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Vol 13, No 6 (2022)

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Editorial

Amniotic fluid is a marker of the condition of the fetus. Is it so?

Bezhenar V.F., Ivanova L.A., Ivanov D.O., Krasnogorskaya O.L.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid, childbirth is usually classified as a high-risk group, which leads to an expansion of indications for operative delivery. Also in the literature there are indications of an increase in the frequency of the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia, with premature rupture of amniotic fluid.

AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the significance of the influence of meconium color of amniotic fluid and the duration of the anhydrous period on the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between the two groups in 12,342 women delivered at the Perinatal Center of the Pediatric University.

RESULTS: Meconium coloration of amniotic fluid was 2 times more common in the presence of hypoxia, and 5 times more common in the presence of severe fetal hypoxia during full-term pregnancy, while in premature pregnancy, the child was born in a state of asphyxia, regardless of the color of the amniotic fluid. Premature rupture of amniotic fluid occurred at the birth of a full-term baby in a state of asphyxia statistically significantly more often, although the duration of the anhydrous period did not have statistically significant differences in the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Premature rupture of amniotic fluid at the birth of a premature baby had no differences in the groups with and without asphyxia, however, the duration of the anhydrous period was statistically significantly longer in patients who gave birth to children in a state of asphyxia. With an anhydrous interval of 26 hours or more, the risk of having a child in a state of moderate and severe asphyxia increased. The risk of ascending infection of the placenta of the third stage during preterm labor increased with an anhydrous interval of more than 53 minutes, which confirms the feasibility of prescribing antibiotic therapy for premature rupture of amniotic fluid during preterm pregnancy at the time of diagnosis of this condition, regardless of the planned obstetric tactics.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):5-16
pages 5-16 views

Original studies

Unusual symptoms of iron deficiency anemia (2 clinical observations)

Kalyadin S.B., Kostryukina L.N., Terenteva J.N., Fedorov O.A., Pahomova M.A.

Abstract

Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia, the most common malnutrition worldwide, affecting 42% of children worldwide. Most often, iron deficiency occurs in children of the first year of life and adolescents; its prevalence in adolescents has pronounced gender differences. In Russia, it is much more common in girls — in 17.2–31.0% of cases, which is 1.6 times higher than in boys. The presence of delayed adverse effects of iron deficiency at an early age has been established, therefore, timely correction of sideropenic conditions in young children is important for the prevention of long-term consequences of a child’s development. The article presents two clinical cases of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls who had iron deficiency in the first year of life. On the example of the first clinical observation, we observe the development of alopecia against the background of severe sideropenia as part of the epithelial syndrome with iron deficiency anemia of moderate severity. Iron deficiency in this case is multifactorial — maternal anemia during pregnancy, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, shunt infection, and uncorrected iron deficiency in the first two years. The second clinical example illustrates iron deficiency anemia of mixed genesis in a teenage girl, which was the result of insufficient iron stores at birth, alimentary insufficiency, aggravated against the background of heavy, prolonged menstruation. In this case, there is no hair loss, despite the more severe course of anemia, a long refractory period with iron therapy. The data of clinical cases confirm the significance of low iron stores at birth in the risk of developing iron deficiency anemia in puberty. During the examination of children, the need to take into account the state of the gastrointestinal tract in the algorithm for diagnosing the state of the gastrointestinal tract (detection of malabsorption, blood loss) was shown.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):17-24
pages 17-24 views

Changes of abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection detected by ultrasound diagnostics

Yarovaya Y.A., Lozovskaya M.E., Pobezhimova Y.A., Vasilieva E.B., Klochkova L.V., Stepanov G.A., Shibakova N.D.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound diagnostics of abdominal organs is an early method of detecting functional and structural changes in tuberculosis infection before the manifestation of clinical manifestations. Currently, there are no uniform criteria for interpreting the sonographic pathology of parenchymal organs in tuberculosis infection in children, which requires its analysis.

