Vol 1, No 2 (2011)
- Year: 2011
- Articles: 29
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-0151/issue/view/3156
Articles
PROBLEMS OF HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS CLASSIFICATION
Abstract
Intensive construction of high-rise buildings and complexes requires a typological systematization and their distinctive classification both according to their function and to their altitude. The authors suggest that a separate classification according to altitude should be introduced for residential buildings and multifunctional residential complexes as well as for high-rise buildings for public use including high-rise multifunctional buildings.
FEATURES, FORMING AN ARCHITECTURAL OBJECT, BASING ON FRACTAL STRUCTURES
Abstract
The use of fractal structures in contemporary architecture is presented. Features and properties of nature fractal structures and abilities of their usage in architectural objects at the level of three components – structure, construction, shell or form - are discussed. The theme of fractals is seen in F.L. Rights’ works, who positioned organic approach, Le Corbusier, who got ahead the time with his ideas of ecological approach to projecting. In contemporary architecture fractal structures are successfully use by such famous professionals as Daniel Libeskind, Greg Lynn, Toyo Ito.
SAMARA FACTORY-KITCHEN by ARCHITECT E.N.MAXIMOVA
Abstract
In the article social transformation of soviet family’s everysay life in 1920-30s and history of buildings projecting with typology – factory-kitchen are considered. It says about the restoration and the search of biographic materials about the author of the factory-kitchen project in Samara E.N. Maximova. The article is writing aboutMaximova biography and the features of architecture– planning organization.
CITY AS AN OBJECT OF ARCHITECTURAL pHOTORGApHY IN THE ХХth CENTURY
Abstract
In the article the progression of architectural photography’s development in urban environment’s genre context as a commerce-free art creating friendly conditions for aesthetic value of architecture and space in the city in XXth century is viewed.
METHODS OF ORGANIZATION OF KINDERGARTENS FUNCTIONAL-PLANNING STRUCTURE
Abstract
The article touches upon the problems of development contemporary planning structure of kindergarten. Several foreign examples of kindergarten are analyzed. The prevailing methods of forming a structure of kindergarten are selected and explained. Сriteria of separation designated methods are specified on 5 main groups. The theoretical and practical application of temporary and stationary kindergarten concepts are given. The main features application of the forming methods to the image of the «child» architecture are formulated.
PRECONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MASS SPEED TRAVEL MEANS
Abstract
This article reviews the main aspects of the «automobile era» development. Such factors as reconstruction of European cities as a prerequisite for the forthcoming of high-speed means of mass travel, invention and application of production lines and new economic practices in the motor car construction as well as the foundation of the first workers’ suburbs as a new settlement system are primarily connected with the progress in the motor industry and transport infrastructure in general.Key words: automobile, line, city reconstruction, technical progress.
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LANDSCAPE OF COASTAL ZONES OF LARGE CITIES OF THE MIDDLE OF VOLGA REGION
Abstract
In the article geomorphological features of a coastal relief of big cities of the average Volga region (Volgograd are considered; Saratov, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Kazan, Cheboksary) are viewed. The analysis shows influence of a coastal relief on planning and functional development of big cities coastal zones of the average Volga region.
SCHOOL AS A CITY
Abstract
The children`s environment have important role in their life. The main idea of school as an object is to create unique structure. Schools real situation in Russia. performance of new school as a second house, unique object and favorable environment. Foreign experience and examples of exceptional schools. presentation of school concept as a net structure. Application of this method in project with two districts in Samara city. A new approach in children life space forming as well as society is offered.
WООDEN ARCHITECTURE OF SYZRAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXth CENTURY
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problems of the wood and brick-wood architecture in Syzran at the beginning of the XXth century. It deserves our attention the unique one time construction of the city. The stages and Conditions of the formation of the wood architecture of Syzran are looked through in this article. We have got acquainted with the list of peculiarities of of peculiarities of the wooden construction of the three parts of city: central, zasyzransky and zakrymzensky areas. The basic architectural styles of construction of Syzran at the end of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth centuries are looked through in the article (eclecticism, “russian” style, modern) and also the elements of the decorative design of facades (platbands, attics, sheds).
PROBLEMS OF FUNCTIONAL APPROACH IN MODERN DESIGN CULTURE
Abstract
The problems arising from the dominance of the functional approach to architecture and design engineering are viewed. The views of contemporary architects and designers on the issue are analysed. Arts ignoring as one of the causes of the crisis of project culture is presented.
ELEMENTS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH IN WORKS OF ARCHITECT PETER ZUMTOR
Abstract
This article contains the analysis of texts of Peter Zumtor, modern architect, protagonist of rational architecture. In his texts Zumtor says about his understanding of architectural works essence, its structure, design process and role of remembering for making projects idea and others aspects of architectural design. In this work is contained an attempt for revealing the propinquity of Zumtor's ideas to phenomeno-logical movements spirit.
WATER INTAKES FROM SURFACE SOURCES: CONDITION, pROBLEMS, TENDENCIES OF DEVELOpMENT
Abstract
The article analyses the problems of water intakes from surface sources and the issues of fish protection. The trends of solving them as well as the tendencies of developing water intake structures are discussed. The authors give examples of technological concepts of filtering water intakes. The necessity to improve fish protection and to develop constructions of fish protecting devices of industrial and municipal water intakes has been revealed.
