Том 2, № 3 (2005)

In XVII century, due to the works of G.Aselio, J.Pecquet, O.Rudbeck, Th.Bartholinus, the concept of the lymphatic system as a distinctive duct system was developed. Considerable pole was played by the works of N.Stenon and F.Ruyseh, who discovered valves in the lymph vessels. Especially great progress in the study of anatomical lymphatic system was reached in XVIII century, due to the research of P.Mascagni. Firstly, the link between the lymph vessels with the serous membrane was established. It was shown that all lymph vessels intermit at the lymph nodes, described in the pathology of lymph vessels. Mascagnis classical monographs, devoted to this problem, 2 of them are kept in the library of the Volgograd State Medical University and Saint-Petersburg: Anatomia universale descrittiva (Firenze 1839) and Vasorum Lymphaticorum corporis humani historia et ichnographia (Siena 1787). Analysis of these works from the modern point of view contributes first of all to the national lymphology: Functional conditionality of anatomical structure in the researches by G.M. Jossifov and colleagues (D.A.Zhdanov, V.N. Nadezhdin and others), the study of the morphology of lymphatic organs from the view point of its connection to the organism of the immune system (М.R.Sapin and his colleagues), experimental research of the lymph outflow and its correlation with the venous outflow in normal and pathological condition (Yu.I.Borodin and colleagues); and even from the standpoint of comparative anatomical research of the lymphatic system and its embryological development (A.V. Borisov and V.M.Petrenko and colleagues).

The role of lymph from different organs in development of some pathological processes as burn, burn- trauma, ulcer of stomach, periodontitis, and evaluantion of lymphatic transport during intestinal anastomoses rehabilitation was studied in experimental models on pathophysiology department. The organ's lymph disturbabces play the main rile in pathogenesis of pathological processes was shown.

The present study was designed to examine the role of ammonia-monochloramine system in gastic mucosal injury. Mucosal application of ammonia in sub erosive concentration (100 mM) leads to insignificant lesions in unanesthetized rat stomach. Mucosal exposure to ammonia (100 mM) plus acute ischemia by bleeding from the carotid artery followed monochloramine synthesis caused severe hemorrhagic gastric lesions. These results suggest that monochloramine damages the gastric mucosa at much lower concentration than ammonia and this testing procedure may be used as a model of Helicobacter pylori-associated injury of gastric mucous.

The first Russian highly stable enzymatic solution for the deleting of peptide deposits from the soft lenses surface was prepared. The formulation contains pancreatinum and borate buffer in polyethylene glycol - glycerol - aqua solution.

Social-demographic and medico-social analyses of drug addicts living in Volgograd were carried out. The specific character and some regularities of the situation with drug addicts, which may be useful for regulating the situation, were revealed.

107 patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases were given infusions of sodium-hypochlorite and 142 patients were treated with the help of transcranial electrostimulation. The levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity, liver-specific enzymes and intrahepatical hemodynamics were determined before and after the therapy courses. The treatment revealed positive dynamics of all indices. Therefore, the treatment with sodium-hypochlorite and transcranial electrostimulation are new, effective medicinal and non-medicinal methods in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases.

The aim of research was to compare efficacy of complex therapy diabetic microangiopathy to using doxihem with standard therapy. 40 patients, 40-65 years, with diabetes mellitus type II with an arterial hypertension and presence of microangiopathy were enrolled in the study. All patients received basic therapy with oral antidiabetes drugs in a combination to an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. In experienced group to main therapy was added doxihem on 500 mg 3 times a day. For an evaluation of efficacy of therapy researched rheological parameters of a blood, changes on an eye-ground, function of kidney, signs of peripheral neuropathy. The obtained data testify, that the using doxihem in complex therapy diabetes mellitus type II such as at initial exhibitings microangiopathy allows to slow down development of microvascular complications.

Combined application ultraviolet, efference and oxidizing methods of therapy on a background of basic treatment in view of phases endotoxicosis at patients with a diabetes in a phase decompensation, in the early postoperative period, considerably improves parameters of work of heart, transport and consumption of oxygen, and also parameters cellular and humoral immunity owing to effective decrease in a level endotoxicosis. At expressed an intoxication causing an inconsistency of bodies physiological detoxication of an organism, application continuous plasmapheresis is shown, that proves to be true a low level of maintenance SLAMM in urine.

This article is devoted to the presentation of advanced pedagogical methods applied in the Volgograd State Medical University. The methodology of the educational process in the VolGMU is based on scientific, comprehensible and visual backgrounds. To achieve a perfect balance between new and traditional forms of teaching, it is not advisable to make a contrast between visual and modelling methods, since the first technique is a part of the second one. The application of new visual methods will give the possibility to organize educational process in a medical school better and, consequently, to prepare medical graduates for the clinical work.

The central focus of any communicative process is a personality as any message is originated and perceived by people in accordance with their individual cognitive and communicative style, psychological and language/speech peculiarities. It is obvious that every constituent component of the personality's structure can't but influence the process of communication: nationality, social status, age, gender, character, temper even appearance leaving alone the mental and communicative abilities and the language knowledge itself. The agents of the cross-cultural communication are within some commonly shared communicative area which requires using the same code, speaking the same language which indeed means not only easily understood words, but adequate concepts and emotions hidden behind the words, meeting the mutual communicative expectations both verbally and non-verbally, behaving according to the norms appropriate to the host culture. Thus the structural model of an agent of an effective cross-cultural communication includes cognitive, emotional, motivation , pragmatic and linguistic components and is characterized by the person's ability of transformation, personal readiness to it and the transformed shared/combined cognitive, emotional and pragmatic personal spheres.

The paper analyses the peculiarity of regional study within the framework of intercultural approach. The basic principles of intercultural teaching are under consideration. The problem of modification of teaching goals, content and techniques is carried out.

For the first time a personal characteristic of Wilhelm Kun, a kansler of Weimer Germany, was given in Russian historiographic in 1921-1922. His conections with different political leaders are examined. The main principles of his activity: the preference of economy over policy is also underlined.