AIM: The aim is to determine the frequency and nature of sonographic changes in abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection, as well as their dynamics against the background of chemotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 192 patients aged 6 months — 14 years of tuberculosis department of City Children’s Infectious Hospital No. 3 for the period 2019–2021 were examined. 3 groups of patients were identified: group 1 — 92 children with active tuberculosis of the respiratory organs; group 2 — 52 children with residual post-tuberculosis changes; group 3 — 48 children with latent tuberculosis infection from tuberculosis risk groups. Comprehensive examination of patients included evaluation of the results of immunodiagnostics (Mantoux test with 2TE and test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen), multispiral computed tomography of the chest, laboratory tests. Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs was prescribed to children in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and on the background of anti-tuberculosis therapy after 3 and 6 months.

RESULTS: Sonographic changes of the liver (reactive and/or intrahepatic cholestasis and/or hepatomegaly) were observed in children with active tuberculosis in 40.2 ± 5.1% of cases, in children of group 3 — in 35.4 ± 6.9% of cases and less often in children of group 2 — in 17.3 ± 5.3% of cases (p < 0.05). Changes of the gallbladder (violations of bile outflow and/or shape changes) in children with active tuberculosis were visualized in 73.9 ± 4.6% of cases, in children of group 3 (60.4 ± 7.1%), less often in children of group 2 (55.8 ± 6.7%, p < 0.05 for group 1). Changes of the pancreas were reactive and were more often observed in children of group 1 (in 14.1 ± 3.5%) than in children of group 2 (5.8 ± 3.2%, p < 0.05) and group 3 (4.2 ± 2.9%). Changes of the spleen were more often detected in children with active tuberculosis (in 17.4 ± 4.0%) than in children of group 2 (5.8 ± 3.2%, p < 0.05) and group 3 (2.1 ± 2.1%, p < 0.05). During chemotherapy, there was an increase in the number of sonographic changes of the liver and gallbladder by 2–3 months, which was due to the undesirable effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs.

CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound diagnostics of the abdominal organs allows the most timely diagnosis of changes in the abdominal organs in children with tuberculosis infection, which allows individualizing pathogenetic therapy, if necessary, tuberculosis chemotherapy regimen.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):26-34
pages 26-34 views

Anti-tumor activity of radiopharmaceutical medication based on biospecific antibodies to tumor-associated stroma elements and 177lutecium

Trashkov A.P., Gagloeva T.D., Budko A.I., Petrovskiy A.N., Timaeva O.I., Tsygan N.V., Stanzhevsky A.A., Vasiliev A.G., Maistrenko D.N., Sergunova C.A., Sysoev D.S., Shatic S.V., Antuganov D.O., Konevega A.L.

Abstract

Radiopharmaceutical targeted medication based on biospecific antibodies to tumor-associated stroma elements and 177lutecium (177Lu-DOTA-anti-CTLA4-GITR) potential anti-tumor activity was studied in two courses: one-time administration and two injections with a considerable lag. Subcutaneously transplanted experimental colonic carcinoma (AKATOL; cell line — CT26 EGFP) with high expression of green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and additional expression of target tumor-associated stroma molecules — CTLA4 and GITR was used as a model in BALB/c male mice. The experimental radiopharmaceutical targeted medication proved to possess high pharmacologic activity against the tumor under study. It was apparent in valid increase of experimental animals’ mean lifespan, tumor debut latent period inhibition and clinically valid tumor growth rate slowdown. Double administration of 177Lu-DOTA-anti-CTLA4-GITR proved to be more effective than one-time one, however neither of them managed to yield statistically valid difference in safety levels.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):35-44
pages 35-44 views

Analysis of the prevalence of arterial hypertension in the child population of the city of Grodno in the pre-covid and during the SARS-CоV-2 pandemic period

Tomchyk N.V., Paramonova N.S., Arzhanovich L.V., Kizelevich A.I.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One of the leading problems in pediatric cardiology in recent years has become arterial hypertension, which worldwide tends to increase the share of this pathology in the structure of cardiovascular diseases.

AIM: The aim of the study is to analyze the prevalence of arterial hypertension in the children’s population of Grodno in the pre-COVID period and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The level of the incidence of arterial hypertension, gender and age characteristics of the pathology were studied using reports on medical care for children (Form 1 children of the Ministry of Health) for 2010–2019, analytical and market reports, reviews and certificates of the chief freelance pediatric cardiologist of the Health Department of the Grodno Region, chief physicians and city pediatricians. During the period of work in the time of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from January 2021 to September 2021, the course of 99 cases of arterial hypertension in children was analyzed.

