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Vol 17, No 1 (2017)

Articles

ROLE AND METHODS OF ENDOTHELIAL ESTIMATION DYSFUNCTION IN THE PRACTICAL MEDICINE

Shabrov A.V., Apresyan A.G., Dobkes A.L., Ermolov S.U., Ermolova T.V., Manasyan S.G., Serdyukov S.V.

Abstract

Realization of the role of endothelium as an independent organ in the unified syste m of regulation of blood circulation and realization of endothelial dysfunction as a key component of the pathological condition that is connected w ith most factors,if not to s ay with all factors of the cardiovascular risk,has led to the w homping increase of researches of endothelium during the last three decades. Methods of estimation of the regular vascular (endothelial) function are used widely in scientific researches; but their usage as a clinical tool in the daily medical practice is still an exception. The proposed overview contains the description of the most popular methods of estimation and monitoring of the vascular function by taking into consideration the possibility of their application in the practical medicine. In particular, data about the reason are provided why the endothelial disfunction is not only a risk marker for cardiovascular pathologies, but also contains the valuable prognostic information for the secondary prevention of diseases and management of patients suffering with the ischemic heart disease, hypertension or with the lever pathology that have already been determined. For the clinical application methods of estimation of the function of the endothelium that are simple, accessible , and light for patients are the most perspective methods. However for using them in the daily clinical practice the next following goal-oriented researches in this direction are necessary. Their task is to determine it , how and in which cases it is goal-oriented,to use such estimations; how do they influence the choosing of the treatment, and which clinical effect of application of these methods at the treatment of concrete diseases is awaited.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):7-23
pages 7-23 views

MEDICAMENTOUS THERAPY OF THE DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY AND THE SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY

Sokolova M.G., Nikishina O.A., Maretina M.A., Kiselev A.V., Lobzin S.V., Zuev A.A.

Abstract

In the overview the analysis of contemporary scientific researches in the area of medicamentous therapy of the genetical nervomuscular diseases is presented: the overview of spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy has been carried out. Up to the present moment these diseases are incurable, but the common scientific work of geneticists, molecular biologists, clinicians, and pharmacologists gives promising prospects. Many researches are devoted to the question of elimination of the primary pathogenetic cause of these diseases with the usage of methods of the gene therapy.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):24-33
pages 24-33 views

VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR OF ENDOTHELIOCYTES OF BLOOD VESSELS AND ITS USE IN THE COURSE OF IMMUNOMORPHOLOGYCAL RESEARCHES

Korzhevskii D.E., Kirik O.V., Sukhorukova E.G., Alekseeva O.S., Shaydakov E.V.

Abstract

The most frequent problem of the surgical treatment of the phlebeurysm is the repatency of thrombuses. The main cell population that prevents the formation of thrombuses and contributes to their repatency is presented by endotheliocytes of intima of vessels. One of important directions of the contemporary immunomorphological angiology is determination of markers of the functional activity of the endothelium that has the high predictive validity in relation to the prediction of results of the surgical treatment. The possible expectant to be such a marker is the protein that is synthesized with endotheliocytes, it is called von Willebrand factor. In the present article data are generalized and analyzed that are available in the literature worldwide concerning the molecular organization and functions of von Willebrand factor, the comparison of different morphological ways of its detection in situ has been carried out. Based on the overview of literature and own data a conclusion has been drawn that the method of the confocal laser microscopy makes possible in course of the immunocytochemical marking of the von Willebrand factor to study its distribution in the cytoplasm of separate endotheliocytes as well as in the subendothelial area of the wall of the blood vessel. Data on the intracellular and extracellular accumulation of the von Willebrand factor are necessary for the correct evaluation of the functional state of the endothelial lepidic tissue.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):34-40
pages 34-40 views

LIPID EXCHANGE INDEXES: INFORMATION CAPACITY AND CLINICAL MEANING IN THE COURSE OF VALUATION OF ATHEROGENICITY OF LIPEMIC INDEX OF BLOOD

Kaneva A.M., Bojko E.R.

