Vol 13, No 4 (2013)

The research is devoted to establishment of a complex of the main structural, spatial and quantitative reactive changes of cellular elements of anterior cingulate cortex and the midbrain paranigral nucleus located in different conditions of forbrain circulator hypoxia. The data obtained will help to present differences in reactivity of the brain cells in relationship with each other and with a wall of a blood capillary, and also can be used as a basis for modeling pharmacological correction of posthypoxic conditions. Histologic sections of forward medial part of the paranigral nucleus and layers of the V-VI pregenual cingular field of adult rats in 7 days after occlusion of both general carotids were examined. The sections of intact animals and sham-operated animals were studied too. In the sections, stained after Nissl, the ratio of the low-changed, hypochromic, picnomorphic and shadow neurons, quantity of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microgliocytes and endotheliocytes, the viable low-changed and hypochromic neurons, astrocytes and microgliocytes cell bodies area, length of astrocytes axial shoots, distance from bodies of viable neurons and astrocytes to a wall of capillaries, the gliocyte-neuronal index were determined by methods of identification of glial fibrillar acid protein and Iba1-protein. The cellular elements of the surviving brain in different conditions of circulator hypoxia were established to characterize by a range of the expressed pathological changes. Neurons were in process of picnotization, lysis and transformation into shadow cells. Cells of the nuclear zone of hypoxia trended to death or picnosis. The neurons located outside the hypoxic area and being affected by only humoral influence of the glutamate-calcium cascade, were inclined to sharp swelling. Microgliocyte reaction in the form of poorly expressed increase in their number and structural signs of activation was an early diffusion manifestation of the forbrain focal hypoxia. Endotheliocytes proliferation in terms of early ischemic influence did not connect with a cascade reactions chain and was observed only in hypoxia focus. The concentration of viable neurons and astrocytes near blood capillaries, and also the increase of number of satellite glial forms were adaptation mechanism and condition for survival of cells under various conditions of ischemic influence on the brain.

The changes in the indicators of e-antibodies to endogenous биорегуляторам in the blood serum of patients with essential hypertension.

Cingulate cortex of the brain is involved in various regulatory processes of the central nervous system and its defects are observed in some psychopathologic states. The present study is aimed to description of distribution and morphologic characterization of cholinergic structures of the cingulate cortex of the brain by revealing of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) using immunohistochemistry and confocal laser microscopy. A lot of ChAT-immunoreactive fibers and some ChAT-immunoreactive neurons are found in the cingulate cortex. Small and mostly spindle-like neurons were observed predominantly in II-III layers. Fibers have many varicosities, but we failed to find any ChAT-immunopositive terminals, which supports the non-synaptic release of acetylcholine from varicosities. In the area of the cingulum with highly extensive ChAT-immunostaining, some small, mostly unipolar ChAT-immunopositive neurons were found, which have not previously been described.

The results presented in the study provide the first evidence that the proportion of CD133+34 -, CD133+/CD34+ and CD34+133 -cells in a blood of patients with a chronic disease of a liver is regularly changed, and their average number are increasing after liver transplantation. The findings are discussed in a context of a possible physiological role of fractions of cells in maintenance of viability of an organ.

Original review of HIV RNA in blood/cervicovaginal pair specimen among HIV infected childbearing women in Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Blood, leucocytes and sperm impurity wasn’t criteria for exclusion due to main goal of investigation is to assess correlation between HIV RNA in blood and cervicovaginal specimen as risk factor of HIV sexual transmission. The manuscript provides correlation between leucocytes in cervicovaginal specimen and HIV RNA.

A study has been performed in order to develop the approaches for therapy of amyloidosis using a model object — amyloidogenic protein human beta2-microglobulin (β2m). The aim of the study was to obtain protein variants with amino acid substitutions modulating fibrillogenic properties of β2m which potentially could inhibit fibrillogenesis of the wild-type protein. The study consisted of the two steps: a) computer modelling of β2m associative properties when introducing amino acid substitutions in the primary structure resulting in a change in the degree of molecular symmetry and b) experimental investigation of selected protein variants properties by appropriate genetic constructs design and obtaining the desired recombinant β2m variants. Based on computer calculations virtual variants with double substitutions at the N- and C-terminal regions of the protein molecule have been selected that could potentially provide alterations of monomer the associative properties. These variants have been obtained as recombinant products resulting from expression of genetic constructs specially designed. To obtain the construct with substitutions in the central region of the protein molecule an original double polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been developed yielding the intermediate extended primer — a β2m gene fragment with target substitutions which was used as a forward primer in the second PCR. It has been shown that recombinant β2m variants are capable to form fibrils.