Vol 5, No 1 (2024)

BACKGROUND: Patients with breast cancer in remission tend to be overweight; however, the global literature has no data on eating disorders in this category of women.

AIM: To identify any potential eating disorders and their association with personality traits and emotional condition of women who underwent radical treatment for breast cancer and do not show any disease progression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two women who completed breast cancer treatment and did not show any disease progression in one year were asked to fill in Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and Big Five personality test and were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0 were used for statistical data processing. The critical significance level was p <0.05.

RESULTS: 81.3% of the patients were overweight. A serious eating disorder was found in one patient. In 15.6% of patients were was evidence of strained relationship food. A statistically significant association was established between Neuroticism and Depression ( r =0.362) and between Agreeableness and Level of anxiety ( r =0.37). No correlation was discovered for the probability of an eating disorder and “level of anxiety/depression.”

CONCLUSION: Serious eating disorders seem to be uncharacteristic of patients with breast cancer who have completed the treatment. The following pairs of descriptors were found to be associated: Agreeableness/Anxiety and Neuroticism/Depression.

Protein energy malnutrition in critically ill patients affects their condition to a large extent, increasing the probability of infections and death. It significantly prolongs their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nutritional support in ICU is central in the treatment. Nutritional and metabolic support is regulated by care standards in anesthesiology and critical and emergency care. Therefore, updating and systematizing the knowledge on nutritional support in ICU is key to improving the care quality.

In this scientific review, we analyzed relevant domestic and foreign publications on malnutrition. Then a TSS-strategy (timely, stepwise, and specific) was devised for the start of nutritional support with enteral nutrition in critically ill patients. The strategy was based on 2023 guideline by European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN).

“Timely” means early start of nutritional support in critically ill patients. “Stepwise” suggests that an algorithm for adding protein and energy in increments be followed to prevent overfeeding the patient during the first 24 hours in ICU. “Specific” refers to the use of high-nitrogen formulas with moderate caloric content that were developed specifically for critically ill patients.

We hereby suggest a strategy for nutritional support start that is fully in line with current clinical guidelines and allows achieving better outcomes when treating critically ill patients.

The Russian Association for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (RSPEN), the Editorial Board, and the Editorial Council of the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism journal inform you with deep sadness that Tamara Sergeevna Popova, DSc (Biol), Professor, laureate of the USSR State Prize and the Prize of the Moscow City Mayor’s Office, passed away on January 1, 2024.

Professor T.S. Popova stood at the origins of the creation of the Russian Association for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition and was its president for two decades.

T.S. Popova was the author of more than 350 publications, 25 author certificates, and 14 patents. Her developments concerning intestinal failure syndrome have become a classic not only in Russian medicine, but also in many European countries. The name of Professor T.S. Popova is associated with key state programs, projects, and guidelines and orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Many years of Professor Tamara Sergeevna Popova’s work have been summarized in two editions of the Russian National Guidance to Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition.

The editorial board of the Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism journal expresses its deep condolences to the family and friends of T.S. Popova.

The relevance of short bowel syndrome is demonstrated by a great number of patients with it in the overall structure of acute abdominal pathologies, high incidence of intestinal failure syndrome with maldigestion and malabsorption, severe nutrient deficiencies, severe complications, and significant mortality. The main treatment modalities discussed in the paper, including the principles of nutritional support, can reduce the incidence and severity of severe protein energy malnutrition and related complications and significantly improve the quality of life of patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Search and analysis of trends in the development of treatment methods, dietary nutrition specifics, rehabilitation and nutritional support in patients with short bowel syndrome. To highlight the modern scientific base, a search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and eLlibrary systems for the period from 2013 to 2024. The search provided 42 sources that met the requirements. The paper reviews the main pathological syndromes, pathogenetic mechanisms of nutritional deficiency in SBS, modern surgical and drug therapy approaches to the treatment of this disease to improve absorption, as well as the main principles of nutritional support, i.e. the main issues and approaches in dietary nutrition, and the use of parenteral and enteral nutrition methods in the complex treatment of patients with SBS.