卷 73, 编号 8 (2024)

Introduction. The work presents the results of a comprehensive study of the grass of Bidens frondosa L. of the family Asteraceae, growing on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea.

Objective: to carry out phytochemical screening of the main groups of biologically active substances and quantitative determination by methods of spectrophotometry and HPLC.

Material and methods. The plant material is represented by dried air-shadow grass of the Bidens frondosa L. (September 2020 and 2022). Samples of herbarium collected by the authors are at the Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytotherapy of Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical institute.

Results. Complex studies have been carried out, including the determination of commodity quality indicators of aerial organs Bidens frondosa L. Determination of humidity in the raw material content is 9.9%. The definition of common ash is 7.3%. The ash content, insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid solution, is 7%. In alcohol and aqueous extracts of herbs Bidens frondosa L. have been found: flavonoids, polysaccharides and tannins. UV spectrophotometry and HPLC were used to quantify the flavonoid sum content. The amount of flavonoids per routine in alcohol extraction was 3.13%. The herb B. frondosa contains gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, luteolin-7-glycoside and quercetin. The substance whose content is greatest in the raw material is unknown. Presumably, this compound is Okanin from the group of chalcons. Probably, this compound has such a pronounced anti-allergic effect.

Conclusion. The phytochemical analysis of the main groups of biologically active substances of the olic sequence of grass was conducted. During the work, the presence of flavonoids, polysaccharides and tannins was determined. The quantitative content of flavonoids, сhalcons and polysaccharides is determined.

Introduction. In spite of many years of experience herbal medicines for the treatment of various diseases remain relevant and in demand due to the combination of effectiveness, safety and efficiency. In the production of herbal medicines extracts obtained from plant raw materials are used on the pharmaceutical substance. Complex processing of plant raw materials is one of the ways to achieve economic efficiency of production, which is an important aspect in the development of herbal preparations.

The aim of the study: to develop the complex processing technology of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill fruits using the cascade extraction method in order to obtain a plant extract as a pharmaceutical substance.

Material and methods. Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. fruits were collected between October and November 2022 in “Sila Dolmena”Ltd (Gelendzhik, Russian Federation). Extraction Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. fruits was carried out on the laboratory module of the Cascade type, using battery extractors and a rotary evaporator. The following were used as extractants: liquefied subcritical carbon dioxide, 70 and 40% ethyl alcohol and purification water, which are necessary for the extraction of both lipophilic and hydrophilic components.

Results. A technology for complex processing of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. fruits by the cascade extraction method has been developed. The essence of the technology is in the sequential extraction of fruits with various extractants. By doing so, four extracts were obtained and standardized with the aim to obtain the final polyextract of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. fruits. The kinetics of plant biologically active substances extraction was studied. Subcritical carbon dioxide extraction was used to extract lipophilic components. Flavonoids were extracted with 70% ethyl alcohol, and triterpene saponins – with 40% ethyl alcohol. The polysaccharide complex was extracted with purified water. The content of biologically active substances in the extracts obtained using extractants with successively increasing polarity was studied.

Conclusion. The complex processing technology allows extracting a wide range of biologically active substances from plant raw materials. The final polyextract permits to combine all biologically active components of the Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. fruits in one medicinal product in order to expand the spectrum of its pharmacological activity. The work was carried out in accordance with the topic of the research project FGUU-2022-0011 of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants".

Introduction. During the coronavirus pandemic, due to the current situation in the pharmaceutical sector of the economy, specialists from a number of departments of pharmaceutical companies were forced to switch completely or partially to remote work. This transformation has necessitated the need to adapt the employee performance assessment systems that have developed in organizations, including revising the list of indicators and criteria. However, to date there are no unified scientifically based methods for assessing the labor efficiency of specialists, based on the selection and measurement of criteria that take into account the characteristics of both the external and internal environment of the organizational structures of pharmaceutical organizations, including those forced to work in unfavorable epidemiological conditions. The proposed methodological approach based on the use of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) will allow the management of a pharmaceutical company to create a more balanced and flexible assessment system that stimulates both individual achievements and teamwork, as well as to form an intelligent analytical basis for making management decisions that bring the company closer to its organizational goals.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of the employee performance assessment system that has developed in a pharmaceutical company and to justify the effectiveness of using KPIs in an unfavorable epidemiological situation (using the example of the sales department).

