Russian Journal of Innovation Economics

Cross-border cooperation is a priority direction of the state foreign economic policy. The article presents the results of a study on the role of digitalization in the development of cross-border cooperation. It shows that the platform approach, together with digital technology, is now firmly at the forefront of public service development worldwide, including international cooperation. Cross-border cooperation has not been neglected. The concept of a cross-border cooperation service with implementation on the portal of public services of Samara region, designed for seamless interaction of participants, allowing foreign citizens to receive useful services and information about the Russian side, is proposed. The results of the study will be useful both for scientists dealing with problems of cross-border interaction and for public authorities. Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR and FRLC, project number 21-510-23002.

The article examines the possibilities for the implementation in African countries of the provisions of the sustainable energy concept set within the framework of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal No. 7. The analysis of trends in the global movement of foreign direct investments and the activities of multinational enterprises in terms of locations and key performance indicators is carried out. In the context of the subregions of Africa, the conditions for the receipt of foreign direct investments are summarized; and the main projects implemented with their participation are presented. The author concludes that it is necessary to attract capital and technological resources from abroad to the energy sector of African countries. This will ensure the activities of hydroelectric power plants and innovative companies for the production of green hydrogen and green ammonia, desalination of water using solar energy and similar innovative facilities. The modernization of coal-fired thermal power plants in South Africa is of particular interest within the framework of sustainable energy. It is planned to apply Russian technology in the course of such modernization.

At the end of the first quarter of the 21st century, the South Pacific countries have faced the consequences of a number of problems that are global in nature. These are the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, disruptions to global supply chains, and the effects of climate change. Due to the region’s heavy dependence on external demand, the South Pacific economy has been severely affected by these and other related problems. The expansionary economic policies of the governments and central banks of the South Pacific countries, international aid and lending supported the region. Nevertheless, at present, the South Pacific countries continue to face economic, environmental and other challenges that pose obstacles to medium-term growth and development. In this study, the author characterizes the economic landscape of a number of the South Pacific countries (Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tonga, and Vanuatu). The article presents an assessment of the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the South Pacific countries. The measures taken by the state policy aimed at restoring the South Pacific economy in the post-pandemic period are considered. The medium-term challenges to the economic growth of the South Pacific countries caused by the high level of public debt and climate change are analyzed. The article will be of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of the South Pacific development, as well as to anyone interested in international economic relations.

The article gives an overview of theoretical researches on innovative development. It is shown that innovative development is considered as a strategy of advanced development, an innovative breakthrough strategy, a modernization strategy, a model of economic development based on innovation, the process of transition to an innovative type of economy, systemic development based on the use of fundamentally new technology, intellectualization of production, a mechanism of systemic reproduction based on innovation, timely change of obsolete technology and production cycles, etc. The article presents the semantic core and the authors' interpretation of the concept of innovative development of the country. The conceptual apparatus of innovative development is updated. The directions of evaluation of innovative development in the context of the state are outlined. The peculiarities of China's innovative development are revealed. The causes of the Chinese miracle are analyzed. The problems of the importance of education, science, patenting and inventive activity are examined. The aspects of scientific and technological development of both large giants and the state as a whole are reflected. The results of the country's development are summarized; and the prospects for its further functioning are outlined. The key issues for future research related to problems of states' innovative development are identified.

One of the sources of financing the national economy is the attraction of foreign direct investments, which is practiced in many countries of the world. The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities and directions of investment cooperation between Russia and China in the new geopolitical conditions. In accordance with the theory of internalization, the factors influencing the choice of investment partners are described. It is shown that Russia is an attractive investment destination for Chinese investors. The most attractive areas of investment cooperation between Russia and China, including in the field of green economy, scientific research and technological innovation, have been identified. The factors hindering the further expansion of investment cooperation between our countries are considered; and ways to attract Chinese investments to Russia within the framework of the Belt and Road project are formulated.

