Vol 14, No 3 (2024)

The article describes the innovative application of a methodology for assessing the design fire resistance of a reconstructed reinforced concrete ribbed floor panel based on the criterion of the occurrence of a limit state based on loss of load-bearing capacity. In this case, the fire resistance limit of a bending element is established without thermal force destruction based on a set of single quality indicators of structural concrete and reinforcing steel, which simplifies engineering calculations and reduces the cost of expensive experiments. The results of a study of the influence of the geometric dimensions of a reconstructed reinforced concrete ribbed panel, the heating scheme of the design section in fire conditions, the placement of the main and additional reinforcement in the design section, the depth of the cores of the main and additional reinforcement and the degree of its fire protection, the thermal diffusion coefficient of structural concrete, the magnitude of the test load on the panel are presented. and the intensity of stress in the rods of longitudinal working reinforcement to the design fire resistance indicator, which is established based on the loss of load-bearing capacity. The use of the new proposed technical solution makes it possible to determine the design fire resistance of a reconstructed reinforced concrete ribbed panel without natural thermal force effects, simplifies engineering calculations, increases the reliability of statistical quality control of reinforced concrete materials and non-destructive tests, and reduces experimental costs.

The article presents the results of experimental studies to assess the strength of reinforced concrete beams with varying degrees of destruction of the protective layer of the working longitudinal reinforcement, followed by its restoration with a repair mixture. The test results of three series of prototypes, three samples in each series, are presented. Within the series, prototypes were made with the same longitudinal reinforcement, and the samples in each series differed in the degree of destruction of the protective layer of the longitudinal working reinforcement in the transverse bending zone. The samples were tested as freely supported beams loaded in the span by two identical concentrated forces. The results obtained made it possible to evaluate the role of longitudinal reinforcement, depending on the degree of destruction of its protective layer, in ensuring strength, forming a stress-strain state and the nature of destruction of reinforced concrete beams of rectangular cross-section in transverse bending zones.

The article is devoted to solving urgent problems of creating and improving closed water management systems of industrial enterprises. An overview and detailed analysis of the implementation of the federal program “Waste” in the existing regional centers of the Russian Federation is provided. During the analysis, the authors identified and solved the following tasks: justification of the need for the creation of closed water management systems (ZSVH); determination of the subject composition required for the development of SPM; selection of process diagrams and corresponding equipment. The article illustrates the experience of implementing the federal program “Waste” in various regions of the Russian Federation, which testifies to the cooperation of enterprises where industrial waste is generated with enterprises where it is processed and used as raw materials or disposed of. Based on the consideration of the types of industrial effluents and the directions of activities of enterprises, the authors came to the conclusion about the advisability of special treatment of industrial effluents before disposal directly at the site of their formation to obtain a dried final product, which should be carried out in accordance with regulatory requirements in the field of waste management.

The paper considers the natural and technical aspects that contribute to the supply of substandard quality water to the water treatment facilities of the city of Sevastopol during the flood period, which caused repeated shutdown of water treatment facilities. Options for retrofitting the existing water supply and purification scheme are considered, with the determination of the enlarged cost. The paper presents a technological justification for the application of a two-stage sedimentation scheme, which can be implemented within the framework of existing equipment and a small technological re-equipment.

The results of thermal engineering calculations of external multilayer enclosing structures of buildings and the thermal power of the heating system of residential buildings are presented, including calculations of temperature fields and partial pressures of water vapor at various parameters of structural layers and thermal insulation layers. Variants are considered and an assessment is given of the variation of parameters and the different location of thermal insulation in external multilayer fences for changes in temperature fields and partial pressures of water vapor in the fence, as well as for changes in the thermal power of the heating system of the building premises for two climatological design areas. The calculations were performed according to the methodology presented below using a specially developed computer program.

The article studied cultural layers and underground structures that were discovered during security and rescue archaeological excavations in the 101 quarter of Samara. The types of foundations of buildings of different ages were identified and an attempt was made to determine the stages of use of the territory for construction. Petrographic study of brick images is described. Natural weak soils were investigated in the territory of 101 quarters of Samara.

The article presents the results of laboratory stamp tests of sandy soils, the dispersed reinforcement of which was made with cullet waste in the form of crumbs. The tested soil samples had different densities and, accordingly, for each density, several options were made for the percentage of glass in the mass of the total volume. The purpose of the laboratory research was to obtain such a mechanical characteristic of the soil as the deformation modulus, which was subsequently compared with the same deformation modulus, but not of reinforced soil. The research results obtained showed the effectiveness of using glass chips as dispersed reinforcement of loose soils, which makes it possible to improve its strength properties and significantly save on the installation of artificial foundations for buildings or structures, as well as solve the issue of recycling glass waste and, accordingly, improve the environmental performance of the environment.

Problem: the city absorbs the natural and historical and cultural resources of the territory, due to which it is growing. The technical and economic growth of the city does not coincide with the preservation and prosperity of nature and culture. The quality of life with the growth of the city is deteriorating as a result of the predominance of the commercial interests of developers over the environmental and historical values of the townspeople.

