Voenno-medicinskij žurnal

The purpose of the study is to assess the success of the fight against a new coronavirus infection in military units, including in the dynamics of the pandemic. Specialists of the Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Southern Military District, based on the characteristics of three levels (high, medium, low) of the gradation of 38 informative criteria substantiated in the study, twice assessed the success of the fight against COVID-19 in 80 military units. The data obtained during the primary (within the first wave of the pandemic) and dynamic (second wave) assessments were analyzed. Data from the initial assessment of informative indicators of the fight against COVID-19 showed that the state of its success is insufficient. Based on the materials of the re-evaluation, a statistically significant positive dynamics of this process was established. By all indicators, the state of combating NCI has improved statistically significantly. In the vast majority of military units, their high level is set: in 93.8–100% of military units, this level is noted for 34 out of 38 indicators, and in 85% for the other 4. In other cases, an average level was determined. The low level was not recorded.

Currently, abdominal surgeons successfully perform organ-preserving operations for blunt trauma to the spleen. The video recording of the operation is the primary carrier of information about the morphology and localization of organ damage, since such information is often poorly and ambiguously reflected in the patient’s medical documents. The article presents data on the modeling of splenic injury by finite element analysis based on a video recording of surgical intervention, through which, with the study of the patient’s medical documentation and video recording of the course of surgical intervention, morphological features, localization of organ damage are established as accurately as possible and the mechanism of their formation is substantiated.

The aim of the study is to establish the relationship between the prescription of regdanvimab in a group of patients with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 older than 50 years and risk factors with the development of a severe course of the disease, the duration of inpatient treatment, and adverse events. The new antiviral drug regdanvimab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of the SARS-Cov-2 virus. The retrospective study included data from 40 patients over 50 years of age hospitalized with mild COVID-19 and at high risk of severe disease. Early additional administration of regdanvimab to the main treatment prevents the progression of the disease, significantly (by 5.9 days) reduces the duration of inpatient treatment in the group of patients older than 50 years with risk factors for an unfavorable course of the disease, and is not accompanied by adverse reactions to the administration of the drug.

Based on the results of laboratory, functional and psychological examinations, the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation of 84 patients who underwent COVID-19 and entered for rehabilitation at the sanatorium of the North Caucasian health resort complex was assessed. The best results in a sanatorium at the 3rd stage of medical rehabilitation of such patients are achieved in eliminating hypoxia, inflammatory changes, and signs of depression. Also, there was a significant positive dynamics in the recovery of indicators of the function of external respiration, physical performance, subjective assessment of the severity of the condition according to the Borg scale when performing the test with a 6-minute walk, a decrease in the severity of signs of anxiety and depression. For a quarter of patients, after the implementation of the measures of the 3rd stage of medical rehabilitation in the conditions of a sanatorium, it is necessary to continue restorative measures in an outpatient setting or independently, as well as to implement measures for dispensary observation.

Abusive headache (drug-induced) develops as a result of excessive intake of analgesics, triptans, ergotamine derivatives for the treatment of headache attacks. The most effective methods of treatment are the discontinuation of the «guilty» drugs, as well as the combination of pharmacotherapy with non-pharmacological methods, including behavioral therapy. In the clinic of the 12th consultative and diagnostic center of the Ministry of Defense, 28 patients with drug-induced headaches were treated. Including 12 received detoxification therapy in the conditions of the hospital department of the polyclinic (day hospital). We have established the dependence of the subjective characteristics of sleep on the intensity of the pain syndrome. The advantages of combining detoxification therapy with preventive treatment during the period of withdrawal of the «guilty drug» were revealed.

Based on the analysis of literary sources, the authors made an assessment of some psychophysiological and physiological aspects of piloting and maintaining spatial orientation in the super maneuverability mode. They pay particular attention to assessing the impact of multi-vector accelerations and the nature of overloads on the pilot’s body, which should be considered when conducting psychophysiological preparation for flights on modern fighter aircraft. Another - not high-speed, but super-maneuverable (when the “maneuver” mode is turned on to compensate for the drop in the efficiency of aerodynamic rudders at supercritical angles of attack by controlling the engine thrust vector). The authors analyzed the probability of occurrence of spatial disorientation and various kinds of illusions during piloting in the super maneuverability mode.

The characteristics of the modern approach to the oxygen supply of the stages of medical evacuation and military hospitals are given. The main tactical and medical-technical characteristics of a mobile unit for receiving, accumulating (storing), delivering, distributing medical gaseous oxygen (MUPC-KBA-93) adopted for the supply of the Armed Forces are presented. The advantages of the method of short-cycle non-heating adsorption for obtaining medical oxygen, implemented in the installation, are shown. The results of studies on the registration of a new drug «Medical Oxygen, 93%» and the development of an advising pharmacopeial article are presented. The authors described the main parameters of the quality of this drug. The prospects for further experimental and clinical studies aimed at clarifying the features of the use of medical oxygen 93% are outlined. They conclude that the MUPK-KBA-93 installation made it possible to create a reliable and autonomous system for providing oxygen to medical stages of medical evacuation and military hospitals in the domestic military healthcare.

The results of the analysis of the organization and content of the work of the 71st military hospital (Buynaksk) for the reception, provision of medical care to various categories of the wounded and their evacuation to medical institutions of the 2nd and 3rd echelons during the counter-terrorist operation in the Republic of Dagestan (1999–2001). The features of the deployment of the hospital, the staffing structure before and after the outbreak of hostilities, the characteristics of the wounded and the volume of help provided are shown. The authors made a conclusion about the full compliance of the organization of the work of the hospital with the situation, the nature of the assigned tasks, and the opportunities. Modern conditions, in particular the possibility of aeromedical evacuation from a tactical combat zone, cause further scientific development of the problem.