Vol 24, No 4 (2016)

Optimization of evaluation human tendecy for alcohol consumption

Abstract

The problem of alcohol consumption is one of the major causes of depopulation in the Russian Federation. The particular concern is the alcoholism of teenagers and young adults. Substantiates the relevance of complex factors influence the biological and social risks of substance use among youth. Objective: To develop an integrated system approach predicting human risk of alcohol abuse, combining the functional assessment, psychological and social factors in the formation of demand for psychoactive substances. As the object of the study 89 people of both sexes were involved, 18-23 years of age, students of Volgograd State University. The work was performed in accordance with Articles 5, 6 and 7 "on Bioethics and Human Rights, the Universal Declaration” with registration of informed consent. As a result of complex investigations undertaken identified a number of positions of principle capable of predicting the risk of alcohol abuse human. At the same time, it justified the increased susceptibility to alcohol consumption in individuals with a high level of general non-specific reactivity (UONRO). It revealed highly significant effect of negative feelings from the first samples of alcohol to block alcohol abuse human motivations. At the same time, positive feelings of alcohol during the first trial, significantly increase the risk of alcoholism. It was determined that the vast majority of respondents (95%) did not consume alcohol, brought up in the families of non-drinking parents. In contrast, respondents - consumers of alcohol, in 62% of cases vopityvalis in alcoholic families traditions. Thus, the facts revealed dependence on the combination of alcohol consumption UONRO indicators of psychosomatic condition of the person as a result of the first sample of alcohol and attitudes of members of the parental family to consume alcohol. Based on these data provided a method for predicting the risk of alcohol consumption, which provides a comprehensive account of the functional, psychological and social factors in the formation of demand for psychoactive substances, the possibility of a qualitative typology and differentiation degree of risk of alcohol abuse and algorithmization testing process.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):6-16
pages 6-16 views

The formation of technogenic loads and chemical pollution of atmospheric air in modern conditions of development of productive forces in Krasnoyarsk region

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the level of anthropogenic loads on the atmosphere and the nature of their relationship with the index of air pollution (API) in the industrial cities of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Рresents the results of the analysis of planning decisions of industrial cities of Krasnoyarsk Krai pertaining to the formation of air pollution and the influence of meteorological conditions on air quality. Found that the greatest levels of anthropogenic load on atmospheric air are observed in the cities of Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Achinsk and Nazarovo. On one-fifth of urban areas of Krasnoyarsk Krai implemented irrational planning decisions that contribute to the conditions of Krasnoyarsk region defining the levels of air pollution above levels of concern.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):17-24
pages 17-24 views

Medical and social aspects of reproductive behavior and health of residents of Moscow region

Abstract

The results of the survey 596 women of reproductive age living in the service area of the Moscow Regional Perinatal Center are analyzed in the article. Among the women surveyed 91,2% had a positive attitude toward childbearing and they considered an important condition to create a happy family the presence of children. At that 58,4% of them would like to have in their family of two children and 25,7% - three or more. Only every second woman believes that she has a desired number of children in the family. Has been established that pregnancies in 10,3% cases ended artificial abortion and in 1,9% spontaneous abortion. Reliable differences have been revealed in the frequency of pregnancies depending on the level of education. It was established that with increasing ordinal number of pregnancy reliably reduced the proportion of births a living child. Each tenth of the women surveyed has reported about complications after abortion. 8,9% of respondents have been treated for infertility, 13,0% from the miscarriage. 56,4% of women used protection from pregnancy. With this purpose most often a condom was used and interrupted intercourse.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):25-31
pages 25-31 views

The efficacy and safety of various schemes of systemic drug thrombolysis in myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation in senile patients

Abstract

The results present the comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of thrombolytic therapy with different drugs in 98 patients 75 years and older with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. The prevalence of 28-day mortality was observed after the introduction of streptokinase compared to alteplase and prourokinase. Differences were noted in the levels of female mortality. The incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias was higher when we usеd alteplase compared to other thrombolytic drugs. The minimum number of side effects was observed with the introduction of prourokinase.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):32-41
pages 32-41 views

Hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in comorbid pathology: diabetes mellitus and primary hypothyriodism

