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Vol 11, No 3 (2011)

Articles

Structure of albumin and transport of drugs

Pshenkina N.N.

Abstract

Modern advances in research of structure and function of human serum albumin relating to drug carrying are reviewed. The main drugs' binding sites are characterized. Regulation of drug binding and dissociation of ligand-protein complexes during drugs'transfer to tissues are considered. In conclusion, prospective areas of further investigations of albumin structure and functions are proposed and possible ways of practical application are considered as well.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):3-15
pages 3-15 views

The influence of stimulation and blockade of D 2-type dopaminergic receptors on behavioral processes in female rats during key phases of ovary cycle

Fedotova Y.O., Sapronov N.S.

Abstract

The present work was devoted to the comparative analysis of influence of chronic administration of D2-receptors agonist -quinperoie (0,1 mg/kg, i.p.) and D2-receptors antagonist - sulpiride (10,0 mg/kg, i.p.) for 14 days on learning/memory processes, anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors in the adult female rats. Learning of these animals was assessed in different models: passive avoidance performance and Morris water maze. Model of depression in rats was carried out in Porsolt test. Anxiety level was assessed in the elevated plus maze. Chronic quinperoie administration to females resulted in the appearance of the passive avoidance performance in proestrous and estrous, as distinct from the control animals. Also, quinperoie improved spatial learning in proestrous and stimulated it in estrous in Morris water maze. Chronic sulpiride administration similarly impaired non-spatial and spatial learning in females during all phases of ovary cycle. It was established that chronic quinperoie administration rendered an anxiolytic action in females during diestrous, estrous and proestrous phases, but failed to modify depression-like behavior during ovary cycle. Sulpiride administration resulted in anxiogenic effect in all phases of ovary cycle in females. Also, it was noted definite modulation of depression-like behavior in connection of ovary cycle phases in rats treated with sulpiride; at moderate level of estrogens was prodepressive action while at reduced/enhanced levels of estrogen - antidepressant effect. It is suggested different extent of D2-receptors receptors involvement in the mechanisms of anxiety-depressive-like behavior at alterations of hormonal balance during ovary cycle. The results of the study suggest modulating role of D2-receptors in behavioral processes during ovary cycle in the adult female rats. Also, the data obtained indicate in a close interaction between ovary hormonal and dopaminergic systems of the brain in mechanisms of anxiety and depression.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):16-22
pages 16-22 views

Fructose-fed model of the metabolic syndrome: pathogenetic relationships between metabolic disorders

Reshetnyak M.V., Khirmanov V.N., Zybina N.N., Frolova M.Y., Sakuta G.A., Kudryavtsev B.N.

Abstract

The results of modeling of metabolic syndrome in 25 male Wistar rats (140-180 g), fed a standard diet and 10% fructose solution in drinking water for 6 weeks, are presented. Animals in control group (n = 14) consumed standard diet and plain water. It is shown, that fructose feeding in rats for 6 weeks contributes to development of the initial stages of the metabolic syndrome (hyperglycemia and visceral obesity). Nonesterified fatty acids and uric acid play a certain role in pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Presumably, it is necessary to use higher doses of fructose for a longer time for the development of classic fructose-induced metabolic syndrome with hyperuricemia.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):23-27
pages 23-27 views

Variability in blood and risk of mortality of cancer patients

Shoutko A.N., Ekimova L.P., Sokurenko V.P., Mus V.F., Matyurin K.S., Granov A.M.

Abstract

A comparison of periodic changes of circulating MNC subsets number and current rate of death for 69 cancer patients during last months of their life was performed with flow cytometry and mathematical approximation of kinetic curves by periodic and aperiodic functions. It is shown, that rate of death values oscillate along with life span reduction, being synchronized contrariwise (oppositely) with pulses of periodic recruitment of CD34+ progenitor cells and some other subsets into circulation. The more extensive the signs of periodicity are presented in comparing groups of patients the shorter the rest of their life span and less survival at referent time point. No matter for this rule, if the comparing groups belong to different nosology or pick out of one nosology
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):28-34
pages 28-34 views

Correction of complications in patients with invasive bladder cancer after the combination therapy

Kaprin A.D., Dobrovolskaya N.Y., Shestakov A.V., Shaipov M.K.

