卷 11, 编号 3 (2021)

The article examines the conflicts between Russia and the Republic of Belarus in the oil and gas sector, presents their background, dynamics and consequences (2004-2019). The authors examine the historical, political and economic relations between the two states. The analysis of some treaties contributing to the development of integration of Russia and Belarus in the Eurasian space is carried out. Against the background of unfolding integration, conflict tensions are growing in relations between the two states in the economic and political sphere. The article presents the true interests, motives and strategy of behavior of Russia and the Republic of Belarus in the oil and gas conflict. Based on the full identification of the interests and motives of the two parties, the authors propose an alternative way to resolve this conflict. When studying the specifics of conflict relations between Russia and the Republic of Belarus, the authors used the systemic and institutional approaches, the case study method. Particular attention is paid to the specifics and nature of the course of conflicts. It is emphasized that the core of this conflict between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus is based on the economic problems of bilateral relations between Russia and Belarus in the field of oil and gas supplies. The purpose of the study is to determine an alternative way of resolving the conflict between Russia and the Republic of Belarus, based on the full identification of the interests and motives of the parties. Against the backdrop of unfolding integration, conflict tensions are growing in relations between the two states, not only in the economic but also in the political sphere. The article describes the true interests, motives and strategy of behavior of Russia and the Republic of Belarus in this conflict. Russia’s interests boil down to obtaining a high cost for the production and export of oil, to deepening the integration of the EAEU member states. The Republic of Belarus is interested in raising prices for oil and gas transit through its territory, as well as in developing a multilateral foreign policy, not limited only to cooperation with Russia and the EAEU countries. The lack of results of long-term bilateral negotiations on this issue shows the need to find alternative options for its resolution. The authors see the solution to the problem in mediation. The involvement of qualified conflict experts, professional mediators, lawyers will help not only to reduce the dissatisfaction of the conflicting parties, but also to develop a plan of joint actions.

With the formal implementation of the Foreign Investment Law, a multi-level dispute settlement mechanism targeted at disputes has been formed. Under the background of the implementation of the foreign investment law, diversified investment dispute settlement is forming and will go through innovation, especially under the background of open-up investment dispute settlement mechanism. Multi-level investment disputes relate to both domestic and international level, “wall” function for international investment dispute settlement mechanism may realize through the principle of exhaustion of local remedies.

In the context of globalization, there are new trends of evolution in the world economy. This article has reviewed the structure of the world economy, which is gradually transforming from a center-periphery economy model focused on developed countries into a more complex dual-circulation model. According to the model of the global dual value chain, China occupies an intermediate position and is a key link in the global dual-circulation chain between developed and developing countries, which determines its role between the upper and lower levels of the system.

The article discusses the problems arising from the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in the solution of certain industry problems. The processes occurring in society when making decisions using artificial intelligence technologies are analyzed. The aim of the study is to establish a list of problematic aspects, the solution of which from a legal point of view will help to minimize violations of human rights and freedoms when using artificial intelligence technologies. The need to determine the main directions for the development of international and national legislation in the context of the development of digitalization and the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in various spheres of life. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that in the system of international and national legislation it is necessary to maintain a balance with the necessary development based on the observance of ethical standards in the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies.

The purpose of the study. The article examines the problems of including electronic justice in the judicial activity in extreme conditions and the possibility of its implementation in the practice of protecting the constitutional rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities in Russia and abroad. It is determined that, in accordance with UN General Assembly Resolution No. 74/306, adopted on September 11, 2020 at the 64th plenary meeting of the 74th session, “Comprehensive and coordinated responses to the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19)”, States must ensure that all human rights are respected, protected and respected in the fight against the pandemic in full compliance with their obligations and obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law, which follows from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (article 4). It is established that the legal mechanism of restrictions, including in the. Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research, it is determined that the main problem associated with the development of electronic justice is that at the state level it is necessary to improve the mechanism for the administration of justice in extreme conditions. The solution of this problem requires the creation of a scientifically based and confirmed by world practice algorithm for correcting the legal norms of the current federal legislation, which forms the organizational and legal mechanism of justice, ensuring its functioning in extreme conditions. The use of this approach makes it possible to summarize the accumulated world experience of “electronic justice” in extreme situations, as well as domestic federal and regional experience, and to incorporate legal norms into the current legislation in the digital reality with respect for the constitutional rights and legitimate interests of citizens to implement fair justice.