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the characteristics of arterial hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetes mellitus-type 2 in combination with primary hypothyroidism. We revealed the increased time index of diastolic blood pressure and disorders circadian blood pressure profile with high prevalence of non-dippersrate. Decrease of endothelium-dependent vasodilation and increased concentration of endothelin-1 were diagnosed. The analysis showed the correlation of endothelial function parameters with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, blood pressure, insulin resistance, TSH level in patients with combined pathology.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):42-55
pages 42-55 views

The specificity of function of afferent and associative cortico-subcortical mechanisms in groups of healthy people and patients with epilepsy with different effectiveness of purposeful activity

Abstract

The results of study of parameters of exogenous and cognitive evoked potential in groups of 72 healthy people and 148 patients with epilepsy and its influences on modeling purposeful activity (test Gorbov-Shulte) are presented. The interactions of mechanisms and prognostic value of physiologic parameters for determination of effectiveness of purposeful activity were estimated using artificial neural network technology. The higher physiological cost in activity of these mechanisms and greater role of characteristics of afferent systems activity in prognosis of resultness in patients with epilepsy are determined.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):56-66
pages 56-66 views

Forecasting of fatal alcohol poisonings rate in Russia

Abstract

This article tests the possibility of forecasting of fatal alcohol poisonings rate in Russia using the analysis of time series from 1956 to 2013. The results from present study support the hypothesis that a change in the affordability of alcohol was the key determinant of dramatic fluctuations in the fatal alcohol poisonings rate in Russia during the last decades. Most visible effect of measures on restriction of alcohol’s availability was during antialcohol campaign 1985-1988 and following the adoption of new antialcohol initiatives in 2005. This study highlighted the limitations associated with forecasting of fatal alcohol poisonings rate using extrapolation of time series. Adoption of new antialcohol initiatives in 2005 appeared as an intervention witch effected the trends in fatal alcohol poisonings rate. This suggests that different kinds of social interventions hamper reliable forecasting of fatal alcohol poisonings rate.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):67-77
pages 67-77 views

Key characteristics of women and men suffering from alcohol dependence in the context of auto-agressive behaviour

Abstract

Aim. To define the clinically and practically significant differences in characteristics of women and men who suffer from alcohol dependency in terms of auto-aggressive behavior associated with alcohol dependence. The article presents the analysis of data obtained in 124 subjects divided into two groups 62 subjects each, women and men suffering from alcohol dependence.

Results. The study shows that women and men suffering from alcohol dependence have certain features throughout the course of the disease in the context of the auto-aggressive behavior. Most of the subjects were characterized by a hereditary development of the alcohol dependency represented by the presence of the alcoholism in mothers among 32% of female patients versus 10% among male ones. Women, in general, had more severe alcohol dependence (84% of the female subjects had rapid progression of the disease). The duration of therapeutic remission in most of the cases was less than a year, there were no prolonged therapeutic remissions (3 to 5 years).

Conclusion. Women and men have different course of the alcohol dependence, including the auto-aggressive behavioral characteristics, which in turn requires special attention of the medical services that provide narcological and anti-suicidal aid to both female and male patients. Development of gender-specific therapeutic approaches to the treatment of alcohol dependency is also required.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):78-83
pages 78-83 views

Key characteristics of women and men suffering from alcohol dependence in the context of auto-agressive behaviour

Abstract

Aim. To define the clinically and practically significant differences in characteristics of women and men who suffer from alcohol dependency in terms of auto-aggressive behavior associated with alcohol dependence. The article presents the analysis of data obtained in 124 subjects divided into two groups 62 subjects each, women and men suffering from alcohol dependence.

Results. The study shows that women and men suffering from alcohol dependence have certain features throughout the course of the disease in the context of the auto-aggressive behavior. Most of the subjects were characterized by a hereditary development of the alcohol dependency represented by the presence of the alcoholism in mothers among 32% of female patients versus 10% among male ones. Women, in general, had more severe alcohol dependence (84% of the female subjects had rapid progression of the disease). The duration of therapeutic remission in most of the cases was less than a year, there were no prolonged therapeutic remissions (3 to 5 years).