RESULTS: An increase in the overall incidence of arterial hypertension in children from 55.67 to 99.92 was established in Grodno, and a relative pattern of reliability of incidence occurred, the incidence was 27.33 (2010) and 28.11 (2019) cases per 100,000 children early age, and a 1.5-fold increase in the share of this pathology in the structure of cardiovascular diseases over the analyzed period. Almost the same proportion of cases of arterial hypertension was revealed in the entire children’s population of Grodno both before the pandemic and during the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS: For the period 2010–2019, an increase in the overall incidence of arterial hypertension in the children’s population of Grodno was revealed. Compared with the pre-COVID period during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the prevalence of newly diagnosed hypertension in the same population has not changed.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):45-53
pages 45-53 views

Effects of a single introduction of pamidronate on intact bone under the conditions of the experimental model of the treatment of tuberculosis ostitis

Petukhova V.V., Mushkin A.Y., Kostik M.M., Vinogradova T.I.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Information about the features of intact bone tissue of the contralateral segment in the treatment of tuberculous osteitis is absent in the literature.

AIM: Study of the features of intact bone tissue in the conditions of complex treatment of experimental tuberculous osteitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: On an experimental model of tuberculous osteitis of the condyle of the right femur (Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv) in 21 rabbits, the morphometric characteristics of the contralateral femurs, representatively selected from 4 groups, were studied: group (control) — who did not receive either surgical or medical treatment; groups 2–4 — radical surgical removal of the focus, supplemented: No. 2 — antituberculosis therapy, group 3 — antituberculosis therapy and a single injection of bisphosphonates (pamidronate), group 4 — a single injection of bisphosphonates. In autopsy material studied: the area of bone tissue, the thickness of bone beams, the number of osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts and the proportion of their active forms.

RESULTS: The following features were revealed in intact samples of different groups: group 1 — the minimum area of bone tissue and the thickness of the beams, the maximum number of osteoblasts, including active ones, the average number of osteocytes; groups 2 and 3 — average values of the area and thickness of bone beams, the average number of osteoblasts, the pool of osteocytes is represented mainly by inactive cells; groups 3 and 4 the minimum value of active osteoblasts; group 4 — the maximum thickness of the bone beams, a greater total number of osteoblasts and osteocytes. No osteoclasts were found in any group.

CONCLUSIONS: Different ratios of bone tissue area, thickness of bone beams, and osteoforming cellular elements in animals receiving different treatment indicate both the systemic effect of a specific process and the drug effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs and bisphosphonates on uninfected bones.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):55-62
pages 55-62 views

Synergic neurotoxic and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome during cysplatin chemotherapy in case of transplanted experimental rat lymphoma

Gagloeva T.D., Trashkov A.P., Budko A.I., Levkova Y.A., Petrovskiy A.N., Cherepov A.B., Tsygan N.V., Antonov V.G., Pahomova M.A.

Abstract

The aim of the study is assessment of combined effect of homotransplanted rat lymphoma (Pliss’ Lymphosrcoma) growth and antitumor therapy (cysplatin) upon the functioning of the nervous system was accomplished in 160 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups: intact animals, rats treated with cysplatin, rats with transplanted lymphoma, and rats with transplanted lymphoma that received cysplatin treatment. The neurologic deficiency degree as well as basic myelin protein peripheral blood level (nervous system impairment hematological marker) were comparatively assessed. Tumor development was accompanied with emergence and subsequent growth of neurologic deficit in locomotory, sensory and coordinative spheres as well as pronounced growth of basic myeline protein plasma level thus making this model a valid test-system for studying paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome. Cysplatin has produced a non-selective toxic effect upon the nervous system of the experimental animals within its therapeutic window range documented by neurotoxic syndrome. Subsequently along with elimination of cysplatin and its derivates from the organism, systemic neurotoxic effect intensity decreased and the nervous system functional state parameters returned to control values. Using cysplatin for the treatment of homotransplanted experimental rat lymphoma results in synergic neurotoxic and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome through combined injury of the nervous system.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):63-72
pages 63-72 views

Reviews

Epidermal nevi and epidermal nevus syndromes in pediatric practice

Gorlanov I.A., Leina L.M., Milyavskaya I.R., Mineeva O.K., Kulikova S.Y., Artamonov K.V.