Purpose: to identify the features of the growth of the city of Irkutsk, environmental and historical-cultural problems accompanying this growth, and to develop a design tool that allows you to protect the environmental and historical-cultural values of the city.

Methods: fixing planning forms of conflicts by comparative analysis of design and actual morphotypes of construction; use of configurations of natural and historical-cultural frames of a kind to assess conflict situations; finding a compromise in conflicts of city development motivations.

Results: scientific directions for resolving conflicts of sustainable development of the city were identified: the principle of landscape-like planning and construction; the principle of continuity in the development of development; the principle of distinguishing between public and private morphotypes; the principle of ordering random processes in different-time buildings.

The experience of revitalization of public spaces in the historical environment of cities in the practice of foreign and domestic design experience is analyzed. The task is to determine the place and role of modern art and modern architecture in the life of the historical city center in an environment filled with cultural heritage objects. The foreign and domestic experience of practical accent solutions used as temporary, compensatory practices for the renovation of public spaces in the historical environment of cities is considered. The potential of a new perception as a tool for renewal and an integrated approach to solving the strategy for revitalizing public spaces of historical city centers is revealed.

In the article, the authors focus on key methods and approaches that ensure optimal organization of space for scientific and research work. This contributes to achieving versatility, flexibility and the ability to transform the internal environment. Modern compositional techniques for the architectural transformation of objects of the type under consideration and methods of their application at various levels of architectural formation and development have been studied. The main criteria for the architectural and spatial formation of new generation research institutions have been identified, thanks to which an architectural ensemble is formed, the concept of spatial organization, the creation of a unified compositional structure, the organization of recognizable architecture. The basic principles and features that form the nature of sustainability, visual perception, and create a spatial structure of perception have been identified.

Attempt to correlate the concepts of “image of the city – identity”, the concept of identity in the national-cultural context is considered. The features of the architectural identity of the cities of the North Caucasus are revealed. The article also discusses the issues of preserving the national heritage. The authors actualize the preservation and positioning of the national-cultural context in the architectural structures of the Chechen people. The author’s analysis of the factors of manifestation of the architectural language of local development together with compositional design methods is carried out.

The scientific research is a continuation of the author’s publications and for the first time provides a complete conceptual set of principles and techniques, systematically covering all levels of the architectural and planning organization of construction production complexes. A concept for the architectural formation of construction industrial complexes in the cities of Donbass is proposed, which includes recommendations for the formation of these complexes. The urban planning approach to the selection of territories of non-operating coal mines is generalized. An analysis of existing buildings and structures of the coal mine and the features of construction production complexes was also carried out.

The article has developed and presented a universal systematization of regulatory requirements regulating the accessibility of urban infrastructure facilities to low-mobility groups of the population. A methodology for assessing the accessibility of buildings and structures to low-mobility categories of citizens has been developed. Based on the monitoring data of public buildings and social facilities in the city of Orel and the Oryol region, a numerical implementation of the proposed accessibility assessment methodology was performed using the example of structural and functional zones of one of the health facilities – the Maloarkhangelsk clinic. The proposed systematization of regulatory requirements and methodology will allow to identify the most problematic places in ensuring the accessibility of urban infrastructure, to quantify the criteria for the adaptation of urban facilities for people with disabilities. The assessment results can serve as tools for increasing the effectiveness of strategic decisions made to improve the standard of living of the population in an urbanized area as a whole.

The Industrial Revolution is the restructuring of society under the influence of innovations in technology and technique, which is accompanied by a jump in productivity. Today, the 4th revolution is taking place, which is rapidly changing the landscape of various areas of life, including architecture and the construction industry. The Industry 4.0 revolution connects technologies used in organizations and people’s daily lives. It combines physical and digital technologies. But it doesn’t develop as a daily simple life in architecture and construction industry like many other industries like as automotive, aircraft, electronic etc.

The relevance of the study is to study and analyze the stage of the historical event on the industrial revolutions (specially fourth industrial revolution) and his realization in today’s construction and architecture industry. A comprehensive review of contemporary and historical literature related to fourth industrial revolution, and his realization level in the industry with specific focus on construction and architecture industry. Thus, the main tasks of the study can be distinguished as follows: review of historical literature and basic understanding of the industrial revolutions; understanding of Industry 4.0 and its principles and benefits; reveal and introduce Industry 4.0 in construction and architecture industry; some samples about using Industry 4.0 in construction and architecture industry. Part two of the research is devoted to the idea and explanation of fourth wave technology in construction and architecture. The research used the method of analysis of scientific and historical literature and documents related to the Industrial Revolution (specially fourth industrial revolution) and his achievement in the construction and architecture industry to achieve and formulate conclusions.

The conclusion of study is about today’s stage of realization of fourth industrial revolution in the construction and architecture industry and his point of view to next industrial revolution which start from 2017. The author believes that the development of the construction and architecture industry now and in the future depends on the attention and use of new industries and professionals in this industry specially IT specialists and technology. The conclusion of the second part of the study articulates fourth wave technologies in all areas of construction and architecture.

The scientific novelty of the study is to study, analysis, identify main factors of Industry 4.0, and collection of some samples of realization of this technology (fourth wave technologies) in construction and architecture industry.