Vol 14, No 3 (2024)

The emerging concept of inclusive capitalism and the consequences of its implementation for Russian civilization are considered. It is shown that this concept is another version of the theory of “national welfare”, which hides the real plans of the globalists to establish their dominance in the world with the help of digital technologies for managing society and the economy in the long term. The role of national states will be reduced to the level of subordinate structures of a certain global corporation governing the whole world. However, such a development of events is not predetermined and will meet serious resistance from the main part of humanity. Special attention is paid to the fact that the practical implementation of the main provisions of the theory of inclusive capitalism undermines the historical, socio-cultural foundations of Russian civilization.

The purpose of the research is to establish in modern political culture the concept of “zatext” and its various types in order to effectively resist provocations and disinformation of political opponents, apply adequate political technologies, achieving their political goals. The article suggests using the interdisciplinary term “zatext” to consider political strategies that are dynamically developing in the context of transforming international relations.

The results of the study show that the system of diplomatic and political discussions, statements and communications is currently changing dramatically: texts with a double bottom, essentially texts with overtones, are being replaced by direct speech, in which the accompanying overtones are immediately stated, clarifying the main theses without ambiguity and hints. Against the background of the unscrupulous use of fakes at various political levels by Western countries, Russian political leaders have chosen tactics and strategies of honesty, openness and direct debunking of unscrupulous machinations on the part of political opponents.

Conclusions. Thus, a new political trend is being formed – to create a new world order, which is based on equal interactions between Russia and all sincere and constructive allies. A new political culture is also emerging, based on universal human values, the desire for universal peace and the co-evolutionary development of world civilizations.

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation and development of multiparty system in the regions at the present stage of Russia’s political development. The article analyzes the processes of transformation of the Russian party system in the context of systematic changes in the mechanisms of legislative regulation of their party and political activities.

The aim of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the regional party system on the exercise of political power in Russian regions. This is necessary to determine the main directions for improving the system of party legislation in the process of establishing a new political system.

Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, a number of unresolved contradictions in the formation and development of the modern Russian regional party system have been identified. These contradictions do not allow this type of party system to achieve the level of influence that would give them the opportunity to really and effectively participate in the current political process. It can be argued that the party systems that have developed today in the regions are lagging behind in their development in comparison with the all-Russian party system. The author concludes that in order to change the current situation, it is necessary to improve the quality of representation from political parties in regional and municipal authorities. In order for political parties in the regions to articulate the interests and needs of various social groups, they must have the necessary power resources in making decisions on the leadership and management of the region. One of such ways to increase the level of influence of the regional party system is, in the author’s opinion, the reform of party legislation in the direction of creating broader opportunities, both for creating parties of different political spectrum and for increasing their power capabilities.

The article analyzes the problems and periodization of the formation of social policy in Russia in the 1990s. After the collapse of the USSR, the abandonment of the socialist path of development and a sharp turn towards the capitalist path, expressed in radical market reforms, the Russian state, which began to copy and transfer the experience of developed Western countries to Russian realities, faced a dual task – to form an economic policy based on market principles and, again based on the experience of Western countries, a new social policy. Western states are not unanimous on social issues, but social policies are formed and implemented by all. There are three basic models of it, in which the participation of the state in the implementation of social tasks is outlined in different ways. However, the Russian authorities are faced not so much with the problem of choosing an appropriate model, but with the problem of adapting the state’s social obligations to the consequences of market transformations. The term “transformational model of social policy” even appeared in the scientific literature, indicating a state of transition, but it was not possible to unambiguously describe this term, since approaches to social transformation in different countries did not repeat each other. Moreover, the practice of transition to a market in Russia and other countries with a socialist background has shown different reactions to universal market laws and mechanisms. The Russian scenario turned out to be painful for the economy and social sphere. It was established that the social sphere was transformed in three stages, but none of them had a systematic and complete form. On this basis, we concluded that in Russia in the 1990s, social transformation laid some of the foundations for social policy. But it did not lead to the formation of social policy itself, which is incorrect to interpret as a certain sum of social measures, because any policy, including social policy, is usually understood as a mechanism developed by the state for regulating social relations, aimed at their harmonization.