Abstract

In accordance with the latest researches, traditional values of the lipid exchange, such as the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), are representative of the proatherogenic blood potential not to the full extent. With the purpose of increase of the clinical information capacity of values of the lipid exchange it was proposed to use different calculating indexes. The most of well-known indexes are the representative of interrelation of main classes of lipids in the blood plasma; the other indexes are substituted markers of dimension of particles of lipoproteins. In the overview main indexes of the lipid exchange are considered, the own data are adduced that concern diapasons of variation of clinical and biochemical indexes of healthy persons and the functional interrelation of indexes with another values of the lipid exchange.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):41-50
pages 41-50 views

HEART REMODELING AND COMPENSATORY ROLE OF THE RIGHT ATRIUM AT PATIENTS SUFFERING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Kayumova G.H., Razin V.A.

Abstract

The purpose of the present study is study of the clinical and prognostic value of the heart remodeling at patients suffering with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The echocardioscopy of 71 patients suffering with the ACS has been carried out. Additionally the prognosis of the disease was estimated by using the Grace scale. Opinion: the tendency to the dilation of the right atrium of patients suffering with the ACS without increase of the ST segment, as a compensatory component, contributes to the benign outcome to the instable angina. The tendency to the dilation of the left atrium of patients suffering with the ACS with the increase of the ST segment, as well as the reduction of the ejection fraction of the left ventricle, increase of pressure in the pulmonary artery are factors of decompensation that are indirect representatives of the damage of the myocardium of the left ventricle. The most negative factor of the lethality is the damage of the systolic function of the left ventricle. Conclusions: the heart remodeling in case of the ACS is represented with the damage of the function and architectonics of the organ, stages of compensation and decompensation of the disease process, it has the clinical ant prognostic meaning during the hospitalizing and within the next following semi-annual time period.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):51-58
pages 51-58 views

CAUSATIVE FACTORS OF HYPOPERFUSION OF CEREBRUM IN CASE OF OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Subbotina N.S., Dudanov I.P., Korobkov M.N., Kozlovskaia E.V.

Abstract

Factors have been analyzed that have influence on development and progression of haemodynamic damages of the cerebral blood flow at constrictive damages of extracranial cerebral arteries (EA) having the local form, and at the associated multifocal atherosclerotic process. Causative characteristics of the development of the constrictive lesion of arteries at their localization in different vascular district have been detected. The estimation of the significance of risk factors for the progress of ischemic cerebral complications in case of the atherosclerotic constrictive lesion of extracranial arteriae has been carried out, 276 patients took part in the study. The comparability of correctable factors has been noted that have influence on the progress of the constrictive atherosclerosis of EA and the ischemic damage of the cerebrum. Arterial hypertension (54.5%), increase of the body weight (51.3%), and smoking (35.9%) had the crucial significance. The significant increase of the influence of the genetic predisposition to the atherosclerosis, i.e. the primary hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) and smoking, occurred at patients who have suffered with acute damages of the cerebral circulation, correspondingly in 50.8% and 34.6% of cases. Results of the research of the lipid exchange testified of the domination of the 2b type of the HLP at early and late stages of the cerebral ischemia with the increase of the level of the total cholesterol (TC), atherogenic lipoproteins (LP) - LDL, low density lipoproteins as well as triglycerides (TG). The participation of products of free-radical oxidation of lipids in the progress of the cerebral ischemic damage and atherostenosis of extracranial arteria was confirmed with the increase of the level of primary products and intensification of processes of peroxidation of lipids (POL) on condition of absence of the sufficient activation of the antioxidant defense of the organism.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):59-67
pages 59-67 views

CHARACTERISTICS OF CEREBRAL CIRCULATORY DYNAMICS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN COURSE OF HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS HAVING THE VIRAL CAUSATION WITH DIFFERENT STAGES OF COMPENSATION

Fishman B.B., Kulikov V.E., Barancevich E.R., Choroshevskaja A.I., Butrimova S.S., Yuhno M.V., Zurabov V.V., Chamiladze D.A., Savoluk A.V., Zhbanova N.O., Gugnin I.V.

