Vol 26, No 2 (2024)

The purpose of the article is to explore the possibilities of project activities both in teaching theoretical disciplines at a pedagogical university («Introduction to Literary Studies», «Theory of Literature», «Poetics of Literary Text»), and in extracurricular (research) work. The main stages of work of students at different levels of education (bachelor's, master's, postgraduate) on the projects «Lotman's Semiosphere» and «Matrix of Formalism» are shown. In preparation for the final project, students study the main literature on the relevant scientific problem. Immersing themselves in scientific work, students identify basic theoretical concepts, their definitions, types, and functions. For each work, brief notes are compiled, the provisions of which are algorithmized using visualization tools. The given forms of project implementation within the framework of teaching philological disciplines of the theoretical cycle demonstrate the optimization of the educational process. Students, under the guidance of a supervisor, are involved in comprehending a wide field of scientific and research problems relevant to the modern paradigm of humanitarian knowledge. Project activities make it possible to successfully solve the problems posed in the programs for teaching philological disciplines of the theoretical cycle. The presented experience of design technology can be used not only at a university in teaching theoretical disciplines, but also to solve other methodological and pedagogical problems.

One of the main tasks facing the University is the training of highly qualified specialists with established professional and universal competencies. The solution of such an important and complex task is possible only in close cooperation of individual university structures working to achieve a common goal. The article deals with the issues of teaching mathematics at a technical university, given the multidisciplinary nature of the training of future bachelors, masters, a special approach is needed to the methodology of presenting a certain course of mathematics for a particular specialty. It is the professional orientation of the discipline taught that will help to prepare good specialists who are in demand in the labor market. The above study summarizes many years of experience in this area, highlights certain components in the formation of professional competencies, including in mathematics classes. The article analyzes the organizational, substantive and methodological components of a professionally oriented mathematics course. An overview of various methods of developing interest in the subject, the motivational component of the learning process, and examples of individual tasks in different areas of student training are given.

The article presents the process of preparing students and schoolchildren for the Olympiad on standardization in the field of ISO standards in 2023 as a unique experience in the field of formation of engineering super-competencies. The uniqueness of the training process lies in the fact that the educational process of the university training methodology had to be projected onto the training of a team consisting of participants of different ages of the Olympiad - from 7th grade schoolchildren to 1st year university students, while laying down super-competencies.  The understanding of the material had to be as adaptive as possible for different categories of students. The relevance of the research lies in building up competencies in the field of international projects, contributing to a more extensive familiarization with current tasks in the field of aerospace instrumentation. The article also emphasizes that such Olympiads are important from the point of view of training not only students, but also teachers. An important stage of preparation was the experience of accumulated knowledge in the process of teaching students in the specialty 27.03.01 "Standardization and metrology". The learning process in the article is described based on the analysis of learning systems for students of different ages, the importance of supercompetencies in the modern course of training in technical specialties is presented. The peculiarity of standardization training is the symbiosis of legal and technical competencies in a single key, because On the one hand, objects of regulatory, technical and legal information are used in the learning process (for example, «Garant» is a member of the Russian Association of Legal Information), on the other hand, it is also necessary to conduct training in the field of technological processes and design documentation, in the field of electrical and circuit engineering.

Intertextual references, or cultural references, are quite common for various kinds of imaginative works, such as novels, movies, cartoons and computer games. Being an integral feature of such works, they play an essential role in creating their unique atmosphere, to say nothing about cases when such references are a key to understanding a plot or some certain aspects of a particular work. The issue of cultural references becomes extremely essential when it comes to translation of imaginative works from one language into another. This problem is quite complicated and comprehensive. In order to solve it, a translator should be taught to consider a number of factors all at once. Apart from being able to recognize a cultural reference (which is quite often “disguised” by the author by means of a play on words, etc.), a translator should also consider whether or not his audience is familiar with the origin of this reference, as well as select proper translation techniques and transformations in each particular case. All this requires a translator to be well aware of topics considering history and culture of foreign countries, show excellent professional skills and have creative approach to the process of translation.

