comparison with findings of control group of healthy subjects and group of patients with some other neurologic pathology is with certainty determined. It is found that multiple sclerosis in patients with intense egocentric (congenital) anxiety is taking more malignant course. It is concluded that conducting psychologic testing of multiple sclerosis patients on the early stage for probable assessment of the further course of the disease and working out of more individual tactics of treatment is expedient.

The results of treatment of 13 patients with reliably determined multiple sclerosis considering biological backlink are described. A combined method of psychoemotional correction developed by “Biosvyaz” company (EEG-BOS) was used. Control group included 15 multiple sclerosis patients getting just the same basic therapy as in the main group, but without BOS. On completion of the course of 13 sessions there was determined a significant and reliable increase of lowered alpha-activity, the increased beta-activity in the majority of patients of the main group being lowered. In control group these changes were not so significant and unreliable. Along with these findings in patients getting EEG-BOS the average level of reactive anxiety lowered by 30%, and in patients of control group — only by 15%. It is suggested to use this method for correction of psychoemotional disturbances in multiple sclerosis patients.

Prevalence of vegetative disfunction was studied in group of users of video display unit (VDU) (144 subjects) and in control group (71 subject). The main and control groups were similar in sex and age of subjects. Among video display unit users risk of vegetative disorders was 2,20 (range of the error — 1,12 — 4,30). Hyperthermic and asthenic syndromes, migraine pain and vegetative crises were the most frequent manifestations of vegetative disorders. It was found that the risk of development of vegetative disorders in the group of video display unit users depended on sex, presence of dorsopathy and allergic states, individual character and natural vegetative tonus.

Efficiency of phototherapy (10 sessions each lasting 30 minutes in the morning hours, light intensity — 3300 lux) in 40 children with psychovegetative disorders, clinically represented by cephalalgic syndrome of different types is evaluated. Clinical symptoms, mood, vegetative status, level of thyroid hormones, hydrocortisone, prolactin in the blood, and excretion of catecholamines with diurnal urea are analyzed. After the course of phototherapy in 92,5% of children positive changes in psychovegetative and neuroendocrine spheres were found. The most pronounced positive effect of phototherapy is found in the group of children with chronic exercise-induced headache. Optimizing modulating influence of phototherapy on the content of stress-realizing hormones in child’s body, on vegetative homeostasis, increasing adaptability of body are determined. Use of phototherapy for correction of psychovegetative disorders in children is reasoned.

A comparative analysis of results of examination of patients with chronic brain vascular insufficiency and findings on reference group was carried out. The significance of age-related and vascular risk factors in development of changes in external and internal liquoroconductive spaces is stated. It is noted that insignificant and moderate dilatation of subarachnoid spaces and ventricular systems mainly indicate natural involutional processes. Heterogeneity of anterior and posterior regions involvement of subarachnoid spaces in brain aging are revealed. Influence of “silent” ischemic insults on the state of ventricular system is mentioned.

120 patients with motor disorders (pareses and paralyses) caused by acute disturbance of brain circulation were examined. Clinical examination, computered analysis of motor potential, spectrum of cardiac rhythm variability before and after treatment, psychologic testing were carried out. After 15 sessions of therapeutic loading suit usage in 71,9% of patients a stable clinical effect (P<0,05) was achieved. Patients began to walk without assistance, they were able to serve themselves, their speech improved. It is stated that the results of patients’ rehabilitation using the chosen method are influenced not only by initial clinical features of pyramidal defect, but also by laterality of injury and safety of the most homeostatically significant baroreflex vasomotor mechanisms and cerebral mechanisms of motion preparation in combination with minimal evidence of emotional and affective disorders.

Diabetic neuropathies (DN) are among the most frequent and serious complications of diabetes [5–7, 9]. The detection rate of DN in diabetic patients varies greatly depending on their type, selected clinical and instrumental diagnostic criteria and, according to various researchers, ranges from 10 to 90% [16, 33]. At the same time, 1/3 of the polyneuropathies recognized in the neurological clinic are diabetic. In about 10% of cases, neuropathic symptoms are key in the diagnosis of diabetes [25]. DN has not only severe subjective manifestations and pronounced impairments that are objectively detected in them, but also leads to the development of diabetic foot syndrome - the cause of 50 - 70% of cases of all non-traumatic amputations of the legs [3]. In addition, in patients with diabetic visceral autonomic neuropathy, the syndrome of "sudden death" is much more common, and the frequency of painless myocardial infarctions and ischemic strokes is high. Clinical variants of DN are often the main causes of reduced quality of life, disability and disability in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is extremely important to diagnose the early stage of DN, when it is easier to achieve a therapeutic effect through the earliest and most stable provision of optimal control of an adequate level of glycemia and the appointment of means of pathogenetic therapy. Isolation of forms of DN, their diagnosis, treatment and prevention is an urgent clinical task.

Vegetative pathology was detected in 72.5% of children in Moscow. According to WHO criteria, these children are at risk of developing psychosomatic diseases in the adult period.

The existence of a probable relationship between such independent diseases as epilepsy and migraine is supported by the results of a number of independent studies, but the possible mechanisms of this relationship have not yet been fully determined.

More than 800 thousand myocardial revascularization operations are performed annually in the world. Among the most common complications of such operations are neurological disorders, including encephalopathy and stroke. Data on the incidence of these complications are given in the materials of many observational studies, although the exact magnitude of the risk is still unknown.

Ischemic stroke usually occurs in the morning before noon; according to the latest data, - most often between 10 and 12 hours. Individuals who snore every night or nearly every night (habitual snoring) have been found to be more at risk of ischemic stroke than those who snore intermittently. Habitual snoring is a common manifestation of obstructive sleep apnea, often associated with being overweight.

The aim of the work was to assess the validity of clinical recommendations for the prevention of the first stroke. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyzes were conducted in which the effectiveness of exposure to 6 risk factors for the development of first stroke was assessed: arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease (including correction of lipid levels in the blood), atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, asymptomatic stenosis of carotid arteries, lifestyle.