Abstract

Actuality and purpose. Taking into consideration the paucity of scientific publications concerning factors that deepen the course of the chronic hepatic encephalopathy, the purpose of the present research was the study of characteristics of parameters of the cerebral circulatory dynamics in extra- and intracranial departments with dyscirculatory damages in course of hepatic cirrhoses that have the viral causation of the classes А, В, С in accordance with the Child and Pugh score for improvement of the optimization at the early detection of complications of the encephalopathy at different stages of its development. Material and methods of researches. In the course of examination of 107 patients suffering with hepatic cirrhoses that have the viral causation of the classes А, В, С accordance with the Child and Pugh score the circulatory dynamics in common carotid arteries and medial cerebral arteries of the 1st order of the both hemispheres was examined. Results. The chronical hepatic encephalopathy in up to 75 % of cases can proceed in the comorbidity with dyscirculatory cerebral damages that have been caused primarily at the expense of the process of the atherosclerosis, tortuosity of arteries and the imbalance of the vascular tone. In common carotid arteries against the background of the thickening of the intima-media complex from 0,69±0,21 mm up to 0,79±0,35 mm the tendency to the development of the hemisphere asymmetry of the linear speed of the blood flow from 25.1±2,42% up to 39,5±7,94% is noted against the background of the hepatic cirrhosis of the classes A and С correspondingly. The highest statistical significance of differences is noted between values of the intima-media complex, of the hemisphere asymmetry with the medium linear speed of the blood flow against the background of the hepatic cirrhosis of the С class and the norm. In medial cerebral arteries the most serious damages of parameters of the circulatory dynamics are observed in case of the hepatic cirrhosis of the class С due to change of speed values of the blood flow, increase of the hemisphere asymmetry of the middle linear speed of the blood flow up to 33,9±10,5%, lowering of resistance and pulsatility indexes amounts up to 0,49±0,22 and 1,02±0,21 correspondingly. The highest statistical significance of differences is noted between speed values of the blood flow, values of resistance and pulsatility indexes, values of hemisphere asymmetry of the medium linear speed of the blood flow in case of the hepatic cirrhosis of the С class and the norm. At the comorbidity of hepatic and dyscirculatory encephalopathy the increase of the time of binding of figures belonging to the Reitan test is noted. At that the influence of stages of the dyscirculatory encephalopathy on the process of stages of the hepatic encephalopathy is not single-valued, and it depends on their stages of compensation. Conclusions: 1. In case of hepatic cirrhoses the chronical hepatic encephalopathy in 75% of cases proceeds against the background of dyscirculatory damages, from minimal up to nonreversible, that have been confirmed in 45% of cases only with methods of the instrumental diagnostics, and they increase the clinical process of the dyscirculatory encephalopathy. 2. The influence of stages of the dyscirculatory encephalopathy on the process of stages of the hepatic encephalopathy is not single-valued. The minimal influence is noted at the 1st stage of the hepatic encephalopathy, the maximal influence is noted at the hepatic encephalopathy of the 3rd stage in the comorbidity with stages of the dyscircula-tory encephalopathy. 3. The presence of the hemisphere asymmetry of the blood flow speed (more than 40%), lowering of speed parameters of the blood flow lower than reference values and resistance index (lower than 0,35) in districts of cerebral arteries are indicative of the poor prognosis of the progress of the encephalopathy due to the possibility of the appearance of the “sausage-string” phenomenon with the danger of the development of acute damages of the cerebral blood flow of the haemorrhagic type, process of the venous stasis and cerebral edema.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):68-77
pages 68-77 views

DEPENDENCE OF THE DAILY RHYTHM OF THE INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE OF MICE ON THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SUBTYPES OF ALPHA-1-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS

Korsakova N.V.