This article is devoted to rethinking the composition of the hundreds of books recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for schoolchildren to read independently - the so-called “Putin’s list”, published on January 16, 2013, as well as the list of 100 books of foreign literature published on January 23, 2013, compiled The Union of Writers of Russia - lists that were not further correlated. Using the example of a brief analysis of several works ("How the Steel Was Tempered" by N.A. Ostrovsky; "The Wild Dog Dingo, or the Tale of First Love" by R. Fraerman; "1984" by J. Orwell, etc.), the expediency/inexpediency of inclusion is indicated some authors and works in these lists today - either from the point of view of low relevance, artistic value, or from the point of view of the need to study them exclusively under the guidance of experienced teachers. In this study, the author relied, in particular, on the theory of generations, which also needs to be taken into account if the tasks of the most effective spiritual, moral and patriotic education of youth are set at the state level, despite the fact that over the past decade, in the light of the geopolitical situation, the value guidelines of Russians. All of the above factors are important to take into account when preparing future literature teachers in pedagogical universities.

Key words: «On the list of “100 books” on the history, culture and literature of the peoples of the Russian Federation», 100 books of foreign literature according to the Union of Writers of Russia, «Dikaia sobaka dingo» («The Wild Dog Dingo, or the Tale of First Love»), R. Fraerman, «1984», J. Orwell, «Kak zakalialas' stal'» («How the Steel Was Tempered»), N.A. Ostrovsky

The object of the study is the existential love, manifested in Russian artistic culture. The subject of scientific work is the figurative realization of the existential of love in modern poetry. The material for the article was the poetry of Karina Seydametova, namely her new poetic selection from the literary and socio-political almanac “Poetry Day - 21st Century”. At the center of the hermeneutic analysis are images of winter, blizzards in the poet’s poems: winter for Russian people is associated with an ontological search for “another kingdom”, the initiation path of a cultural hero, which is aimed at searching for a bride, sacred knowledge and love. The blizzard text in Russian artistic culture is inscribed in the text of fate and is associated with the philosophy of love and death. Parallels are drawn with the winter road cycle of A.S. Pushkin, in which the problem of love is resolved. The results of the study consist in identifying the cultural and philosophical potential of modern poetry for further study of the problem of the philosophy of love and death in Russian artistic culture and its national existence. The results of the work may be of interest to literary scholars who include literature in the space of a large dialogue of cultures, and can also be used in teaching courses in cultural studies and philosophy.

The interaction of an architectural object with urban space changes over time and depends on a number of external factors. Inclusion in the aspect of studying the interaction of an object and society is currently a promising direction. As a result of this process, a number of changes occur in the space-planning structure of the object, in the functional structure of the school site. The study proposes to consider external factors influencing the nature of the interaction between the educational object and the sociocultural urban space, to identify and systematize internal factors that influence the functional structure, space-planning solutions of the building and the saturation of the functional frame of the school site. The article provides a number of advanced examples of designing school facilities in the “school-city” concept. When introducing such an approach at the design stage, the functional scenario for the development of educational, leisure, and sports activities applies not only to direct participants in the educational process, but also to residents of the surrounding buildings. This method makes it possible to strengthen the sociocultural connection between society and the city, filling the environment with cultural events, social meetings and sporting events. The school building takes on a new interpretation both in architectural practice and in the sociocultural aspect of the city’s development.

For successful orthopedic treatment using dental implants, an objective diagnosis of pathological changes in teeth and periodontal tissues is necessary. The identification and optimization of occlusive disorders at various stages of preparation for dental surgery contributes to the normalization of osseointegration processes, expands indications for periodontal diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the normalization of occlusive disorders before dental implantation using analog and digital protocols. The study included 57 patients aged 30 to 65 years and divided into 3 groups: the first group –23 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of mild severity; the second group–20 patients with non-physiological location of individual teeth due to partial defects of the dentition; the control group–14 patients. Results. The assessment of occlusive disorders was carried out using occlusography methods and in the articulator "Stratos -300". In the first group–62.6% of supracontacts, in the second group – 49.3%. Occlusive correction of premature contacts was performed. The control was carried out by electronic axiography. Occlusal harmony of occlusal-articulatory relations has been achieved after selective polishing. A comfortable closing of the teeth and smooth movement of the lower jaw have been achieved. The qualitative and quantitative indicators of the axiogram have improved.