Significant changes in the global economy caused by the unstable geopolitical situation and extraordinary macroeconomic conditions dictate the need to create new approaches to analytics. One of the most volatile components of cross-border capital flows is direct foreign investments. The authors analyzed current trends and approaches to forecasting of direct foreign investments. As result of the research, a model based on modern mathematical methods was developed. This article presents and describes the architecture of intelligent forecasting of foreign direct investment based on the compositional method of machine learning. The authors highlight the key advantages of the developed approach in comparison with traditional forecasting methods.

This article discusses the implementation of a new monetary circulation system using electronic currency. The introduction of the Central Bank Digital Currency implies a transition to digital payment and settlement systems managed by central banks. The study includes a study of the phased development of plans for the introduction of Japan's digital currency. The specific purpose of the study was to identify the features of the introduction and use of the Bank of Japan's digital currency. In the course of the research, the author set and solved certain tasks, which include analyzing strategic plans to study the functionality of the digital currency of central banks, studying the features of the development of the Digital Yen of the Bank of Japan, and highlighting the prospects for the introduction of a new digital currency on the financial platform of the Bank of Japan. With the help of this analysis, the features of how the country under study is gradually introducing a digital currency within its financial system have been identified. Based on the experience of Japan, the relevant functions of the Central Bank of the state were considered, which in their essence are the foundation for the introduction of the Central Bank Digital Currency, not only in a single country, but also in the world. Solving the problems of digitalization of the currency and monetary system, according to the experience of Japan, the author identified the features of the Central Bank Digital Currency as a new instrument of financial interaction between economic entities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the status and content of the concept of technological development of the Russian Federation until 2030, which is of fundamental importance for ensuring the achievement of technological sovereignty. Attention is focused on the definition of the intentions of implementation of the concept of technological development as a factor of motivation to action in achieving the goals of technological development. Intentions are mechanisms for the implementation of technological development goals, in which activities are grouped that determine the intended actions and differ in their imperative and resultant nature. The author concludes that there are signs of consistency of intentions to implement the concept of technological development. At the same time, it is emphasized that the consistency of intentions is based on the concept of the power of intentions, which ensures the implementation of the trajectory of actions and reduces the gap between intentions and actions. The intentions containing updated (taking into account certain deviations from the previously established rules) and fundamentally new (taking into account the right to risk) approaches to technological development are presented. The article may be useful for government officials, businessmen, students and postgraduates, as well as anyone interested in technological development.

Based on the study of the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the digital economy, the legal and methodological foundations of strategic state management of industry as one of the key sectors of the domestic economy, the authors analyzed the state monitoring system of the Russian industry digital maturity. The best international practice of ensuring economic security, a client-centric approach to meeting public needs and new information technology are reflected in the activities of public administration bodies when choosing tools for implementing strategic priorities. Structural digital transformation of key sectors of the national economy as one of the goals of strategic public administration in Russia is carried out. The challenges and risks of the new technological mode are taken into account. Monitoring of the digital transformation of industry is linked to a Single Plan to Achieve National Development Goals until 2030 based on information relevant technological solutions. Despite the creation of state monitoring of industry as a modern system with new service content and functions, the problems of a set of indicators for monitoring the level of digital maturity of medium and small businesses, the use of departmental information systems by federal authorities for the implementation of the strategic goal "Digital Transformation" remain unsolved. In the scientific article, the authors propose measures to adjust indicators when assessing the level of digital maturity of domestic industrial companies and directions for improving state information systems.

