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No 4 (2009)

Articles

Doppler study as a basic method in the evaluation of the maternal-placental-fetal system in pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome

Makarov O.V., Volkova E.V., Kozlov P.V., Ponimanskaya M.A., Makarov O.V., Volkova Y.V., Kozlov P.V., Ponimanskaya M.A.

Abstract

The authors analyze the data available in the literature on different forms of placental insufficiency and impaired placental blood flow in this pathology. Particular emphasis is placed on the interpretation of the results of Doppler study of the uterine artery, umbilical artery, fetal middle cerebral artery, and their prognostic value. The technique plays an important role in choosing an obstetric management procedure.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):3-5
pages 3-5 views

Premature amniorrhea in full-term pregnancy. Labor management principles

Savel'eva G.M., Karaganova E.Y., Karabanovich Y.V., Grabovskiy V.M., Tret'yakova M.V., Savelyeva G.M., Karaganova Y.Y., Karabanovich Y.V., Grabovsky V.M., Tretyakova M.V.

Abstract

A study was conducted in parturients with premature amniorrhea. In Group 1 (n = 257), labor was induced with oxytocin and ensaprost after a 3-16-hour amniotic fluid-free interval. In Group 2 (n = 299), delivery developed spontaneously within 17 hours after rupture of the amniotic fluid sac. In this group, spontaneous labor occurred in 95% while in Group 1 this did in 22.2%. In Group 1 neonates, the frequency of early neonatal complications was twice higher (19% versus 9%). The optimum waiting time to the onset of active actions was 10 hours. Thus, expectant labor management in premature amniorrhea has advantages over active intervention.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):6-10
pages 6-10 views

Endometrial hyperplasia: prospects for development of the problem

Chernukha G.E., Chernukha G.Y.

Abstract

The paper considers the present views of the classification, risk factors, pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for endometrial hyperplasia (EH), its association with the development of uterine mucosal cancer. The efficiency of different hormonal therapy options and regimens is comparatively evaluated in different forms of EH and information on the frequency of its recurrences is given. Whether it is expedient to revise and objectify a classification system, to search for molecular genetic predictors of EH and to develop objective methods for predicting its development and the occurrence of relapses is discussed. The necessity of working out a short- and long-term management programs is justified for patients, by keeping in mind their age, a form of EH, a wish to be pregnant.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):11-15
pages 11-15 views

Premature delivery

Radzinskiy V.E., Kostin I.N., Radzinsky V.Y., Kostin I.N.

Abstract

The general aspects of the impact of premature delivery on infantile mortality are considered and their risk factors discussed. Methods for predicting premature pregnancy interruption, suppressing uterine contractility, and preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are described. The conditions for premature labor management by vaginal and cesarean deliveries are briefly discussed.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):16-18
pages 16-18 views

Treatment for postmenopausal endometrial hyperplastic processes

Breusenko V.G., Savel'eva G.M., Golova Y.A., Mishieva O.I., Breusenko V.G., Savelyeva G.M., Golova Y.A., Mishiyeva O.I.

Abstract

The authors present their experience in prospectively following up patients with postmenopausal endometrial hyperplastic processes. Their treatments involved hormonal therapy, laparoscopic bilateral adnexectomy, hysterectomy, laser, balloon, and bipolar electrosurgical ablation of the endometrium. A differential approach was applied to choosing a treatment, by taking into account the pattern of endometrial pathology, a concomitant extragenital abnormality, and the endometrial receptor status. Endometrial ablation is the method of choice in treating endometrial polyps; hysterectomy is expedient in glandular hyperplasia. Hormonal therapy and endometrial ablation cannot avoid a relapse and a risk of endometrial cancer in somatic patients at high risk for complications from hysterectomy.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):19-23
pages 19-23 views

The prevention and early diagnosis of precancer and cancer of reproductive organs: Current capabilities

Ashrafyan L.A., Kiselev V.I., Ashrafyan L.A., Kiselev V.I.

Abstract

Based on the analysis of the causes of reproductive organ cancer death, the authors consider the optimal ways of its reduction. They justify two most significant lines: systemic pathogenetic prophylaxis and complex early diagnosis. Realization of these two lines requires that the organizational methodological principles of the primary obstetric-and-gynecological service -antenatal clinics be revised.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):24-29
pages 24-29 views

The specific features of management in the first trimester of pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization

Kapustina M.V., Serova O.F., Kapustina M.V., Serova O.F.