Abstract

Epidermal nevi are hamartomas of ectodermal origin. Epidermal nevus syndromes are defined as the presence of an epidermal nevus with the involvement of other organ systems. Epidermal nevi are a manifestation of cutaneous mosaicism. Mosaicism may result from postzygotic somatic mutations. Epidermal nevi are usually located along the Blaschko’s lines. There are organoid (sebaceous nevus, comedonic nevus, eccrine nevus) and non-organoid epidermal nevus (keratinocytic epidermal nevus, inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus). Epidermal nevi can be combined with extracutaneous malformations: skeletal anomalies, neurological changes, eye defects, and then it can be related with epidermal nevus syndrome. The presence in a child of large epidermal nevi and nevi located on the face and scalp requires a multidisciplinary approach involving a pediatrician, neurologist, ophthalmologist and geneticist. Currently, several well-defined epidermal nevus syndromes characterized by organoid and non-organoid (keratocytic) nevi have been described: Schimmelpenning’s syndrome, phakomatosis pigmentosa, Becker’s nevus syndrome, comedonal nevus syndrome, angora hairy nevus syndrome, Proteus’ syndrome, and CHILD syndrome (congenital hemidisplasia with ichthiosiform nevus and limb defects). Thus, follow-up of patients with epidermal nevus syndromes should be individualized and include a thorough history, clinical examination, and, if necessary, genetic testing. Typically, children with small, isolated epidermal nevus do not require further evaluation.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):73-84
pages 73-84 views

The effect of peptide bioregulators on the resistance of rats to cold-stress factor

Ganapolsky V.P., Agafonov P.V., Matytsyn V.O.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Biologically active regulatory peptides are the drugs of new type that act selectively on targets, with having no significant side effects.

AIM: The aim of the study was to study the potential effect of peptide preparations Cortexin® and Semax® on the resistance of the rat organism to the cold stress factor in the model of cold stress maladaptation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: White outbred male rats were injected intraperitoneally twice daily with placebo (n = 30), Cortexin® 5 mg/kg (n = 30) or Semax® 0.3 mg/kg (n = 30). Three days after the start of the injection course, the cold-stress effect was simulated in the climate chamber (Feutron, Germany) by cooling the air to 5°C at a relative humidity of 75–80%.

RESULTS: The use of RP significantly increased the duration of the rectal temperature plateau-period within 35°C (moderate hypothermia): in animals of the Cortexin® group from 10 days to 12 days, and in animals of the Semax® group, from 10 to 14 days. Cortexin® demonstrated moderate immunomodulatory properties, and Semax® had a more pronounced immunomodulatory effect. Both preparations showed a stress-protective effect. The use of regulatory peptides provided to delay the decrease in the rat general motor activity and exploratory behavior which develops under the influence of a simulated cold-stress factor. A slower rate of decrease in the swimming time of rats under the influence of regulatory peptides was registrated.

CONCLUSIONS: The meteoadaptogenic, stress-protective and nootropic effects of the regulatory peptides Cortexin® and Semax® were confirmed in rats on the model of cold-stress maladaptation.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):85-96
pages 85-96 views

Delirium in cardiac surgery: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention highlights (Review)

Tsygan N.V., Ryabtsev A.V., Sandalova O.S., Andreev R.V., Trashkov A.P., Peleshok A.S., Kurasov E.S., Litvinenko I.V.

