Том 12, № 4 (2022)

The purpose of the research. The article is about the issues of strategic instability of modern states. Based on the analysis of the state as the most significant object of socio-political interaction and the primary goal for the technologies of organizing strategic instability, the authors typify various theories of the socio-humanitarian sciences on the formation of statehood on the principle of scientific rationality. This is necessary to determine the main directions of countering the influence of information and communication technologies of a destructive nature, used by Western political actors in order to destroy the subjectivity of the Russian Federation, intercept state administration and form hotbeds of socio-political instability. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the modern Russia, needs to focus its main efforts on concentrating social actors’ powers, necessary resources, forces and means of information and communication in order to ensure effective security and sustainable regulation of social relations.

This article discusses the issue related to the sociological analysis of the factors of the formation of the monetary culture of the Russian population. The author studied the main elements of such a phenomenon as monetary culture, considered the current state of monetary culture in Russian society. This article also examines the concept of monetary behavior, which is in a special relationship with such a phenomenon as monetary culture. An important place in this work is devoted to the analysis of factors influencing the formation of the monetary culture of the Russian population. Among them, the author identified 2 large groups: objective and subjective factors. In this article, both groups are considered, while it is revealed that the factors cannot be abstracted from each other, but are in a state of interdependence. In addition, the author determined the relationship between the factors of the formation of monetary culture and the key values that can be distinguished in the monetary culture of the Russian population. In the final part of the article, the author offers recommendations for improving the monetary culture of the Russian population, as well as for further studying the factors influencing the formation of the monetary culture of the Russian population.

The purpose of the research. The article substantiates the methodological principles of studying the social mechanisms of trust formation in transforming economic relations, synthesized in the activity-phenomenological approach. Social and political global challenges that affect trust in society, including those related to the dynamics of world economic indicators, are analyzed. As a conceptual basis for defining the concept of trust, the authors rely on the studies of E. Giddens, N. Luhmann, F. Fukuyama, P. Sztompka. The scientific novelty of the study is the clarification of the concept of social mechanisms for the formation of trust. These are reproducible stable forms of optimization of social relations, their main significance is in the integration of social practices and institutions. Results. The authors propose to analyze two types of trust models in transforming economic relations - institutional and subject-oriented trust. The authors rely on the activity-phenomenological approach in the theories of E. Husserl, A. Schutz, M. Wartofsky, G.P. Shchedrovitsky, L. Wittgenstein. Therefore, they propose the following principles for studying the social mechanisms of trust formation: ontological validity, ecological validity, representativeness and epistemological validity. The main methodological difficulties in the study of trust may arise due to insufficient attention to contextuality in trust models, including latent processes in the economy associated with such phenomena as protectionism or corruption. Therefore, attention is focused on the need to typify trust models depending on cultural historical conditions and the effects of economic and political challenges that manifest themselves in these conditions.

The article describes some aspects of the attitude of modern student youth of two Russian regions to the concepts behind the word “religio” (religion). The latter is understood in connotation with three normative forms for the history of the Russian community: 1) as a basic spiritual and moral concept that underlies the life of every individual, the state and the entire human community as a whole (Cicero’s «religio» paradigm); 2) philosophical and confessional legal norms of the 1000-year history of Christianity in Russia; 3) the phenomenology of humanism and religious tolerance in relation to the anthropological foundations of the individual and collective life of each member of the global community. The results of a survey of 235 students from Arkhangelsk and Vladimir on issues related to the modern attitude of young people to understanding the concept of religion are also reflected.

The article presents the author’s view on the problem of ideological stability in modern realities. The article examines the essence and features of the process of forming the ideological stability of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia as a social component of the moral and psychological support of their official activities. Based on the results of the study, the paper presents an analysis of the modern approach to the formation of ideological stability of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in educational and service activities. The article considers the methodological approach to the interdisciplinary concept of “personality”, the features of ensuring professional orientation and the process of adaptation of cadets to educational activities. The article reflects the nuances of the alarming state of ideological confrontation with Western apologists, provides a number of modern analytical examples with characteristics of the main areas of counteraction. As today’s practice shows, in the conditions of a frenzied propaganda campaign, against the background of a migration explosion, security, the standard of living of ordinary citizens and GDP growth, the level of value orientations in the European Union is also gradually decreasing, and Western political scientists are trying to denigrate the achievements and great exploits of the Russian people in all ways, and not only the media. In accordance with the logic and purpose of the article, the main directions for the ideological and humanistic formation of the personality of a cadet, a future law enforcement officer, a citizen of Russia in the conditions of educational activity and further service are presented.

Goal. In the article we research applicability of business judgement rule to actions of a majority shareholder taking in the account specificities of non-public commercial corporations. Analysis of application of the rule to a majority shareholder’s actions in view of non-public corporation’s legal nature was conducted only in the Peeples’ paper [13]. However, this analysis fails to take into the account ability of shareholders of corporations to apply informal sanctions against each other. The goal of this article is to supplement current understanding of legal nature of non-public corporation and to elaborate additional grounds for application of the rule. Inferences. In the article we confirm the conclusion that justification of application of the rule in non-public corporations has specificities derivative from the legal nature of such corporations. Besides that, we conclude that the rule’s application may depend upon ability of shareholders to deter opportunistic behavior by informal sanctions. Value. The article for the first time proves that the legal nature of non-public corporations depends not only upon trust between shareholders, but from their ability to apply informal sanctions as a mean of protection from opportunistic behavior of a counteragent. Given this, we suppose that the state’s role in protection of rights and interests of minority shareholders may be decreased.