Abstract

The course of pregnancy was retrospectively analyzed in 105 women after in-vitro fertilization. In this group, approximately one half of the pregnant women were found to develop fetoplacental insufficiency and fetal growth retardation in late periods. In this connection, 22 women underwent ultrasonography for the development of early diagnostic and predictive criteria for primary fetoplacental insufficiency. The determination of chorionic volumes, vascularization index, and blood flow index was proposed to adjust the administered dose of progesterone. This examination and treatment method could reduce the frequency of complications and early reproductive losses by 2-2.5 times.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):30-32
pages 30-32 views

The reproductive system in patients with acromegaly

Pronin A.V., Kiryushchenkov A.P., Mel'nichenko G.A., Khokhlova I.D., Semenov N.S., Pronin V.S., Gitel' E.P., Pronin A.V., Kiryushchenkov A.P., Melnichenko G.A., Khokhlova I.D., Semenov N.S., Pronin V.S., Gitel Y.P.

Abstract

Fifty-two patients with acromegaly were examined. Their reproductive disorders were ascertained to be induced by the suppressed synthesis of gonadotrophin hormones due to the tumor compression of the adenohypophysis or to the direct action of excess insulin-like growth factor-I that stimulated hyperplastic processes in the target organs, such as ovaries, the glandular epithelium of the breast and myometrium. The pattern of sexual organ lesions in patients with acromegaly includes menstrual disturbances, infertility, menopause praecox, hyperplastic processes. Close monitoring of the reproductive system, early detection of neoplasias, and correction of existing disorders are required during therapy for the underlying disease.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):33-36
pages 33-36 views

Evaluation of the efficiency of thermal balloon ablation in the treatment of endometrial hyperplastic processes

Oboskalova T.A., Neff E.I., Glukhov E.Y., Plotko E.E., Abakumova E.I., Oboskalova T.A., Neff Y.I., Glukhov Y.Y., Plotko Y.E., Abakumova Y.I.

Abstract

One hundred and twenty-four women aged 36 to 66 years who had endometrial hyperplasia and concomitant extragenital diseases were examined. Thermal balloon ablation was used for their treatment. Following 6 months, there was amenorrhea in approximately 59% of the patients, monthly scanty blood discharge in 7%, and cyclic rare and scanty discharge in 33%. The authors consider thermal balloon ablation to be successfully used in uterine bleedings caused by endometrial hyperplastic processes in patients with severe extragenital diseases.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):37-40
pages 37-40 views

Endometrial proliferative activity in uterine myoma patients undergoing uterine arterial embolization

Litvinova N.A., Zadonskaya Y.N., Demura T.A., Ezhova L.S., Dobrokhotova Y.E., Litvinova N.A., Zadonskaya Y.N., Demura T.A., Yezhova L.S., Dobrokhotova Y.E.

Abstract

The paper presents data on the impact of uterine arterial embolization (UAE) on endometrial proliferative activity in premenopausal patients with uterine myoma and menstrual dysfunction. Thirty patients, of them 17 and 6 were diagnosed as having simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia, respectively, were followed up. The remaining 7 patients were detected to have the mucous membrane of the corpus uteri at the stage proliferation. Six months after UAE, endometrial hyperplastic changes were only in 5 patients. The results of the determination of expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the endometrium before and after UAE suggested the positive influence of the procedure on the mucous membrane of the corpus uteri. UAE reduces the risk of recurrent endometrial hyperplastic processes and requires, in most cases, no additional medical intervention.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):41-43
pages 41-43 views

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Species diversity and sensitivity to antimycotic agents

Mal'bakhova E.T., Arzumanyan V.G., Komissarova L.M., Karapetyan T.E., Malbakhova Y.T., Arzumanyan V.G., Komissarova L.M., Karapetyan T.Y.