The purpose and objectives of this article are to define and characterize the Soviet origins of the doctrine of international law in modern Russia. Methodological approach. The work uses general scientific methods, as well as elements of comparative legal, historical and legal methods and the method of legal interpretation. Results and conclusions. The article reveals the Soviet origins of the Russian doctrine of international law, analyzes the Concept of National Security, the Concept of Russian Foreign Policy and the National Security Strategy of Russia, as a development and complement to the Soviet doctrine of international law-the core of the modern doctrine of international law of Russia, which largely corresponds to the generally recognized principles of international law established in the UN Charter. Originality and value. The article shows the historical significance of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the legislative activity of the Soviet government for the progressive development of international law, describes the first decrees, declarations and international treaties of the RSFSR, defines the role of the Soviet Union in the formation of the United Nations and the development of the fundamental principles of international law within the framework of this organization.

The article identifies the legal and institutional framework for the development of European interregional and cross-border cooperation. The author has studied the problem on the basis of formal-legal, systematic and functional methods. The novelty of the research lies in the use of relevant sources. The article analyzes the experience of European interregional and cross-border cooperation in the context of its possible use in the Russian Federation, where the interaction of subjects of the Russian Federation with the regions of various foreign states, including EU countries, is also developed. Conclusions on the sources of legal regulation in the field of interregional and cross-border cooperation are made as a result of the study, especially the importance of development strategies for individual regions is noted. Attention is paid to preservation of support of inter-regional cooperation in strategic documents of EU for the period of 2020-2024. The necessity of development of interregional and cross-border cooperation within the framework of the Council of Europe is noted. Such cooperation is based on the existing and quite effective institutions and is provided with financial support, which predetermines the interest to such formats of international interaction.

Article is devoted to one of the central problem of the modern world - problem of socialization. According to conception of well-known philosophers A. Adler, S.L. Frank, C.H. Cooley author considered psychological and philosophical approaches to the problem of social feeling. Author demonstrated concept of social feeling in connection with other categories of social theory. It has paid specific attention to the issue of forming social “self” as contradictory unity of will to power and desire for understanding, support. The philosophical point of view concerning the “I - you” connection as the basis of “I”. The main conclusion of article is the connection social and religious aspects in understanding of forming personality. It is also concluded that successful adherence to social standards of behavior, as well as orientation to cultural values and ideas, helps individuals to implement their program, build social ties of friendship, love and cooperation.

Introduction. The article examines one of the topical issues for the history of the Ancient world - the characteristics of the features of the institutions of the family and marriage of the Ancient East. The modern development of historical knowledge reveals not only the reception of the specificity of legal relations that developed in antiquity, but also their transformation, as well as the search for the most universal and acceptable variants of marriage relations, some kind of standards of relations between the subjects of these institutions. Addressing the issue of the formation of the institutions of family and marriage relations through the study of available historical and legal sources is justified and relevant. There are separate scientific studies on this problem, but there are no systematic, fundamental developments. As a rule, the historical and legal sources of Asia Minor (Old Babylonian laws, Assyrian, Hittite and New Babylonian legal acts) are characterized in general terms. The role of the woman of Western Asia, her place in the patriarchal family, is assessed ambiguously. Materials and methods. The material of the research is presented directly through the systematization of theoretical developments on the named family legal relations, as well as the analysis of the legislative monuments of Southwest Asia. Within the framework of the study, the author uses a system-structural method that allows us to consider family-legal relations as an integral system of interrelationships between phenomena and events, to determine the main content of this research topic. The institutional approach used by the author presupposes a systematic study of the legal institutions of family law that have developed in the East during the antiquity. Results, discussion. Analysis of the historical and legal documents of the Ancient East, as well as a comprehensive study of the conceptual provisions of scientific research, allowed the author to highlight the main characteristics and foundations of building a family of the countries of Southwest Asia. Conclusion. The institutions of family and marriage of the ancient Eastern states are built on the norms of patriarchal law. In the subject composition of the family, a woman acts as an equal participant in legal relations. However, in some cases it acts as an object of law («thing», «property»). The author singles out two categories of women: relatively free and completely deprived of legal and legal capacity.