Abstract

Among the urinary organs neoplasms, bladder tumors are on the first place and account for 70% of all neoplasms. Increasing of lifetime in the developed countries and the worldwide tendency to ageing of the population, stipulates the malignant neoplasms morbidity. Despite the modern opportunity of early detection of bladder cancer (8C), in Russia only 70% cases are non-invasive tumors and 30% cases are muscular invasion. Approximately V, of patients with the II stage of disease have distant metastasis at the moment of establishing diagnosis. Transurethral resection (TUR) as a medical diagnostic procedure is of much importance and it is added by biopsy of tumor base including muscular tissue of ВС. BC division on the basis of muscular invasion degree has principal significance as treatment variants radically differ. The standard treatment of invasive BC is radical cystectomy with lymphadenectomy. This way of treatment is usual for patients with invasive BC without distant metastasis and involvement of regional lymphagland that is the stage T2-T36NOMO. 5-year survival rate of patients with invasive BC who were performed with radical cystectomy with lymphadenectomy, amounted to 58%. However, as a result of combination therapy usage including TUR with the follow-up radiochemotherapy, only 60-80% of patients were observed to have full tumor regression according to the data of several authors. It can be correlated to the application of radical cystectomy, but at the same time possible correction variants of complications after these different treatment methods are not investigated till the end.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):35-43
pages 35-43 views

Evaluation of antineuraminidase antibody in preclinical and clinical studies of seasonal trivalent live influenza vaccine

Smolonogina T.A., Desheva Y.A., Gorev N.E., Rudenko L.G.

Abstract

Antibodies to influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) is one of the factors for protection against influenza infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate homologous and heterologous antibody to influenza virus NA after immunization of volunteers with trivalent seasonal live influenza vaccine (LAIV) in the fall 2005. Anti-NA antibody response was estimated using NA inhibition test (N1) in fetuin coated microplates with reassortants based on A/equine/Prague/1/56(H7N7) influenza virus and containing N1 of different origin. Before immunization 16,1 % of 56 volunteers had antibody titers > 1:20 to NA of avian A(H5N1 ) influenza virus and 7,1% - to pandemic A(H1N1) of 2009 year. Immunization with LAIV result in statistically significant increased titers of N1 antibody only to seasonal A(H1N1) influenza virus and induced little cross-reactive antibody response to 2009 A(H1N1) or avian A(H5N1 ) influenza virus. The immune response to homologous NA was not dependent on anti-HA antibody levels before immunization.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):44-50
pages 44-50 views

Analysis of respiratory sinus arrhythmia during speech and in different functional states

Vovk O.N., Klimenko V.M.

Abstract

In the article is emphasized the meaning of objective physiological parameters of the intersystem cardiorespiratory interactions, such as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), i.e., changes in the heart rate connected with the phases of the respiratory cycle (an increase on inspiration and a decrease on expiration). To solve the problems of speech breathing and speech, we developed a new methodology for the study of the parameters of these functions, as well as for their correction and optimization, using adaptive self-regulation (ASR) in apparently healthy subjects and persons with disordered speech breathing and speech.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):51-64
pages 51-64 views

Peculiarities of neurohumoral regulation of motor function in children with congenital malformations of spine and spinal cord

Baindurashvili A.G., Avaliani T.V., Neuymina M.V., Vissarionov S.V.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the features of neurohumoral regulation at different stages of surgical treatment in children in early life with congenital malformation of the spine and spinal cord. Neurological examination has shown that not in all patients at early stages of the disease the neurological deficit is observed. However, testing the blood serum of these children has revealed the neurophysiological characteristics of regulatory reorganization of motor systems at the pre-clinical stage of the disease and the formation of new motor stereotypes after surgical treatment. By the method of biotesting the EMG indicators were revealed which allow to determine the justification of surgical intervention at this stage of ontogenesis.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):65-70
pages 65-70 views

Directions in diagnostics of gastric malt lymphoma

Kalinovsky V.P., Shumakov A.R., Tkachenko E.I., Limareva J.A.

Abstract

In review, recent data displayed regarding the state of ML-diagnostics in gastric area and possible next day-steps for improving the level of detection of the pathological changes. Possible association of ML detection with importance of early diagnostics of developing gastric cancer and noncancerous diseases is also discussed.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):71-84
pages 71-84 views

Influence of cardiorespiratory training on heart rate variability and psychological condition in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Yarmosh I.V., Boldueva S.A., Suvorov N.B.

Abstract

Cardiorespiratory training is an adaptive biological feedback by a cardiorhythm. The main criterion of successful training is cardiorespiratory synchronization. It is known that the application of cardiorespiratory training in patients with bronchial asthma and vegetative system dysfunction was successful. Autonomic disbalance, anxious and depression impair prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Application of cardiorespiratory training at hospital on 6-10 day's of uncomplicated AMI in addition to standard pharmacologic therapy could improve autonomic balance and manifestations of anxious and depression. The decreasing of numbers of complications of AMI was observed as at hospital as within one year follow-up.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):85-92
pages 85-92 views

Role of atypical bacteria and respiratory viruses in the development of community-acquired pneumonia in adult population of the Republic of Karelia

Larina N.A., Pisareva M.M., Grudinin M.P., Kiselev O.I., Dudanova O.P.