The purpose of the study. Within the framework of the study the task was set to study and analyze domestic and foreign scientific research devoted to the communicative competence of a lawyer in order to identify the features and elements of this category, as well as to determine the ways of its formation and development.

The conclusions of the study. In general, under the legal-communicative competence most researchers understand a systemic education characterized by the presence of communicative knowledge, skills and abilities necessary in legal practice. Сommunicative competence includes the following knowledge, skills and abilities: deep knowledge of the legal profession and mastery of the terminology of the professional sphere; ability to perceive, analyze and use legal information in relation to a particular situation; knowledge of the rules of etiquette and the ability to use them in professional communication; mastery of speech, which covers professional legal concepts and categories, containing speech and communication skills. It is noted that modern means of formation of communicative competence should be focused on all structural elements, as their interrelation with communicative experience is a personal-communicative education contributing to the achievement of social demands.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, foreign policy relations with the countries of Southeast Asia entered a state of crisis, which affected economic, political and cultural ties. The repeated visits of representatives of the Russian leadership are an indicator of the attention that the Russian leadership pays to issues of development and cooperation with the countries of the region. Since the creation of independent states in Southeast Asia, the ideological basis of the emerging cooperation, conventionally called at that time “the export of socialism”, has been important. The article attempts to consider the historical prerequisites that determined the nature of domestic foreign policy in Southeast Asia from the perspective of ideological aspects of foreign policy. Among the main ideological aspects of foreign policy today, the most relevant are ensuring multipolarity, mutual respect for sovereignty and observance of the basic principles of security of international cooperation, ensured by mutual initiatives aimed at reducing armaments, expanding demilitarization zones, and integrating the economies of the countries of the Southeast Asian region into the world. The author concludes that the modern content of cooperation based on mutual respect, the progressive development of cooperation in all areas, and strategic interaction will allow relations with the countries of the region to develop steadily in the future.

Purpose of the study. The article identifies problems of theory and practice related to the consideration of cases in courts for the protection of rights arising in the field of family legal relations. The author substantiates the conclusion about the need to determine the specifics of justice in family cases, especially with the participation of minors, which is due to the participation of special bodies and authorized persons who ensure the protection of the family rights of citizens. The author has proven that effective protection of family rights is possible subject to the balanced use of different forms (jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional), including alternative methods, which essentially corresponds to the nature of family relations and contributes to the adoption of legal and informed decisions that meet the rights and legitimate interests of citizens.

Purpose of the study. Show the actual existence of materialist dialectics as a general and universal objective law and as an independent science of thinking, which must be taken into account in criminal proceedings. Dialectics (dialectical logic) is opposed to formal logic, and dialectics cannot be subordinated to formal logic, considering it only as a fragment, a section of formal logic, and on this basis deny the very existence of dialectics. After all, formal logic and dialectics (dialectical logic) are two parts of a single whole. The relationship between them is dialectical. Dialectics requires a systematic approach and does not allow the erasure of differences between such systemic opposites as “goal and means”, “form and content”, “personality and objective truth”. Meanwhile, in the current adversarial Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, the differences between these opposites are essentially erased, their systemic dialectical unity is destroyed. The article contrasts the formal-logical (tautological) prohibiting contradictions approach and the dialectical (based on dialectical contradictions) approach in relation to the criminal process.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the carrier of the formal-logical approach, in the author’s opinion, is the current adversarial Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, in which the differences between such dialectical opposites as goal and means, form and content are actually erased, since the dominant one in this in the process, competitiveness (competition of the parties), i.e., the means, due to its self-sufficiency, (since everything is decided by the duel of the parties) excludes objective truth as the goal of the process. This destroys the systematic, truly scientific approach, which does not allow the erasure of differences between opposites. In adversarial criminal proceedings, the adversarial form is more important than the actual content. Formal legal truth in it is higher than objective truth. In fact, in the adversarial Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation there has been a “substitution of the concept” – not a complete, reliable, objectively true disclosure of crimes (the fight against crime), but the resolution of a legal dispute (conflict) of the parties of prosecution and defense (the state and the individual) who have equal rights before the court in favor of strong side. Individual rights in such a process are not absolute, but only relative value, since everything depends on the strength of the parties, and whoever is stronger is right. That is, in reality, the guilty person can win the process (case) and remain unpunished, but in reality, the innocent person can lose. In an adversarial process, everything is relative. What is necessary is an objectively true difference between the guilty and the innocent, and not an adversarial (win-lose) one. Hence, the objectively true model of the criminal process is a higher type of legal proceedings than the adversarial process. It is impossible to destroy the systemic dialectical unity of purpose and means, form and content, objective truth and personality in criminal proceedings. Dialectics as a universal pattern should be reflected in the criminal process. This is the guarantee of scientific, objectivity and true fairness of the criminal process, in contrast to the justice of the strongest in adversarial criminal proceedings (Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation). The article criticizes the theoretical position aimed at idealization, absolutization of formal logic, which does not allow contradiction, when dialectics (dialectical logic, dialectical contradiction) is considered only as a section, a fragment of formal logic. Thus, the very existence of dialectics, both as an objective law and as an independent science of thinking, is actually denied. This is something we cannot agree with. In their own way, both formal logic and dialectics (dialectical logic) are scientifically necessary. As dialectical opposites, these logics are two parts of a single whole: one is static, the other is dynamic. These logics are interconnected dialectically.