Abstract

Symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period is a qualitative disorder (clouding) of consciousness that is deferred, occurs under mainly vascular, inflammatory and metabolic alterations, manifests by variant behavioral disorders. Three clinical studies were conducted to assess the state of the brain after the most frequent elective cardiac surgery — coronary bypass surgery, open-heart valve surgery, open-heart and endovascular aortic valve surgery. 306 patients were included in the listed studies, the controls included the results of the examination of 120 patients who underwent elective eversion carotid endarterectomy and 15 patients who underwent elective abdominal aortic prosthetics. Thus, 441 patients underwent perioperative neurological examination according to a single algorithm. According to the results of the conducted studies, the frequency of symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period during elective cardiac surgery is 12–14%. Symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period commonly develops 1–3 days after surgery, the average duration is from 1 to 3 days. Symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period also increases the likelihood of subsequent development of other clinical types of postoperative cerebral dysfunction – perioperative stroke and deferred cognitive impairment. Most of the symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period risk factors are preoperative and have vascular origin. Combined use of CAM-ICU and RASS scales is recommended for screening diagnostics of symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period. The increase of the number of cardiac surgeries demonstrates the necessity of the further improvement of perioperative cerebroprotection, the main directions are promptly diagnosis and correction of risk factors, as well as the use of non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods of brain protection, including the original four-component (inosine, nicotinamide, riboflavin, succinic acid) neuroprotector with cytoprotective and antihypoxic effects, as well as meglumine sodium succinate with antihypoxic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):97-105
pages 97-105 views

Clinical observation

Endobronchial surfactant administration in full-term newborn with respiratory distress syndrome

Ivanov D.O., Kiriakov K.S., Pshenisnov K.V., Tesaeva I.A., Nasipova M.U., Sizaeva E.A., Gabisov A.T.

Abstract

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is the leading cause of neonatal acute respiratory failure. Despite the successes achieved and the existing international recommendations, in some cases there is a severe course of this disease, which requires a personalized approach to the patient and intensive care measures.

The article presents a case of successful treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a full-term newborn complicated by pulmonary barotrauma using monobronchial administration of exogenous surfactant under X-ray control. In order to assess the course of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment, a retrospective analysis of medical documentation was carried out. From the first minutes of life, the child had respiratory disorders, which was the basis for non-invasive mechanical lung ventilation — nCPAP (nasal continuous positive airway pressure). Progression of hypercapnia and hypoxemia was revealed over time, and therefore tracheal intubation was performed and convective mechanical ventilation was started with FiO2 = 1,0. Monobronchial administration of exogenous surfactant was a key element of the therapy that allowed to achieve stabilization of the condition and regression of gas exchange disorders with complete recovery of the patient.

Monobronchial administration of surfactant in acute respiratory distress syndrome with heterogeneous lung involvement is an effective treatment option and can be used in clinical practice for refractory hypoxemia.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):107-115
pages 107-115 views

History of medicine

Patent ductus arteriosus (review): history, anatomy and physiology of a functioning duct

Artyukh L.Y., Karelina N.R., Krasnogorskaya O.L.

Abstract

Fetal communication in the vascular system of the fetus is necessary for fetal blood circulation. Metabolic support is provided through the placenta and vessels of the umbilical cord. The function of the arterial duct (ductus arteriosus) is the main component of the fetal blood circulation, which acts as a link between the pulmonary artery and aorta when the baby’s lungs are not functioning and the placenta is the gas exchange organ. Disorders occurring in the physiological processes of the cardiovascular system, especially in the intranatal period, can lead to the development of severe pathology. One of the most important defects in the structure and, consequently, in the nature of the blood flow, is the failure of the arterial duct. The patent ductus arteriosus is a necessary anatomical structure at the heart of the fetal circulatory system. Normally, the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) must close soon after birth, turning into a ligamentum arteriosum. If there is no closure of the duct or its partial obliteration occurs, then it means there is the presence of the defect. The references to it go far into antiquity. This review presents the main stages of study, anatomical and physiological features of the ductus arteriosus.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):117-129
pages 117-129 views

They called him “the Divine messenger”. To the 100th anniversary of Christiaan N. Barnard.

Pugovkin A.P., Erkudov V.O.

Abstract

This paper is devoted to the 100th anniversary of Christiaan N. Barnard (1922–2001) — a South African cardiac surgeon, humanitarian activist and writer who implemented the first human heart transplantation. By the middle of 1960-s about a dozen clinics all over the world were technically ready for this kind of injury, being opposed by legal uncertainty and prejudice. Somebody had to have enough courage and responsibility to overcome these obstacles. It was Barnard who did it. On December 3, 1967, at Groote Schuur University Hospital in Cape Town, he replaced the failing heart of 54-year-old Louis Washkansky with the healthy heart of 25-year-old Denise Darvall, who had died with extensive brain damage from a car accident. This event not only opened a new page in open-heart surgery. As clinical firsts, Barnard’s heart transplantations were great miraculous medical successes that fueled a kind of media frenzy. They were considered to be a world sensation comparable to early space flights, and his personal popularity — comparable to that of movie stars. Barnard’s professional activity. that saved many hundreds of human lives, lasted until he retired in 1983 to devote the rest of his life to charity and humanitarian projects. His antiracist novel “The unwanted” as well as non-fictions “One Life “ and “50 ways to a healthy heart” became the world bestsellers. In our time more than 3500 patients receive new hearts worldwide annually. More than half of the treated patients are expected to survive longer than for 10 years. It is the best monument in memory of this outstanding surgeon and humanist.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):131-136
pages 131-136 views

