Vol 10, No 4 (2012)
- Year: 2012
- Published: 15.12.2012
- Articles: 13
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/RCF/issue/view/62
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RCF104
Articles
Metabolic correction of polyorgan failure in the early stage of traumatic toxicosis
Abstract
The development of hepatorenal syndrome and endotoxicosis in severe compression trauma is revewed in the article. The main attention is paid to prevention of organ pathology in traumatic toxicosis by means of antihypoxic drugs. The perspectives of succinate-containing antihypoxants for the correction of functional and metabolic activity of the liver in traumatic toxicosis are observed.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):3-15
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Effect of general vibration on functions of breath chain in the rabbit parenchimatic organs
Abstract
The purpose of the paper was to study the activity of energy producing system of the rabbit liver and ren after exposure to general vibration of different type regimens. The energy dependent reactions of native mitochondria were investigated by means of polarographic method using Clark’s closed membrane electrode. The energy producing system of the liver and ren was shown to be involved in response reaction of the organism on vibration exposure. The degree of functional activity of the liver and ren mitochondria depended on the studied regimens of vibration (frequency and duration) and manifested with misbalance between FAD- and NAD-depended links of the breath chain. The increase in frequency and duration of vibration led to low energetic shift with activation of the oxidative system for succinate and the inhibition of NAD-depended link of the breath chain in mitochondria as well as with dystrophy of the liver tissue.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):16-29
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Methodological approaches to determination of alcohol-related mortality in Russia and abroad
Abstract
The main methodological approaches to determination of alchol-related mortality (ARM), or alcohol-attributable mortality in Russia and abroad are revewed in the article. The characteristics of ARM as a phenomenon with complex internal structure have been done. The all alone conception of ARM as well as a number of its components are absent at the present time. The main methodological problems of identification of ARM in Russia and abroad are analyzed. The role of alcohol drinking pattern and dangerous influence of ethanol on human health are determined but only partially. The differences in determination of ARM in Russia and abroad have been revealed. The epidemiological approaches for determination of ARM without official statistics have got a number of objective reasons, e.g. first of all nonpossibility to determine all cases of mortality from alcohol-releted states registered by national services of statistics and low significance of primary medical documentation.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):30-41
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Asymmetry in the content of brain monoamines of BALB/c mice reared in social isolation conditions
Abstract
The effects of long-term social isolation on the content and metabolism of dopamine and serotonin systems were studied in symmetrical brain structures of BALB/c male mice. With HPLC the contents of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum of both the right and the left hemispheres of the brain in mice reared in groups and social isolation. The isolated mice were characterized by reduced level of DA in the left striatum and elevated level of 5-HIAA and ratio 5-HIAA/5-HT in the right striatum. In the hippocampus of isolated mice, the activation of both DA-ergic and 5-HT-ergic systems was observed, that is the high level of DA and DOPAC in the left hippocampus and the elevated level of 5-HT in both hemispheres and of 5-HIAA in the right hippocampus were registered. On the other hand, the reduction of both DA-ergic and 5-HT-ergic systems activity was shown to be in the right hemisphere. The decreased concentration of DOPAC and ratio DOPAC/DA in the right cortex were observed as well. As to 5-HT-ergic system, the reduced level of 5-HT in the both cortex of the hemispheres as well as 5-HIAA in the right hemisphere of isolated mice was determined. The phenomenon of interhemispheric asymmetry was revealed in the hippocampus only, which was characterized by the increased DA-ergic activity in the left hippocampus but not in the striatum and the cortex.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):42-48
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Antihistamine activity of the new peptidepreparation from the cod liver
Abstract
The effect of the peptide substance on the induced production of histamine by culture of basophile, interaction of the preparation with the H1-histamine receptors and possible sedative effect on animal models were studied. The introduction of the peptide substance in cell culture of basophile didn’t have a significant effect on the histamine release. Study of the interaction of the polypeptide substance with H1-histamine receptors of guinea pig ileum showed that the preparation inhibits the response of unstriated muscles to histamine. The effect was similar to antihistamine drug - ketotifen. In the models of “open field” and “elevated criss-cross labyrinth” it was found that the peptide preparation hasn’t a sedative effect.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):49-53
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Thermoexchange of different regions of the human body with environment
Abstract
The literature and proper data concerning evaluation of thermoproduction and thermoutput of different regions of the human body are analyzed in the article. The human thermoexchange with environment was assessed in human beings weighing 69–73 kg in special thermocamera. The organism was shown to change temperature of the body tissues in definite limits only by means of thermotransfer without changing thermoproduction and thermoutput. This mechanism can explain the phenomenon of subfebrile temperature in various human diseases.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):54-57