Conclusion. Women and men have different course of the alcohol dependence, including the auto-aggressive behavioral characteristics, which in turn requires special attention of the medical services that provide narcological and anti-suicidal aid to both female and male patients. Development of gender-specific therapeutic approaches to the treatment of alcohol dependency is also required.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):84-87
pages 84-87 views

Features of flow of pregnancy and labor in young women

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the peculiarities of pregnancy and delivery in young mothers who had given birth in the Ryazan oblast clinical perinatal center in 2012-2015. Identified complication of gestation, occurring significantly more often in females of adolescent age. Statistically significant difference was detected in such pathologies as anemia, placental disorders. A teenage pregnancy leads to the development of such terrible complications as preeclampsia. Young pregnant women are at risk for miscarriage. Presents an analysis of the frequency of abdominal delivery in a group of teenagers. The obtained data are the basis for the development and implementation of measures for the prevention of complications of pregnancy and childbirth in young mothers.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):88-95
pages 88-95 views

The role of hepcidin in the main iron-deficiency syndromes in pregnancy

Abstract

Currently, there is evidence that hepcidin is the main regulator of iron metabolism in human and pathogenesis key factor for anemia of inflammation. However, the role of hepcidin in multifactorial pathogenesis of anemia in pregnancy is not clear. We presented the results of the laboratory examinations of 78 pregnant women sera in hepcidin, ferritin, erythropoietin during pregnancy, and 116 sera of pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of mixed origin. The obtained data indicate a statistically significant decrease in the mean hepcidin concentration in pregnants versus non pregnant women. Mean hepcidin level in pregnant women with IDA was decreased, compared with anemia of mixed origin pregnants (p<0.0001). Evaluation of hepcidin concentrations may be useful laboratory test for differential diagnostic of anemia during pregnancy and for determination of optimal therapeutic option between oral iron, parenteral iron or using erythropoiesis -stimulating agents (ESAs) in combination with iron products.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):96-103
pages 96-103 views

Liver hydatid disease: role of computer tomography and morphological changes of liver

Abstract

Objective. Assess the role of CT in patients with hepatic echinococcosis, and compare them with morphological changes.

Materials and methods. The study based on the results of examination and treatment of 18 patients with liver echinococcosis. All patients were performed CT examination on Neusoft 64 in the machine. Liver parenchymal density parameters evaluated in Hounsfield units in step of 1,5 to 5 mm, and the area determined by the liver cysts.

Results of the study. Mean cyst size (length, width, thickness) were 80,5 ± 6,7 (length), 64,4 ± 4,7 (width), 57,2 ± 3,6 (thickness) mm, respectively. The average liver area 20666,7±345,0, cyst area 20666,7 ± 345,0. The density of cysts on Hounsfield was -17,4± 4,7. Density of 0,5 cm from the liver tissue cysts 24,2 ± 5,7, liver tissue density of 1 cm from the cysts 24,9 ± 5,9, Liver tissue density of cysts 1,5 cm 45,6 ± 5,5, the density of the liver 2 cm from the tissue cysts 50,2 ± 6,1., the liver tissue density of 2,5 cm from the cysts 59,2 ± 7,1, the liver tissue density of 3 cm from the cysts 71,6 ± 8,2, a density of 4 cm from the liver tissue cysts 72,2 ± 8,4, the average density of the liver tissue to remove cysts from 5 cm to 8 cm 71,4 ± 8,2. When comparing the results of computer tomography (density tissue Hounsfield) were found that the changes in the liver tissue density from 24,2 ± 5,7 to 50,2 ± 6,1 HU observed at different distances expressed morphological changes of hydatid cysts: fi-brotic changes in the liver tissue, the presence of necrobiotic changes, inflammatory infiltration, degeneration of hepatocytes and hearths hemosiderosis 2-3 degrees. In this normal liver morphology data structure of the liver was areas where parameters of liver tissue density on CT matched normal parameters.