The article discusses the problems of adapting industrial business models to the conditions of digital economy. The necessity and importance of sustainability and business continuity management are substantiated. The article takes into account the expanding boundaries and magnitude of the impact of digital risks and threats at all stages of the industrial company lifecycle. Based on the classical description of the structure of business models, an interpretation of the directions of their improvement is proposed. The realities of Industry 4.0 are taken into account. On the basis of current regulatory documents of quality management, the key elements of ensuring the sustainability and continuity of the organization's activities are analyzed. The authors hare integrated these elements into a generalized structural model of the sustainability of an industrial company. A conceptual logical scheme for the transformation of the business model of an industrial company in the context of ensuring the sustainability and continuity of business in the digital economy, visualized in the ARIS tool environment, has been developed. The results obtained can serve as a basis for the development of theoretical and methodological provisions and the practice of business continuity management in the context of Industry 4.0. Acknowledgments: The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-28-00489 "Development of business models of the industrial sector in the context of digital transformation challenges", https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-00489/

The existing approaches to assessing the effectiveness of innovation activity at different levels of the economy are considered. A system of indicators of innovation activity has been developed, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of innovation processes at the industry level. The values of these indicators for medium-tech manufacturing industries of the Russian Federation are calculated. Economic and mathematical modeling using a cluster analysis tool based on the proposed indicators is carried out. The general characteristics and differentiations in the structure of the efficiency of innovation activity of medium-tech manufacturing industries of the Russian Federation with the allocation of typological groups of industries are revealed. Conclusions about the practical applicability of the proposed approach in terms of instrumental monitoring of the effectiveness of innovation processes and management decision-making are drawn.

The article deals with the issues of industrial and spatial development of territories depending on the costs of technological innovation. The analysis of industrial-territorial and innovative development in the context of the introduction of digital technology made it possible to conclude that spatial and industrial development is largely due to activities based on the dissemination of science and innovation. The study also provides a correlation analysis of the relationship between the number of publications by Russian authors on the problems of the digital economy in the Scopus indexing system and indicators of spending on technological innovation in the Russian Federation. On the basis of the established dependencies, a corresponding development trend is built. This trend characterizes the increase in the index of production growth. The conducted research and calculations have shown that the development of science and the introduction of digital technology have a significant impact on the technological improvement of production in Russia and the regions. Further introduction of innovation in design and research activities contributes to the development of territories. Approaches within the framework of the study of the peculiarities of the development of the Russian Federation are applicable to similar assessments of the regions, while special attention should be paid to science as a source of development of ideas for industrial and spatial planning.

This article is devoted to the development of an economic and mathematical model for ensuring optimal financing of sustainable energy projects implemented in the Arctic on the basis of public-private partnership in the organization of an industrial , manufacturing, and producing cluster. As a basic assumption, the following thesis is put forward. The implementation of the state policy for the energy development of the Arctic is possible in the form of a state target program implemented with budgetary, extra-budgetary, and private funds. The article proposes an economic and mathematical model of the optimal policy of sustainable development of industrial companies and the industrial complex, which takes into account the parameters and priorities of this development in the Arctic.

At the present stage of development, the world economy continues to rethink the need to introduce the concept of sustainable development into the activities of corporations, aimed at using an interdisciplinary approach, taking into account a combination of environmental, social and managerial factors. The process of integration of ESG factors is often slow and not without difficulties. Among other things, this is due to the problems of calculating ESG rankings, which are often incomparable and, as a result, prevent obtaining objective indicators of the involvement of economic entities in the process of implementing the principles of sustainable development. The problem of ESG rankings divergence is complex. It is recognized by experts at the international level and needs scientific justification of the sources of its occurrence, including issues of theory and methodology of assessment, the formation of a regulatory and resource base, as well as possible ways to solve it. The presented research was based on foreign and domestic materials devoted to the theory and practice of ESG data processing. Within the framework of this article, the authors identified and systematized the reasons for the divergence of ESG rankings, proposed their own interpretation of the concept of harmonization of ESG rankings and a step-by-step approach to the process of harmonization of ESG rankings. The developed recommendations can contribute to achieving convergence in the calculation of ESG indicators and interest all participants in the ESG transformation process at the national level, including ranking agencies, domestic corporations, investors, etc. All this will ultimately contribute to the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in Russia.