Purpose of the study. In this article, the author considers the right to raise a child in a family in the system of his non-property rights, identifies current trends in the development of legislation, the provisions of which are aimed at its implementation, systematizes the advantages and disadvantages of the current norms devoted to the protection of this right, and identifies the problems of its implementation in practice. The author proves that family upbringing allows the child to realize and satisfy his basic needs, since their realization depends on his parents, who are obliged to properly fulfill their duties towards the child.

As the conflict between Russia and Ukraine intensifies, the Western football world has chosen to sanction Russia by banning its domestic football teams from participating in FIFA and UEFA affiliated tournaments. Unlike previous disciplinary sanctions imposed by international football organisations, this sanction has a number of rare features in terms of the context in which it is imposed, the subject matter of its issuance and its effects, and will inevitably have a profound impact on the future governance of international sport. This article will analyze the legal governance system of international football organisations, with a focus on international sports arbitration under the jurisdiction of CAS and consider how Chinese sportsman can use legal weapons to avoid a vicious circle in the face of crises and seek more benign external interactions, with a view to establishing a voice for Chinese sport.

A task. To systematize the EC (EU) experience in terms of obtaining rights and obligations akin to those enjoyed by the WCO members, including highlighting the actions and stages in connection with the consideration of the EC application for membership in the World Customs Organization. Conclusions. The research article is devoted to the issues of the EC (EU) legal status of in the WCO and the use of the EC precedent for the implementation of the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025 (Strategic Directions) in terms of joint actions with Member States aimed at obtaining the Union’s membership status in the WCO. The subject of the study is the activities and stages passed by the EC in the framework of interaction with the WCO to change the legal status from an observer to akin to the WCO membership. The research paper presents in abstract form the legal instruments and legal structures that have been developed at the expert level to satisfy the EC application. The identified activities, by analogy, can be used to develop an action plan (roadmap) for the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) to obtain the WCO member status. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formed within the framework of cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Commission and the WCO. Social consequences. Conducting a study of the legal status of customs and economic unions in the WCO is associated with the implementation of paragraph 11.7.5. of Strategic Directions [6] in terms of cooperation with this international organization. Practical value. The results of the study are of interest to the customs cooperation block of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and can be used by specialists from customs and other executive authorities in the EEU member states, EEC experts to organize and implement mutually beneficial customs cooperation between the EEC and the WCO. The article is recommended to researchers, teachers, students, graduate students and other categories of students in the Russian Customs Academy, in other universities and the WCO regional training centers in the specialties “Customs” and “Jurisprudence”. Originality/value. The research material is based on an analysis of the practical aspects of the activities of the EEC, the WCO and is the result of a comprehensive study of the issue of the legal and organizational basis for obtaining the WCO member status by economic and customs unions.

The purpose of the research. The article is devoted to the issue of the position of the Russian language in the countries of the East. Currently, there can be observed a steady interest in learning Russian in China, on the one hand, and a significant narrowing of the Russian-language information space, a decrease in prestige and popularity of Russian in Europe and North America, on the other. The main purpose of this study is to assess the prospects of the Russian language in China, taking the current political situation into account. The scientific novelty of the study consists in an analysis of the possible prospects for development of the Russian language in China during the following decade, as well as in the study of modern trends and projects of cultural cooperation between the two countries. When considering the latest trends in teaching Russian to Chinese students, the author of the article identifies the main modern problems of teaching the Russian language in the People’s Republic of China and suggests possible ways to overcome them. The practical value of the study consists in the fact that the observations and conclusions proposed in this paper can be used in the development of effective programs for promotion of the Russian language in the East. The research methodology includes the method of synchronous analysis and the method of contextual analysis. Among the general scientific research methods, concretization, systematization, analysis and synthesis of information can be singled out.

The purpose and objectives. The main goal is a comparative analysis of the development of the ethnopolitical systems of Korean and Japanese civilization in the subsystem of international relations in Northeast Asia. Methodological approach. The L.N. Gumilev’s methodology takes first place in the work, as well as the systematic approach developed in oriental political science by A.D. Voskresensky. The Reasearch is also based on general scientific methods of cognition and political forecasting. Results and conclusions. The article briefly analyzes the development of the Korean and Japanese ethnosystems in the region, and gives a forecast of the further development of political processes in these countries. Originality and value. The research is valuable in view of its relevance and originality of the work, which focuses on obtaining new knowledge about the nature of the Japanese and Korean ethnic systems and studying the features of the development of these ethnogenesis in the context of the political development of the subsystem of international relations in Northeast Asia.

Older citizens are considered in the article as a socio-demographic community, and the implementation of a specific state strategy as a mechanism of public administration to achieve the task. The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the creation of conditions for the quality of life of citizens, including to increase life expectancy, physical and social activity. Currently, in the Russian Federation, to create such conditions, the state strategy and projects are being implemented at the federal and regional levels. Values of active aging according to respondents,% Of great importance for achieving active longevity is the involvement of citizens of different age groups, and especially the elderly, in various types of physical culture and recreation activities, including classes according to special programs, which provide for the risks of age-related diseases and ways to minimize them. For the successful implementation of such programs, the efforts of various program participants are combined, including volunteers who train themselves and then teach others. By expanding the number of participants, a social effect is achieved: the number of elderly citizens participating in programs is increasing. An economic effect is achieved from the implementation of such programs: the risks of age-related diseases are minimized, and opportunities for physical and social activity are extended. The authors of the article, in addition to analyzing traditional methods, use sociological methods: a survey of 331 elderly citizens living in the Sverdlovsk region was conducted, an expert survey of specialists in active aging and physical activity was conducted. Information sources such as the websites of Rosstat, the websites of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Social Policy of the Sverdlovsk Region were used.