Vol 4, No 2 (2013)

The results of clinical observation of children with lacunar tonsilitis treated with clarithromycin and cefazolin intramuscularly antibiotic therapy in an infectious diseases hospital. A comparable good clinical and microbiological efficacy of the two drugs was shown. However, clarithromycin demonstrated benefits. The results of clinical observation of children with lacunar tonsilitis treated with clarithromycin and cefazolin intramuscularly antibiotic therapy in an infectious diseases hospital. A comparable good clinical and microbiological efficacy of the two drugs was shown. However, clarithromycin demonstrated benefits.

The article presents some information on environmental conditions of a single of the largest in the North-West Federal District. Have learned the basic indicators of the health of children living in St. Petersburg, testifying of irregularities in the health of children. Negative tendencies in the dynamics of the basic of Medical and Biological health parameters studied group. In order to enhance the prevention occurrence of diseases are outlined organizational measures directed at strengthening the health of children living in the modern ecological situation of a large industrial center of the Russian Federation.

The authors analyze the results of treatment of 45 children with bacterial conjunctivitis (87 eyes). All patients were divided into 3 groups: children of the first group received instillations of 0.3 % ofloxacin (Uniflox, Unimed Pharma), the second — 0.5 % levofloxacin (Oftaquix, Santen or Signizef, Promed Exports), the third — 0.3 % ciprofloxacin (Ciprolet, Dr Reddy`s Laboratories; Cilloxan, Alcon; Cipromed, Promed Exports). The patients received one of the above-mentioned fluoroquinolones 1 drop to each eye 5 times a day during 7 days. All patients were examined: plating of conjunctival cavity content, biomicroscopy of cornea and conjunctiva, staining of cornea and conjunctiva with fluorescein, measurement of tear film stability. All patients filled the questionnaire to estimate the tolerability of drugs. Results: eye drops containing 0.3 % ofloxacin, 0.5 % levofloxacin and 0.3 % ciprofloxacin showed equally high clinical effectiveness. The tolerability of ofloxacin and lexofloxacin drops was higher than ciprofloxacin according to subjective and objective (toxic effect to cornea) criteria.

Authors analyze the results of examination of 33 children with congenital glaucoma in the age from 3 till 17 years old. Two groups were sorted out. Children of the first group were treated with 0.5 % timolol maleat, the minimal duration of treatment was 6 months (6 months–7 years). The second group included patients with congenital glaucoma without conservative treatment. The control group included 226 healthy children in the age from 3 till 17 years old without complaints and symptoms of dry eye. The decrease of tear break-up time was revealed in all children with congenital glaucoma. In patients receiving β-blocking treatment the decrease of basal tear secretion was also detected.

Hormonal and immune disturbances were investigated in high-qualified sportsmen during different periods of training cycle. Changed correlation of cortisol and testosterone levels was revealed. This fact is directly associated with significant immune dysfunction of Tand B-systems which leads to progression of cellular and humoral autoimmune reactions. These changes occure in the transitional period of the training cycle. It was confirmed that autoimmune reactions may be considered as the earliest markers of stress cardiomyopathy. Those sportsmen who develop these reactions must be classified as a risk-group.

The levels of quality of life and the regularity of rectal rhythm was investigated in three groups of students: paediatricians, hygienists and general practitioners (GP). It was shown that students-paediatricians with regular rectal rhythm (RRR) have dominated the optimal level of quality of life (80 %–100 % from the maximum possible), while their colleagues with an irregular rectal rhythm (IRR) have dominated the moderate level of quality of life (40 %–60 %). Among students-hygienists with the RRR anxiety and insomnia were 2–3 times more rare than among their colleagues with IRR. Quality of life in students-GP with the RRR (according to the parameters of physical activity, daily activities and absence of pain) was significantly higher (74 %) than in their colleagues with IRR (65 %). RRR is the factor for a high level of quality of life, but IRR is associated with decreased levels of the quality of life of medical students.

Currently, personalized medicine is one of the most promising areas of medicine XXI century. We review the data on the use of screening drugs in vitro by its effect on the thiol-disulfide ratio (TDR) of blood for the personalized treatment of chronic hepatitis C, herpes and human papillomavirus infection, chronic bronchitis, repeated giardiasis in children and adults, as well as personalized immunotherapy of frequently ill children. It is concluded that this method can be used to personalize the antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal and immunotherapy in children in order to increase its efficiency, to overcome resistance to antibiotic, antiviral, antiprotozoal and immune drugs, search for the best medications, their dosages and combinations, reducing the incidence of side effects and cost of treatment.

The editorial commemorating St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical Universaty Clinical Pharmacology Department 30th anniversaty portrays basic historical stages of its development as well as achievements and contributions by the Depatment leading scientists into Clinical Pharmacology.

The lecture presents modern representations about etiopathogenesis and classification of the protracted subfebrile fever in children, the main features of the methodology of children examination are taken up. There are described the mechanisms of thermoregulation in early chidhood. The consecutive algorithm of diagnostic search is presented in order to determine the reasons of the protracted subfebrile fever. These reasons correlates with background microsemiology and age of the child. In the separate block there are presented the short description and methods of diagnostics of the endemic diseases. The separate block of the general anamnestic risk factors of the protracted subfebrile fever in childhood is allocated. In the separate block there are presented the short description and methods of diagnostics of the endemic diseases. Diagnostic search of the reasons of the protracted subfebrile fever in children surely should come to an end with the diagnosis, which is present in the international classification of diseases of the X revision.