The article evaluates the role of video games in the development of artificial intelligence and examines the problems of understanding the legal nature of a video game as an object of intellectual property in the era of digital society. The article analyzes the existing judicial practice on these issues, the contradictory approaches of representatives of legal doctrine in determining the legal nature of a computer game, as well as international experience in the development of artificial intelligence.

The purpose of the study is to determine the role of video games in the formation of artificial intelligence and its further development, as well as to form a unified approach to determining the legal nature of a video game. These goals are due to the rapid growth in the popularity of artificial intelligence and video games at the time of the study.

Results. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in accordance with the very legal essence of the video game and the legislation of the Russian Federation in force at the time of the study, a computer game, as a general rule, should be classified as complex intellectual property objects as a multimedia product. In extremely rare cases, such a qualification may be in favor of a computer program, the role of video games in the formation and development of artificial intelligence is assessed at a high level. However, to date, video games in Russia lack legal certainty both at the level of laws and law enforcement practice, which makes it difficult to test technologies on their platform. In this regard, a more stable legal certainty in relation to video games will lead to a higher rate of development of domestic artificial intelligence technologies.

The article presents an analysis of cyber threats implemented against Russia and the United States, and also examines possible dangers in the field of international information security within the framework of the current global political situation. The author has explored the history of the development of approaches of the Russian Federation and the United States of America to ensuring state security in the cyber environment. An analysis of the problems of international information security is carried out using the example of bilateral relations between the United States and Russia, both in the historical context and in the current international political situation. US policy is aimed at independently identifying and holding accountable for cyberattacks the state from whose territory, in their opinion, the threat came. And due to the difficulties in detecting attackers in practice, this approach is prone to abuse. While Russia proposes to investigate each situation individually and hold the instigators and perpetrators accountable. And due to the fact that currently there is no mechanism for crisis resolution of conflict situations in the ICT environment and uniform international standards for resolving cyber conflicts, the option proposed by Russia seems to the author more promising.

The article examines the social effectiveness of small and medium-sized businesses in the context of economic sanctions. The analysis of the impact of sanctions on the operational activities of small and medium-sized businesses is carried out, as well as the change in their social role during the period of sanctions pressure is considered. The study examined entrepreneurs’ perception of economic sanctions and adaptation strategies. A consumer survey was conducted to assess the changing social role of small and medium-sized businesses before and after the imposition of sanctions. Data on the dynamics of employment in the small and medium-sized business sector have been collected and analyzed.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of current trends and concerns related to the implementation of AI in city government. Important issues are raised that require further study and solutions to ensure public confidence in smart technologies. AI, neural networks and the Internet of things are having an increasing impact on the management of urban spaces. Innovation opens up opportunities to improve the efficiency of city services, communities, optimize resources and improve the quality of life. However, IT implementation is also associated with certain risks that require study and expert assessment. Analysis of public perception of the risks associated with the use of intelligent technologies in the management of modern digital cities plays a key role in the adoption and further development of progressive technological initiatives, including the spaces of “smart” megacities. There has been a tendency towards the frequent use of AI and IT for urban management, which citizens note as an opportunity to improve the quality of life and optimize costs.