PRINCIPLES OF CIRCULATING AND ZERO DISCHARGE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS IN INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES
Abstract
Lace of direct flow and complex multistage purification systems, it is suggested that local water supply be used, with ample opportunity to recycle waste into end product or secondary raw material, thus making it costeffective by minimizing material and energy expenditures. It is also argued that industrial wastewater recycling at local facilities (depending on process water requirements) ought to be based on a combination of mechanic and chemical purification methods: thin-layer setting, electroflotocoagulation, coalescent filtering, moving bed filtering, sorptions, membrane filtering (ultra-, nano- or hyperfiltering), ion exchange, pH-correction, CO2 neutralization etc.
ELECTROFLOTATION IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER PURIFICATION
Abstract
It has been discovered that the speed of water barbotage with hydrogen gas and oxygen is linearly dependent on current density and does not depend on electrolyte concentration. A new multistage method has been developed to purify oily wastes. It includes consecutive filtering in coalescing load and hydrocarbon liquid, advanced treatment with electroflotation and separating electrolysis gas products using hydrogen as floating agent and oxygen as oxidant. The latter, in combination with catalyst, purifies water from organic matter dissolved in it. A possibility of creating mixed technology of industrial wastewater purification based on electrolytic and flotation methods is outlined.
BASIC TRENDS OF VARIATION OF THE QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF SAMARA SURFACE WATER RUN-OFFS
Abstract
Generalizing the data on the quality of surface water run-offs on the territory of Samara the authors reveal the main factors influencing the qualitative composition of water run-offs and define the structure of the links between certain parameters. In the course of research representative diagnostic set of parameters for monitoring the composition of water run-offs has been worked out.
PERFORMANCE DATA AND CHOICE OF BIOREACTOR CONFIGURATION FOR PURIFICATION OF SMALL AGGLOMERATIONS WASTEWATER
Abstract
The article presents a comparison of biological purification facilities performance data and its importance when choosing a particular bioreactor for wastewater purification in small aggregations. Critical analysis of professional literature has lead to the establishment of twelve technological advantages of submerged biofilters over aerotanks. It is shown that biodisks meet to the utmost the requirements for biological household wastewater purification in small aggregations.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AERATORS FOR WASTEWATER PURIFICATION AND UNIFIED AERATION CRITERIA
Abstract
The article shows that it is only reasonable to compare and choose aerators for biological wastewater purification using a set of unified aeration criteria, based on oxygen mass transfer coefficient, oxidizing capacity and aeration efficiency.
PREDICTING INFILTRATION FEATURES ON THE TERRITORIESSUBMERGED AS A RESULT OF EXTREME SITUATION
Abstract
The article discusses the process of liquid penetration of the surface of the earth into soil at a constant pressure. The ideal soil model is adopted in the study. The penetration of liquid is considered as a movement of a drop with variable mass. The initial moment of fluid motion was studied in detail.
ESTIMATION CRITERIA OF RELIABILITY AND TECHNICAL CONDITION OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTIONS
Abstract
Here are considered the basic estimation criteria of the reliability and technical condition of hydraulic engineering constructions. The basic methods of the estimation and calculation of the reliability of complex technical systems are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations how to use these methods are offered with reference to hydraulic engineering objects and constructions.
ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC CONDITIONSOF THE ZHIGULEVSKAYA HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION AREA
Abstract
Here is analyzed the seismic stability of the Zhigulevskaya Hydroelectric power Station area and tectonic activity of the Zhiguli bank structure. The estimation of an initial seismicity of the area and site of the Zhigulevskaya Hydroelectric power Station is given. The probability of earthquake occurrence of the maximum intensity on the basis of empirical data is defined.
DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY OF RECYCLING AND REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF WASTE BOTTOM DEEPENING OF URBAN RESERVOIRSWITH THE USE OF DEHYDRATION IN GEOSYNTHETIC CONTAINERS
Abstract
A complex of technological and managerial solutions to reduce the volumes of sediments of urban reservoirs is developed. The environmental efficiency of low-temperature dewatering of sediments in geosynthetic containers of the proposed design is shown.
DEFINITION OF THE PRIORITY VARIANT OF THE HIGH-SPEEDHIGHWAYS ON THE BASIS OF THE ESTIMATION OF NOISE PROTECTION EFFICIENCY
Abstract
The analysis of dynamics of an acoustic situation in Samara and its forming factors are presented. The forecast for the further development of an acoustic situation is made and directions on its improvement are offered. The estimation of noise protection efficiency depending on a place of placing of protections and a preferable variant of a high-speed highway on the basis of efficiency of protection of the population from noise, and as economic feasibility is resulted.
ANALYSIS OF CONDITION AND PERSPECTIVES OF INTEGRATED USE OF PONDS OF SAMARA
Abstract
Water objects form an essential part of the city. The functions of Samara ponds are analyzed (ecological, recreational, etc.). Dynamics of the process of drying up of ponds is studied. The prospects of use of ponds of Samara for the purposes of fire suppression with use of methods of fuzzy sets are evaluated.
MODELLING AND OPTIMIZATION OF STATIONARY PROCESS OF INDIRECT INDUCTION LIQUID HEATING
Abstract
The questions of mathematical modelling of indirect induction heating viscous oil in heaters and continuous optimization of the power distribution of internal heat sources on the criterion of maximum speed are analysed. It is similar to minimizing the length of the heater for the steady-state regimes of heating. The specificity of the heating of viscous fluids in indirect induction heating consists in the uneven distribution of liquid flow velocity in the cross section. proposed quasi-optimal algorithms for power distribution along the length of the heater in the form of a step function provide energy savings for heating when the technological demands of fidelity to the outlet temperature of the heater.