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SAFETY OF NEW SUBSTANCES WITH PROTECTIVEACTIVITY IN ACUTE EXOGENOUS HYPOXIA
Abstract
In the article are represented results of both acute toxicities and safety determination of selenium-containing metal-complex substances πQ1983, πQ2170 that have high pharmacological activities in acute exogenous hypoxia after their introperitoneal or enteral introductions in mice. According with established parameters LD50 the couple of studied substances must be referred to the category of high toxic chemical agents. However, substance πQ1983 can be recommended for its preclinical investigation because it has enough permissible parameters of ED50 and therapeutic indexes.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):58-62
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Influence of metaprot and hypoxen on the inflammatory reaction development in the experiment
Abstract
The dynamics of the acute inflammatory response was observed in the experiment modeling caragenin-induced rat paw inflammation. The changes in the volume of damaged limb (paw edema) and indices of free radical oxidation were registered. Acetylsalicylic acid in the dose of 100 mg/kg was shown to reduce the development of inflammation. Hypoxen and metaprot in the dose of 50 mg/kg have got low anti-inflammatory activity, but potentiated the effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Simultaneous enteral administration of hypoxen and metaprot with the acetylsalicylic acid during the treatment with caragenin the powerful anti-inflammatory effect was marked, it was presented with a significant decrease in the parameters of inflammation recorded and rapid recovery of the damaged limb. The combination of hypoxen with acetylsalicylic acid was the most effective one.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):63-66
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THE MOLLUSC IONIC CURRENTS CHANGES AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF N-PHENYLALKYL DERIVATIVES OF TAURINE
Abstract
The transmembrane sodium, potassium and calcium ionic currents were studied after extracellular administration of N-phenylalkyl derivatives of taurine in concentrations 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mM. The method of intracellular dialysis with fixed membrane potential was used in model of isolated neurons of the mollusks Lymnaea stagnalis and Planorbarius corneus. The solutions containing 1 and 10 mM of the compounds studied did not change ionic channels activity in isolated neurons. Concentrations 100 and mM depressed reversibly all currents in the dose-dependent manner: taurine < TAU-02 < TAY-15 < TAU-60. The voltage-amplitude membrane characteristics as well as kinetics of the currents did not change.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):67-72
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Study of central effects for calcium antagonists of the 2-H-1-benzopiran line in condition of experimental neurotic state
Abstract
Calcium antagonists of the 2-H-1-benzopiran line (substances AVD-6 and AVD-7) were shown to reveal anxiolytic action in experimental neurotic states. Substance AVD-33 had nootropic action in condition of chronical neurotisation in a one trial passive avoidance test.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):73-77
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HYPOTHERMIC EFFECT OF ANTIHYPOXANTS πQ1983 AND πQ2170
Abstract
In experiments on mice the influence of the new antihypoxants (selenium containing metal complex substances πQ1983, πQ2170) on rectal temperature level dynamic after parenteral and enteral introductions was studied. It is established that both substances perform clear dose-dependent hypothermic effect exceeding an action of the antihypoxant amthizole. Was supposed that substance πQ2170 has high acute toxicity affirmed by significant mice death-rate.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):78-82
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Design of ELISA test-kits for organ specific autoantibodies determination on the base of microsome fractions of adrenal and gonads steroid producing cells
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design ELISA test-kits for quantitative measurement of autoantibodies to immune reactive structures of human steroid-producing cells. The antigens were immobilized in solid phase including microsome fractions of human adrenals, Leidig male cells and female ovarian granulose cells. The use of biopsy of human adrenal and gonad material, standardized antibodies fractions of patients with adrenal or gonad autoimmune lesion, have permitted to design ELISA test-kits. That test-kits have high sensibility and specificity to organ-specific autoantibodies for autoimmune diseases. These test-kits on the bases of microsome fractions of human adrenals and gonads as immobilized antigens have sensibility, accuracy and precision needed for such routine ELISA kits.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):83-90
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Expediency of application of animals with the spontaneous hypertensia for modelling of the metabolic syndrome
Abstract
When used within 11 weeks of diet “cafeteria diet” in spontaneously-hypertensive animals could lead to an increase in systolic blood pressure by 9%, sustained hyperglycemia, increased blood concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as an increase in the relative content of visceral fat. In normotensive animals line Wistar-Kyoto prolonged use of “cafeteria diet” was accompanied only by an increase in blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Thus, the spontaneously hypertensive animals, the application of high-calorie diet demonstrated by three criteria pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome: hyperglycemia, hypertension and visceral obesity, which allows you to use the model for the study of drugs aimed at treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;10(4):91-94
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