Abstract

The daily rhythm of the intraocular pressure of laboratory mice with different subtypes of α1-adrenergic receptors has been studied. Knock-out male mice in the age of 12-18 months have been examined that have the genetic defect in correspondence with one of sub-types of α1- adrenergic receptors: α-1a, α-1b, α-1d (line of laboratory mice ADRA-1A, ADRA-1B, ADRA-1D, correspondingly). The control group has been formed from intact laboratory mice of the line C57Bl/6NTac that have the same age and sex. Contemporary methods of the contact and daily tonometry of laboratory animals have been applied. It was detected that the daily rhythm of the intraocular pressure has significant differences in studied groups of laboratory animals. In such a way, new data have been obtained that are the evidence of the important role of α- adrenergic receptors in the regulation of hydrodynamics of eye.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):78-81
pages 78-81 views

ANTINEOPLASTIC EFFECT OF IMPLANTATION OF BARIUM HEXAFERRITE TO SHR MICE SUFFERING WITH UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL LYMPHOSARCOMA LIO-1

Granov A.M., Vershinina C.F., Samsonov R.B., Markochev A.B., Evtushenko V.I.

Abstract

The purpose is: to study the antitumor effect of implantation of barium hexaferrite to SHR mice with unilateral and bilateral lymphosarcoma LIO-1. On SHR mice with unilateral and bilateral lymphosarcoma LIO-1 the intratumoral injection of the hard magnetic ferromagnetic material - barium hexaferrite (BaO•6Fe2O3) has been studied. The barium hexaferrite has the antitumor effect at its implantation into the center of the lymphosarcoma LIO-1 to SHR mice suffering with the unilateral tumor. The suppression of the growth of the both neoformations of the bilateral tumor LIO-1 (tumors in the left and right hind limb of SHR mice) in case of implantation inly into one limb with the tumor has been detected. As a result of the morphological study it has been shown that the barium hexaferrite is localized in the tumor securely, into that it has been implanted at the bilateral variant of the LIO-1, and it doesn’t make possible for tumor cells to invide into regional lymphonodi.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):82-87
pages 82-87 views

DYNAMICS OF ENDOTOXINEMIA AND MICROECOLOGICAL STATUS OF RATES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF ADMINISTRATION OF RIFAXIMIN IN CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL INSUFFICIENCY OF THE HEART

Vlasov A.A., Salikova S.P., Grinevich V.B., Osipov G.A., Bystrova O.V., Halyutin D.A.

Abstract

The purpose of the work was determining of changes of the qualitative and quantitative composition of intestinal microbiota of rates suffering with experimental insufficiency of the heart (EIH) on the basis of the study of microbe markers (ММ) in the blood by using the method of the mass spectrometry (МСММ), among them in case of application of rifaximin. 30 white male rates have been divided into three groups: К group (intact rates); EIH group (rates suffering with EIH that has been caused through the subcutaneous administration of 1 mg of Mesatonum within 10 days and swimming until the deep lassitude), group of rifaximin (rates suffering with EIH, that ingested daily 30 mg of rifaximin). After finishing of the experiment the level of ММ and endotoxin (ET) in the blood was determined by using the method of МСММ. In the blood of animals suffering with EIH the increase of EТ has been determined, also increase of ММ opportunistic gram-negative bacteria (Prevotella, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium/Haemophylus, Helicobacter pylori, Sphingomonas), clostridiums (Clostridium perfringens, Cl. difficile), actinomycetes, fungi and viruses, as well as representatives of the indigenous microflora (Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Cl. ramosum), decrease of the population of Bifidobacterium and Propionibacterium freundenreihii/Cl. subterminale. Under the effect of rifaximin the increase of the number of bifid bacteria and lactic acid bacilli was observed against the background of the valueless suppression of the opportunistic microflora and of some commensals (Ruminicoccus, Cl. propionicum, Eubacterium), tendency to the increase of the ET. Opinion: the EIH leads to the endotoxinemia and failure of microbiocenosis of the intestinal canal with the proliferation of the series of opportunistic bacteria, fungi, and viruses against the background of the suppression of the pool of bifid bacteria. The application of rifaximin leads to elective changes of the microbial landscape of the small intestine. The method of МСММ can be used for diagnostics of the toxidrome in case of the insufficiency of the heart.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):88-95
pages 88-95 views

THE INACTIVATION OF THE GENE OF ARGININE DEIMINAZE OF STREPTOCOCCI REDUCES THE DEGREE OF THEIR ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY IN THE COURSE OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EXPERIMENTS

Suvorova M.A., Kramskaja T.A., Karaseva A.B., Mukhin V.N., Ermolenko E.I., Suvorov A.N.