Abstract

Forty-five pregnant women and 51 non-pregnant ones were examined in 2006-2007. Twelve yeast fungal isolates were obtained and identified on an exacerbation of vulvovaginal candidiasis during pregnancy. Only 2 (16.7%) cultures represented the yeast fungi Candida albicans. The data on the sensitivity of 29 yeast fungal isolates were obtained in both groups were compared with those on 48 isolates obtained in 1998-1999. There was a significant reduction in their sensitivity to azoles and an increase in their sensitivity to pimafucin.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):44-46
pages 44-46 views

Role of a perinatal center in reducing maternal and perinatal mortality in the Irkutsk Region

Protopopova N.V., Protopova N.V.

Abstract

The author considers the principles in the organization of a mother and child health service in the activities of a regional perinatal center. Its structure, function, and equipment are described. Particular emphasis is laid on the stages of medical care delivery and on the role of mobile teams from the perinatal center. Organizing a uniform perinatal service could reduce maternal mortality from 109.9 per 100 000 live births in 1993 to 17.1 in 2007 and perinatal mortality from 11.1 to 2.6% per 1,000 live and dead births.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):47-49
pages 47-49 views

Dynamic magnetic therapy in the complex rehabilitative treatment of bacterial vaginosis in girls from a group of frequently ill children

Andreeva V.O., Bolotova N.V., Vladimirova E.V., Raygorodskiy Y.M., Andreyeva V.O., Bolotova N.V., Vladimirova Y.V., Raigorodsky Y.M.

Abstract

The efficiency of transcranial and local magnetic therapy for bacterial vaginosis was studied in a group of frequently ill girls as an alternative to systemic drug therapy. Sixty-eight frequently ill girls aged 2-15 years (mean age 7.4 years) who had bacterial vaginosis were followed up. Physical examination, pH-metry, bacterioscopy, cardiointervalography, enzyme immunoassay, and spectrometry were used. Incorporation of transcranial and local magnetic therapy into complex treatment in girls with bacterial vaginosis enhances the body's protective reserves and permits avoidance of systemic drug therapy, by preserving a high therapeutic efficiency (f90%). The proposed procedure using an AMUS-01 INTRAMAG apparatus with an OGOLOVYE attachment in the complex treatment of bacterial vaginosis in girls is effective and causes no adverse reactions.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):50-54
pages 50-54 views

Current approaches to antibacterial therapy for urinary tract infections in pregnant women

Rafal'skiy V.V., Chilova R.A., Ostroumova M.V., Savratskiy A.A., Rafalsky V.V., Chilova R.A., Ostroumova M.V., Savratsky A.A.

Abstract

The paper gives data on the prevalence and spectrum of the causative agents of urinary tract infections in pregnant women, their resistance to antibiotics and the specific features of using the latter.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):55-58
pages 55-58 views

Evaluation of the efficacy of estrovel in the treatment of the menopausal syndrome and concomitant estrogen-dependent diseases in perimenopausal women

Khamad'yanov U.R., Saubanova T.V., Khamad'yanova S.U., Khamadyanov U.R., Saubanova T.V., Khamadyanova S.U.

Abstract

The authors present data on the efficiency of using hormonal replacement therapy and the biologically active additive estrovel in the climacteric syndrome. The additive has been found to abolish the symptoms of mild and moderate menopausal syndrome.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):59-61
pages 59-61 views

Fetal traumatic damages at cesarean delivery and measures of their prevention

Chernukha E.A., Komissarova L.M., Anan'ev E.V., Chernukha Y.A., Komissarova L.M., Ananyev Y.V.

Abstract

The paper describes fetal damages (skin damages, hip fracture, skull fracture, cephalic hematoma) and their prevention, by taking into account risk factors of possible traumatism.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):62-63
pages 62-63 views

The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Therapeutics, Russian State Medical University, is 100 year old

Kerchelaeva S.B., Slasten O.P., Makarov O.V., Kerchelayeva S.B., Slasten O.P., Makarov O.V.

Abstract

The paper deals with the 100th anniversary of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Therapeutics, Russian State Medical University, which is one of the oldest departments in our country. It gives biographic information on the founders of the department, the leading Russian obstetricians-gynecologists, who headed the latter in different years: N. I. Pobedinky, I. L. Braude, I. F. Zhordania, L. S. Persianinov, G. M. Savelyeva, and other. It shows the basic areas of researches and developments to be under way by the researchers of the department.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009;(4):64-67
pages 64-67 views
pages 71-72 views

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