In Russia, the development of innovative business is an important factor in ensuring economic security. Small and medium-sized businesses are able to create the latest technology that form the basis for the strategic development of the region and the country as a whole. The innovative potential of the business is not used enough, since companies do not have the necessary amount of resources. Small and medium-sized businesses need targeted support, first of all, from the state authorities. The article analyzes the factors of endogenous and exogenous nature that determine the innovative business activity. The problems and prospects of development of the northern territory on the example of Nizhnevartovsk are considered. During the analysis, problems and tasks were identified. Within the framework of these problems and tasks, it is necessary to support innovation activity in order to improve the business climate and maintain growth trends and development of small and medium-sized businesses. The results of the study will be of interest to representatives of the federal and regional levels of government, whose activities are related to innovation processes in the region.

The main approaches to the assessment of innovative projects presented in the article differ from the existing directions by a new set of indicators. They allow not only to determine the economic efficiency of the proposed innovative changes, but also to analyze the degree of the company's readiness for innovative changes and to assess the availability of the company's resources during the innovative development. Author's approach is based on the concept of survivability, as a special ability of the system to maintain the ability to implement basic functions even under the influence of disturbances and risks. They accompany the whole set of innovative changes in view of the heterogeneity of the transformation of the components of production potential, the degree of balance of management decisions and the peculiarities of replacing the elements of these components in the course of innovative development. The author considers the prerequisites for the emergence of a new approach in assessing innovative approaches, its relevance and difference from existing ones, characterizes new components and identifies the main points of application and promotion of the methodology as a tool of modern risk management. The methodological developments proposed in the article may be of interest to domestic and foreign scientists who deal with the problems of analyzing and evaluating innovative projects and determining their effectiveness.

The development of digital technology contributes to the increasingly rapid integration of sharing economy platforms into current socio-economic and organizational relations, significantly transforming the nature of their implementation. At the same time, the role of trust, cultural characteristics, mentality, and attitude to solving certain problems in the development of the sharing economy is discussed very briefly in the scientific literature. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the influence of the informal institutional environment on the development of the sharing economy. The article presents an approach to assessing the sharing economy based on platform traffic analysis using the Semrush analytical service. Hypotheses about the influence of trust in society, trust in business, the level of individualism, and uncertainty avoidance on the development of the sharing economy are formulated and tested. The study used the method of data standardization, correlation, and regression analysis. It is shown that the most significant factor is the level of individualism, as well as the general level of socio-economic development of the country. The theoretical significance of the results obtained lies in identifying the characteristics of the influence of the informal institutional environment on the development of sharing economies. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the obtained data to determine trends in the development of the sharing economy.

Amidst the global digitalization of the economic space, the hospitality and tourism industry is one of the most promising sectors of the economy in the context of the introduction and widespread of new forms and types of digital technologies. In this regard, digital transformation is becoming the main trend determining the vector of development of the hospitality and tourism industry. This study identifies the advantages of digital technology in increasing the innovation activity and efficiency of the tourism business. The directions of application and types of digital technologies and services in the hospitality and tourism industry are analyzed. The expediency of digital ecosystems based on the creation of a single information space that unites all stakeholders of the hospitality and tourism industry is substantiated. The high efficiency of innovative ecosystems is emphasized. It consists in a powerful synergetic effect from the interaction of stakeholders in the industry, as well as in better meeting the needs of tourists. Acknowledgments: The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Moscow State Technical University.

Many fishing organizations are using both outdated technology and innovative equipment because of the significant capital investment required to implement innovation, which is often difficult to access. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the impact of innovation activity on increasing the economic effect, which is expressed in the growth of production of fish products with high quality properties and characteristics, cost reduction, profit increase, etc. The article analyzes statistical data on the dynamics of investments in the fixed assets and sources of financing of capital investments in the fishing industry of Primorsky Krai. An example of one of the large companies of the fisheries complex is considered. An assessment of the impact of innovation on the effectiveness of production activities, indicators of financial and investment efficiency is given. The economic effect of the innovation introduction using the annuity method is determined. The specifics of the company's activities is taken into account. The article deserves the attention of the heads of fishing organizations to analyze the prospects for improving the efficiency of core activities when introducing innovation.