History of pediatric university

Biochemistry is a living source of new ideas in the past, present and future (to the 90th anniversary of the department of biological chemistry St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University)

Litvinenko L.A., Ramenskaya N.P., Batotsyrenova E.G.

Abstract

Research traditions and the main directions of pedagogical activity of the faculty of the department were formed under the influence of scientists and teachers who worked at the department for 90 years in different years. Under the leadership of the first head of the department prof. L.T. Soloviev scientific research was devoted to the study of the structure of proteins and amino acid composition, and subsequently — age-related features of metabolic processes in normal and pathological conditions. Muscle tissue proteins, their fractional composition in ontogenesis and under the influence of various factors were studied under the guidance of two professors I.I. Ivanov and V.A. Yuriev. With prof. N.I. Lopatina scientific topics were devoted to the study of age-related features of the composition of hemoglobin and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in normal conditions and in a number of diseases. With prof. L.A. Danilova, the direction of research remained the same. A large amount of material has been accumulated on the antioxidant system and peroxidation in various pathologies. Currently, under the guidance of the head of the department Dr. Sci. (Med.) V.A. Kashuro staff continue to study changes in the antioxidant system under various influences (neurotoxicants, heavy metals) in combination with changing physical environmental factors. The invaluable pedagogical experience of the staff of the department makes it possible to transfer the accumulated scientific potential to younger generations in practical classes, at meetings of the student scientific society, in preparing students for Olympiads in biochemistry, and in teaching postgraduates. 10 doctors of sciences, more than 70 candidates of sciences have been prepared, more than 800 articles, 2 textbooks, a handbook on laboratory methods of research, about 50 teaching and methodical manuals have been published for 90 years. The Department of Biological Chemistry of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University has preserved the legacy of the past and is ready for new modern challenges.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):137-152
pages 137-152 views

History of the Hospital Surgery Department of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (to the 80th anniversary of the Department)

Karpatsky I.V., Matveeva Z.S., Kuzmichev A.S., Akinchev A.L., Makharoblishvili D.V.

Abstract

The hospital surgery department of the St. Petersburg Pediatric Medical University was organized in the besieged Leningrad in 1942. The aim of the department was to train pediatricians with wide clinical background in surgery including peacetime and wartime injuries. During its existence, the department was headed by many famous surgeons: I.D. Anikin, A.A. Rusanov, A.D. Kartavova, M.S. Grigoryev, L.N. Kamardin, A.F. Romanchishen, A.V. Gostimsky.

The article represents the history of the department’s foundation and development of its main scientific and practical directions. The contribution of its leaders to the formation of educational process, training of young surgeons and improvement of treatment work at the clinical bases are considered.

The main direction of scientific and practical activity of the Department for the last 35 years is endocrine surgery. In recent years, a new section of the Department’s work has appeared: cardiovascular and X-ray endovascular surgery. Its appearance was a result of close cooperation with the staff of profile departments of the City Mariinskiy Hospital and the City Hospital 40 of the Kurortny District.

The teaching staff of the Department, in addition to work with students, trains clinical residents, conducts postgraduate educational cycles in general, endocrine, cardiovascular and X-ray endovascular surgery. For the last 10 years the teaching staff has published more than 200 scientific works, 17 of them are monographs, devoted to various sections of surgery. During the same period the collaborators of our department have defended 4 Doctoral and 10 PhD theses.

Further perspectives are related to clinical work in the field of endocrine surgery, as well as the development of topics on cardiovascular and endovascular, thoracic and abdominal surgery.

Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2022;13(6):153-159
pages 153-159 views


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