Abstract

We have examined 184 patients who had negative results in bacteriological analysis of sputum for typical bacteria. Nasopharyngeal swabs of 74 patients were tested with real-time PCR for genomes of influenza A and В viruses, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, and respiratory-syncytial-virus. For 60 patients ELISA was carried out to detect the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to mycoplasma and chlamidia pneumonia in pair sera, for 20 of them PCR analysis of sputum was also performed to detect genomes of mycoplasma pneumonia. In 50 patients with severe and moderate course of pneumonia, urine was tested by immunochromatography for legionella pneumophila antigen. Atypical bacterial flora was detected in 21,7% of patients, of those 11,7% had mycoplasma pneumonia, and 10,0% had chlamidia pneumonia. The clinical course of pneumonia was mild in all the patients, convalescence from pneumonia occurred within the usual period of time, and no complications were observed. The clinical picture was characterized by moderate intoxication and pulmonary consolidation syndrome, which was detected more frequently by radiological methods than by objective examination. Legionella pneumophila was not detected in the examined patients. Respiratory viruses were found in 12,2% of patients: 8,1% had adenovirus and 4,1% had influenza A virus (H3N2).The clinical picture was mild in all the patients. So, the contribution of atypical bacteria and respiratory viruses to the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in adult population of the Republic of Karelia was insignificant, amounting to 21,7% and 12,2% accordingly. Pneumonia of these etiologies was characterized by a mild course.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):93-99
pages 93-99 views

Intraluminal shunt during carotid endarterectomy

Zholkovskiy A.V., Ermolenko V.V., Abuazab B.S., Zhukova N.P., Koblov E.S., Dudanov I.P.

Abstract

Clamping of internal carotid artery (ICA) in conditions of insufficient collateral circulation leads to the cerebral hypoperfusion. In 20% of cases, postoperative stroke can be caused by hemodynamic insufficiency. We analyse our experience of temporary shunting (TS) aimed to maintain cerebral perfusion during the vascular clamping. From January 2009 to May 2011, the Pruitt-Inahara TS was used during carotid surgery at 40 patients. Cases of acute cerebral ischemic events (ACIE) were not registered in the postoperative period and during follow-up. The facial neuropathy, which regressed 2-4 weeks postoperatively, was observed at 3 patients being caused by tissue traction during the dissection of «high» bifurcation of ICA. There v/ere not septic complications. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and other methods of monitoring are appropriate for assessment of TS function.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):100-104
pages 100-104 views

The role of foot collateral blood supply in the healing of ischemic wounds and limb salvage in patients with critical lower limb ischemia

Platonov S.A., Kaputin M.Y., Ovcharenko D.V., Chistyakov S.P., Voronkov A.A., Zavacky V.V., Dudanov I.P.

Abstract

A retrospective evaluation of 192 endovascular interventions in patients with ischemic wounds, which were performed from November 2006 to March 2011. In accordance with the type of revascularization performed, patients were divided into the three groups. Direct revascularization (DR - the restoration of blood flow by the artery directly supplying the injured angiosome) was performed in 84 cases, indirect revascularization through the collateral vessel (IRC - the restoration of blood flow by the artery feeding the injured angiosome through the collateral vessel) - in 54 observations and indirect revascularization (IR - the restoration of blood supply to the foot in the absence of visible collateral vessels to the ischemic angiosome) - in 54 cases. Percentage of unhealed ulcers in DR, IRC and IR groups was 9%, 19% and 61% at 6 months and 2%, 4% and 27% at 12 months after ER, respectively. There were no statistical difference in healing time between DR and IRC groups (p=0,24). The healing process in patients of IR group was significantly longer, compared with DR and IRC groups (p<0,0001 in both cases). Limb salvage in DR, IRC, and IR groups was 99%, 100% and 90% at 6 months, 96%, 95% and 76% at 12 months and 96%, 90% and 64% at 3 years after ER, respectively. Limb salvage in IR group was significantly lower than in DR and IRC groups (p=0,01 when compared with DR group, p=0,03 when compared with IRC group), in which this parameter was not significantly different (p=0,65). Conclusions: Restoration of blood flow to the injured angiosome when ER is performed in patients with CLI significantly reduces healing time of ischemic ulcers of the foot and leads to a reduction of major amputation frequency. The results of IRC are not significantly different from the results of DR.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):105-111
pages 105-111 views

Saint-Petersburg Pasteur station

Andryushkevich T.V., Mazing Y.A.

Abstract

St. Petersburg Pasteur station was only Institution of this kind, that happened to Initiate the world's first medical-biological research center. In an article dedicated to the 125-th anniversary of the opening of the station, describes the history of its creation and traced the path of becoming a Institute of Experimental Medicine (IEM). Consider the outcome of immunization branch of the IEM and its role in the development of anti-rabies Service of the North-West Russia.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):112-121
pages 112-121 views

SEMIGLAZOV Vladimir Fedorovich. K 70-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya

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Medical academic journal. 2011;11(3):122-123
pages 122-123 views


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