Material and methods. The evaluation study is based on primary data from reports of pharmaceutical companies and data from a survey of 20 sales employees in pharmaceutical companies using a developed questionnaire.

Results. A system for evaluating the work of employees in the sales department of a pharmaceutical company based on KPIs is proposed using three table layouts that allow ratings to be translated into a 10-point scale out of 100 possible. The assessment is carried out according to two main criteria: 1) achievement of sales volume and 2) implementation of the plan for the target product, taking into account the quality of the employee’s work, confirmed by his immediate supervisor. This approach will create a more balanced and flexible assessment system in the organization, stimulating both individual achievements and teamwork.

Conclusion. As part of the study, proposals were developed for the development of KPIs for the criteria for assessing the work of specialists of a pharmaceutical company in an unfavorable epidemiological situation.

Introduction. One of the characteristic features for the modern pharmaceutical market in conditions of economic and political instability is a high level competition among its participants. Competition among pharmacy organizations has a dominant role, where a competent approach to managing the product assortment is important. Supervisors’ main task is to use optimal combinations of methods for analyzing the product portfolio aimed at efficient assortment building under a waste of minor resources.

Objective. The aim of the research was to systematize the methods for studying the trade matrix and to select their rational combinations within the bounds of assortment policy development in a pharmacy organization.

Material and methods. The study was carried through content analysis of science textbooks on a given topic. In order to assess the frequency of the methods considered and their possible integrations in publications, an electronic resource eLibrary.ru was used. The analysis of publications frequency in the frame of the pharmaceutical market was carried by filtering such keywords as “pharmacy”, “medicinal preparation/ drug”, etc.

Results. Having conducted a literature review, we classified the methods for analyzing the assortment of a pharmacy organization into two groups: a market one (based on the calculation of economic evaluation) and a conceptual one (aimed at development of an assortment management strategy). Balanced combinations of methods were described (both within the same classification group and from different groups). Having assessed the methods frequency within the frame of publications, we found out that a number of integrations had a low frequency rate despite their rational use, which indicated the relevance of these combinations active implementation into the work of pharmacy organizations.

Conclusion. Thus, in order to conduct a full analysis of the assortment and to adapt to the internal and external environment factors, it is rational for the administrative management of pharmacy organizations to use a set of methods while choosing complementary combinations. This allows you to include into the analysis a larger number of parameters for a more comprehensive study and a “working” assortment building.

Introduction. This article discusses the basic physico-chemical properties of melanins, their biosynthesis, and the potential for their use in medicine. As a result of the review, based on a number of scientific studies, it was revealed that melanins are characterized by a wide range of biological activity. They have photoprotective, radioprotective, immunomodulatory, stress-protective, antioxidant, detoxification and anti-inflammatory effects. The presented information indicates the promising use of melanins in medical practice in the treatment of diseases of the immune, central nervous, cardiovascular systems, and some oncological diseases.

The purpose of the study was to review the Russian and foreign literature on melanins, their biosynthesis, functional properties and prospects for their use in medicine.

Methods. content analysis of scientific publications to identify the structure, biosynthesis, and biopharmacological properties of melanins in the databases: CyberLeninka, eLibrary, PubMed, Article, SAGE Premier, Scopus over the past 12 years (2013–2024); comparative analysis of various properties of melanins based on current scientific literature data

Conclusion. The information obtained and the justification of the prospects for the use of melanins in clinical practice allow us to speak about the relevance of the development of formulations and technology for the production of drugs based on it, including in the form of combined drugs with a multifunctional effect in various dosage forms. Melanin nanoparticles are promising as a multifunctional nanoplatform for use in oncology, cardiology and restorative medicine.