The research is aimed at solving the problem of assessing the quality of public and municipal services, in particular, at developing effective methods for evaluating the work of multifunctional centers, which is important for increasing citizens' satisfaction with interaction with authorities. The study examines the theoretical aspects of the quality of public services, as well as methodological approaches to assessing the comfort of multifunctional centers in St. Petersburg. The authors propose a system of parameters for assessing the comfort of receiving public services, consisting of parameters for evaluating the organization of the service provision process, as well as parameters for evaluating the service provision process. The results of surveys of visitors and employees of multifunctional centers in St. Petersburg, aimed at identifying key parameters and criteria of comfort, are of particular value. Based on the data obtained, the authors propose a system of parameters for assessing the comfort of multifunctional centers, which is the basis for developing a typology of multifunctional centers according to the criterion of comfort of receiving services. The conclusions presented in the article can serve as a basis for the development of measures to improve the work of multifunctional centers, as well as to improve existing approaches to assessing the comfort of providing public services. The article will be of interest to a wide range of specialists: experts in the field of public administration and local self-government, managers and specialists of multifunctional centers, as well as researchers studying various aspects of improving the quality of public and municipal services.

The research conducted in the article is devoted to the study of methodological approaches to identifying sustainable innovation as a separate independent category. Modern conditions require constant improvement and introduction of new processes, products and business models to ensure long-term competitiveness and financial viability. The author analyzes the historical conditions for the emergence of sustainable innovation from traditional one. The characteristics of social and environmental innovation and their interrelationship are considered. At the same time, special attention is paid to the impact of sustainable innovation, achieving synergy from its development and implementation. It is based on achieving a \"triple win\" by simultaneously achieving economic, social and environmental effects. The article proposes a scheme for the emergence of sustainable innovation as a new economic category. This scheme reflects the main essence of the new economic category and is based on a combination of the processes implemented by the company and the balance of their results. The methodological developments proposed in the article may be of interest to domestic and foreign scientists dealing with the development and implementation of sustainable innovation.

In the context of the intellectualization of the world economy, it is important to understand the significance of the impact of intellectual property products on macroeconomic indicators, for which a scientifically based assessment tool is needed. However, due to the inconsistency of methodological provisions relating to the measurement of various components of the intellectual property products, such constructions have not been properly developed. In the context of the orientation of the state policy of the Russian Federation to achieve technological sovereignty through restructuring of the economy, the disclosure of the potential of intellectual property products becomes particularly acute. An intellectual property system that is resistant to external challenges and that guarantees the achievement of technological sovereignty becomes an important strategic resource and an effective tool for economic development. The article discusses the prospect of developing new methodological solutions that allow the most reliable assessment of the contribution of intellectual property products to the economic development of Russia. The authors' developments on the adjustment of the gross domestic product indicator, taking into account the capitalization of individual components represented in the group of intellectual property products, are presented. The results obtained serve as the basis for solving an important methodological problem: improving methodological tools for measuring the impact of economic turnover of intellectual property products on gross domestic product. The research results are focused on improving information support for restructuring of the economy. The material is aimed at specialists in the field of economic forecasting and intellectual property management. Acknowledgments: The study was carried out within the framework of RD No. 123031700060-9.