The article substantiates an integrative analysis of the military strategic operation of the Red Army (codenamed “Bagration”) to defeat German troops on the territory of Belarus. In this regard, based on the principle of unity of historical and logical, a comprehensive analysis of the content and features of the just nature of an important strategic operation of the Red Army is justified. The article examines the socio-philosophical essence of the spiritual factor in the fight against the enemy, emphasizes the continuity of patriotism and moral and combat qualities of Russian soldiers in modern conditions, substantiates the political and moral significance of the role of partisans in the fight against the German occupiers.

The purpose of the study: is to reveal the socio-philosophical significance of the victory of the Red Army over the German troops on the territory of Belarus and to show its cognitive relevance in modern conditions.

Conclusions. 1. The article proves the unity of the people and the army in the defense of the Fatherland against Nazi Germany. 2. The content and features of the defeat of the enemy army group “Center” is an objective imperative for the formation of patriotism and the unacceptability of Nazi ideology in the modern military-political situation.

The second quarter of the XIX century became the era of the reign of Nicholas the First, when the number of texts with the lexeme “Orthodoxy,” according to the materials of the linguistic academic resource “National Corpus of the Russian Language,” exceeded their volume for the entire XVIII century. We can say about continuation of the formation of an academic tradition of objective description of confessional, ethnic, ethno-confessional and religious communities in a multi-confessional country of the Enlightenment, combined with the formation of the so-called “protective” direction in politics. In search of compensation (consent) between the court, legal, journalistic, church and scientific elites, new denotations and connotations are formed (for example, “Orthodoxy of the Greek-Russian Church”, “Christian Orthodox Catholic Faith of the Eastern Confession”, etc. in the texts of laws), a romantic understanding of “Orthodoxy” is developing as “the unanimity of the people” (I.V. Kireevsky), normative requirements for the work of writers called upon to create literary works “in the spirit of autocracy, Orthodoxy and nationality” are being constructed (N.A. Polevoy). Along with this, the importance of “inner Christian life” is recognized (V.A. Zhukovsky). The article sets out the position of social philosophy with an orientation towards the approaches of modern philosophical religious studies.

The article examines the problems associated with the problems of logistics of the agro-industrial complex. The issues related to natural and climatic factors are considered. It is revealed that long-term errors and structural problems directly contributed to the stagnation of the industry, while primarily reducing the production base on the ground. It was noted that the agricultural sector plays a special role in the economic development of the country, it is a key area contributing to ensuring food independence and the export of agricultural products. It is revealed that the increase in growth rates at the regional level is associated with a system of resource and financial support, which is a necessity in solving import substitution problems. It is particularly noted that the resource potential of the industry is a common system of available elements, an increase in one component implies an increase in the production of interrelated species. It is shown that the problem of food independence has a multidimensional character, its solution is directly interrelated by the fundamental provisions of the fundamentals of legislative regulation. The timely publication of legal documents regulating the functioning of the branches of the agro-industrial complex will serve as the main factor in eliminating internal and external threats in the field of ensuring food security in Russia.

Family policy in Russia is of particular importance, given the demographic situation, existing challenges and the needs of families. The presidential initiative “Year of the Family” and strengthening the state’s attention to family and children make it relevant to study and analyze social policies aimed at supporting and developing the institution of the family. The scientific article examines the family policy of the Russian Federation with an emphasis on the city of Moscow, analyzes the significance of the family policy of the Russian Federation with a focus on the demographic situation and measures to support families in the metropolis. The article provides an analysis of social policy and support measures based on research data, statistical indicators and expert assessments. To identify successful programs and support measures, a comparative analysis of federal and regional initiatives is carried out, focusing on the social support infrastructure in Moscow.

Results obtained: the study presents an analysis of successful social support programs for families in Moscow, describes effective measures that ensure well-being and comprehensive support for various categories of city residents, especially families with children. The results of the analysis show that the city provides comprehensive and targeted support to various categories of families, from large families to families with children with special needs, and also actively promotes the employment and education of women with children, which demonstrates an integrated approach to creating a favorable environment for the development of families and society as a whole.