Conclusions. CT examination is highly informative in identifying liver disease and the presence of cyst volume of morphological changes in the liver.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):104-111
pages 104-111 views

Using the aponeurotic hypotensive suture in surgical treatment of patients with median postoperative ventral hernias

Abstract

One of the operation about the median postoperative ventral hernia is retromuscular plastic Stoppa-Rives. For large defects closure rear sheets of the sheaths of direct muscles associated with the eruption of the seams. The authors propose a new hypotensive aponeurotic suture located opposite each other of the chains of stitches oriented in the transverse direction. This seam is used in 14 patients. All patients were able to take in rear sheets of the sheaths of direct muscles under the control of intra-abdominal pressure. During the early postoperative period without complications. Patients viewed through 6-20 months. Recurrence was not detected. It is concluded that the use of this seam is safe and effective closure of the fascia when alloplasty.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):112-118
pages 112-118 views

Search for primary tumor in metastatic lymph nodes of the neck

Abstract

The efficiency of combined positron emission and computer tomography in the diagnosis of primary metastatic lymph nodes of the neck was analyzed. It was established that in 34% fully examined patients was identified the primary tumor. In 32% of patients was detected distant metastases to other organs and lymph nodes. In more than 60% of patients using this method provided additional information and influence on the tactics of their treatment. Thus we believe that PET-CT should be included in diagnostic algorithm of this category of patients.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):119-125
pages 119-125 views

Improving the efficiency of treatment of patients with mesial occlusion with a new impression tray

Abstract

Quite often, the orthodontist is faced with difficulties in the selection of the impression tray in patients with tooth-jaw-facial anomalies. It is especially difficult to choose impression tray for patients with mesial occlusion gnathic views. Trying to find a decision in our proposed design has led to the improvement of the quality of diagnostic procedures, the effectiveness of the treatment, obtaining consistent results.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):126-130
pages 126-130 views

Morfologoand anatomy-diagnostic features of the crushed combination plant medicinal product for the treatment of upper respiratory diseases

Abstract

The macro- and micro- diagnostic features of the combination plant medicinal product for the treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases «Lorpoliphyt» were fixed. The description, microphotos of the found features is provided. The received results are necessary further for establishment of developed combination plant medicinal product authenticity.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):131-138
pages 131-138 views

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnostics, treatment

Abstract

The article contains the review of literature data dedicated to the most common complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) - the diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). DPN is regarded as economic burden for any state and significantly influences the quality of patient’s life. DPN is characterized by progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves that leads to pain syndrome, movement disorders and loss of sensation. There is a set of theories of development of DPN, but the major etiological factor is the chronic hyperglycemia. The article describes pathophysiologic mechanisms of DPN development. It is noted that considering high variability of clinical pattern DPN has no unified classification. The article addresses issues related to diagnostics and criteria of establishing the diagnosis. Special attention of the article is dedicated to pathogenic and expected treatment methods.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):139-151
pages 139-151 views

Long-term cyclic aerobic training preserves the brain's health in elderly persons (brief review)

Abstract

It was identified on the base of special periodical literature analyze that cyclic muscular work systematically performed during large part of the person's life (former athlete) provides mainly the favorable effect on the brain. Ventricular-arterial coupling improvement ameliorates brain perfusion, and creates function advantages to brain health in old age. At that, the gray and white matter fading hampered, especially in structures that associated with visual control and human body spatial orientation, motor control and memory state, and age-related attenuation of cognitive functions in comparison with sedentary persons of the same age.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):152-163
pages 152-163 views

Clinical diagnostics of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

Abstract

The article describes the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (NDCTD). NDCTD: it is genetically heterogeneous group, which serves as the basis for the formation of various chronic diseases may cause dysplastic changes in the connective tissue of various organs and systems, but they are based on no clear genetic defect with a certain type of inheritance, are diagnosed when the patient has a set of features does not fit into any of differentiated diseases. Experience shows that such pathology is widespread. The incidence of NDCTD, according to some sources, among young adults up to 80%. If rigid criteria (six or more external fen) NDCTD detection rate is reduced to 20-25%, and the clinical significance of the identified anomalies increases.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):164-172
pages 164-172 views

Shura-Bura Boris Lukich: by the 110-anniversary

Abstract

The article presents the main milestones of the life, scientific and pedagogical work of the famous scientist, epidemiologist, head of the Department of Epidemiology of the Ryazan Medical Institute named after I.P. Pavlov, Colonel of Medical Service, retired Boris Lukich Shura-Bura.
I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2016;24(4):173-176
pages 173-176 views


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