The article is devoted to the risk analysis of the artificial intelligence application. Artificial intelligence technologies are growing in importance as they increasingly become a general purpose technology in the 21st century. However, their use creates great risks for all market participants. The authors distinguish two time periods in the study: the short-term period and the long-term period, focusing on the first one. In the short term, the following risks of the artificial intelligence application are identified. They are as follows: deformation of the existing labor market and increased inequality between countries, regions, and industries; risks of concentration of artificial intelligence markets; risks of scaling the daily harm that can be caused on the Internet through the spread of fake news, defrauding people of money, and distorting election campaigns; security risks for companies; and risks of overvaluation of large language models. The authors pay special attention to the development and proposal of measures to prevent or reduce the negative consequences of using large language models. The results of the scientific research may be useful to specialists in the field of artificial intelligence, scientists whose area of scientific interest is the study of identifying and preventing risks in the use of artificial intelligence technology.

The aim of the research is to assess and analyze the relationship between individual indicators of digitalization, human capital and energy efficiency at the national level. Correlation and regression analysis tools were used as methods. There are certain gaps in the analysis and assessment of the impact of human and digital factors on the energy intensity of GDP. Moreover, these aspects are currently undergoing active changes due to factors of a political rather than an economic nature. The article presents the dynamics of indicators characterizing the processes of human capital use, digitalization, and GDP energy intensity for the period 2014-2021. The conclusion about similar trends, mainly tending to growth, is made. It is revealed that these indicators have a high strength of connection with both the total value of GDP and its energy intensity. Two regression equations are constructed. The impact of both investments in technological areas and the labor productivity index on GDP has been proved. It has also been shown that the labor productivity index does not influence the energy intensity of GDP. It is suggested that the pace of adaptation of human capital to the needs of the economy is lagging behind. It is concluded that it is difficult to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals to reduce the overall level of energy intensity in the near future. The continuation of this research is seen in the study of the experience of individual regions in order to identify the best practices. This study can be used in the future by researchers and representatives of public and municipal authorities for planning and analyzing social and demographic regional and national processes.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between the Nature Index and the indicators of Russian universities. The mutual influence of university indicators and Nature Index as the level of innovation activity of universities is revealed. The level of interrelation between the indicators of Russian universities and the Nature Index data is determined. A correlation analysis between the indicators of leading Russian and international universities and a number of indices was carried out. In the course of the study, a wide range of general scientific methods were used, including system, statistical and correlation analysis, as well as graphical interpretation of data. To classify higher education organizations according to the author\'s indicator, a cluster analysis was carried out. The article reveals the links between the indicators of Russian universities and the indicators of the Nature Index. The correlation coefficients between the Nature Index data and the level of funding of leading Russian and international universities, as well as the degree of interdependence, are presented. This article extends previous research in the field by analyzing universities from the Nature Index and identifying significant relationships between the Nature Index data and university indicators, emphasizing the importance of the Hirsch Index for the innovation activity of the university at the core of the RSCI and the need to improve the quality of incoming applicants, the development of international cooperation and the growth of the potential of scientific and pedagogical staff to improve innovation activity in universities. The article is of interest to researchers of innovative activity of Russian universities, whose sphere of interests includes cause-and-effect relationships of the effectiveness of innovative activity of universities. In addition, the conclusions of the article can be useful for the top management of universities to achieve the goals of improving the efficiency of innovation activities.

The reconstruction of the domestic scientific instrumentation is one of the priorities of the scientific and production policy. Its solution involves studying the past and current situation in this industry, the consequences of the transition to the market and related changes in the technological base of science. In the article, these phenomena are considered based on the specifics of science as a type of activity, reflected in the features of the production of scientific instruments: its small scalability, the variability of the nomenclature, and the need to maintain a technological reserve. It is shown that the shortage of scientific instruments is historically inherent in Russian science. Changes in the composition, structure and specialization of companies that were previously part of the USSR Ministry of Natural Resources and academic instrumentation organizations are traced. A general assessment of the measures taken in recent years to restore scientific instrumentation is given. Their tactical orientation to the detriment of the strategic one is noted. The article will be of interest to specialists in the field of economics of science and innovation, production management and scientific instrumentation.