Abstract

Many bacteria, including Streptococcus pyogenes are able to suppress the development of tumors as at humans as at other mammals; however, mechanisms of the antitumor activity of bacteria are still unknown. Data about the role of the arginine deiminaze of streptococci as an important antitumor agent have been published. Purpose: in the present study the role of the arginine deiminaze in the antitumor activity of bacteria has been studied. Materials and methods: in course of performed studies the influence on the progress of tumors for cultures of two strains of Streptococcus pyogenes with the serotype M49 was compared: the M49-16 and M49-16delAD strains that produce the arginine deiminaze and that don’t produce it. In the first group of experiments performed in vitro, the culture of cells of hepatoma of 22a mice was affected by streptococci. Results: by means of the xCELLigence system (ACEA, USA), that makes possible to evaluate the condition of the culture of the tissue on a real-time basis it was shown that only streptococci that produce the arginine deiminaze have the cellulotoxic activity. During the second group of experiments performed on laboratory animals suffering with M37 sarcoma it was determined that the administration of streptococci that produce the arginine deiminaze into the tumor caused the decrease of the dimension of the tumor and as well as the decrease of the mortality of animals. The administration of streptococci that don’t produce this ferment did not have such effect.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):96-101
pages 96-101 views

TECHNOLOGIES OF ECOLOGICAL REHABILITATION AT THE PREVENTION OF HYPOGALACTIA AT PREGNANT WOMEN WITH EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY

Avdeev M.N.

Abstract

The purpose is development of the strategy of the remedial treatment of anemia of pregnant women during the combined application of contemporary methods of the equipment operating physiotherapy and the natural medical physical factors that are characteristic for the recreation area of the Sochi health resort. Materials and methods: 247 women have been examined, from them 161 patients belonged to the main group. In the main group the examination of the rehabilitation efficiency of the complex application of the thalassotherapy has been performed, as well as the medical gymnastics, water consumption schedule of consumption of the medicinal mineral water «Lazarevskaya tselebnaya (curative)», normobaric hypoxic therapy, transcranial electrical stimulation, in conjunction with low-dose medicamentous therapy and methods of endoecological rehabilitation proposed by Levin and Bykov. Results: the complex method of the ecological rehabilitation of pregnant women suffering with the anemic syndrome of mild and medium intensity has been developed and approved. The application of methods secured the more favourable dynamics of values of the psychovegetative status that has been confirmed with the increase of the number of pregnant women who has the stable psychoemotional condition and light forms of the astheno-neurotic syndrome. The combination of courses of cranial electrotherapy stimulation and normobaric hypoxic therapy assured the statistically trustworthy positive dynamics of hematologic values that was confirmed through the increase of the level of erythrocytes at the light and middle degrees of the iron deficiency anemia. Opinion: the combined application of the normobaric hypoxic therapy and the cranial electrotherapy stimulation in conjunction with the medical gymnastics, thalassotherapy, rational and functional food consumption, methods of endoecological rehabilitation, water consumption schedule of consumption of the natural mineral water «Lazarevskaya tselebnaya (curative)» increases the efficiency of rehabilitation of pregnant women suffering with iron deficiency anemia under conditions of the sanatorium-resort therapy.
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):102-107
pages 102-107 views

VKLAD AKADEMIKA RAN, PROFESSORA ALEKSANDRA ANISIMOVIChA SKOROMTsA V MIROVUYu NEVROLOGIYu

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Abstract

К 80-летнему юбилею
Medical academic journal. 2017;17(1):108-109
pages 108-109 views


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