Том 13, № 1 (2023)

The purpose of writing this paper is to identify methodological approaches to solving the fundamental scientific problem of conflictological analysis of regional development problems under the influence of ethno-political factors. In the context of the modern information age of the spread of new social media and a sharp increase in the role of the media, the most significant process is the discursive construction of social reality, which actualizes the consideration of discourse analysis methods as an explanatory model for the emergence and dynamics of conflicts, as a way to identify traditional and new factors influencing ethnopolitical processes in a multiethnic social environment.

The purpose of the research. The objective of this study is an attempt to prove the importance of the teachings of Jesus Christ in matters of theoretical and practical study of public administration and politics in general in the leading secular states living according to the principles of modern liberalism, as well as to demonstrate the presence of political motives in the teachings of the founder of Christianity. Results. In the course of the study, conclusions were drawn that the teachings of Jesus are not devoid of a political component. The gospels, when properly interpreted, provide the world with a great deal of valuable political information about the teachings of Jesus, which can complement scientific knowledge in the study of government and politics in general.

The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the features of political modernization in traditional societies on the example of the North Caucasus. The main attention is paid to contradictions and factors that generate crises of political modernization. The conditions of the modernization process, the structural components of traditional societies are revealed, the types of crises accompanying the modernization process are characterized, the factors that determine the success of modernization in transforming societies are analyzed. This article also attempts to delve into the essence of the specifics of political modernization in the North Caucasus. The author examines the problem of modernization through the prism of political, socio-economic, cultural and other features of the region, which are deeply interconnected and have common roots. The author concludes that the success of democratic transit depends on the presence in society of a mature social base, structured civil society institutions, an effective multiparty system, which, due to various circumstances, have not developed in the North Caucasus. An equally important factor hindering modernization in this region is the polyethnicity and multi-confessional society characteristic of the North Caucasus. Religion, which has a fairly strong position in the region, has a significant influence on political processes. The article also examines the role of ethnic elites, whose activities determine the specifics of relations in society.

The article presents an analysis of the most significant factors influencing the processes of formation of the statehood of modern Yemen. The authors proceed from the fact that the actions of these factors manifest themselves in a complex, often contradictory way, which increases the level of conflictogenicity, becoming the cause of military clashes leading to civil war and revolutions.

The article analyzes the transformation of the human intellect as a connection between the collective conscious and the collective unconscious. The phenomenon of the collective professional unconscious is examined. Learning is defined as a directed transformation of the intellect of the individual, providing the possibility of effective communication with the information environment. The authors substantiate the hypothesis that human intelligence is dual in nature and is determined by the nature of interpersonal communications, as a result of which a common neural network is formed. The professional collective unconscious, as a segment of the collective unconscious, is responsible for the highest levels of professionalism – for the presence of professional intuition, for flashes of creative activity, the so-called “insights”, etc. The authors come to the conclusion that the use of the collective professional unconscious makes it possible to move to a different level of interaction with transpersonal information structures. This approach now opens up new opportunities in learning.

This article discusses the issue related to the sociological analysis of the role of the media in the formation of trust in artificial intelligence. The author studied the fields of application of artificial intelligence, its relationship with the media, as well as the concept of natural language processing. Natural language processing is one of the newest technologies of artificial intelligence application and can be integrated by mass media into the process of writing reports and texts. An important place in this work is given to the author’s research conducted in August 2022. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between how people relate to the media and artificial intelligence, and how they evaluate headlines created by journalists or AI. The results of the study revealed similarities between texts compiled by artificial intelligence and texts written by journalists. In the final part of the article, the authors formulated the main recommendations for increasing confidence in artificial intelligence in the context of media influence on it. The key conclusion of this scientific work is the following aspect: with automatic text generation, consumers’ perception of the quality of news plays an important role in establishing the relationship between people and artificial intelligence.

Today, employers and employees often move away from the model of traditional employment, i.e., performance of work within the framework of labor relations between the employee and the employer hiring them based on an open-ended employment contract, at fixed hours, in accordance with generally accepted labor standards. The purpose of the study is to identify the alternative types of labor and non-standard forms of labor behavior existing in the secondary employment market in Russia. Based on a literature analysis and an expert survey, the study shows that non-standard forms of employment are becoming increasingly popular in the modern labor market. They include employment not regulated by an employment contract, employment for a certain period, part-time employment, irregular working hours, as well as working outside the employer’s location. Over the past decades, the development of alternative types of labor and non-standard forms of employment has become one of the most important phenomena in the modern labor market. It is expected to play a leading role in increasing the flexibility of the labor market.

The purpose of this scientific article is to analyze modern foreign methods in the field of sustainable development assessment. Within the framework of the work, the main aspects related to foreign methods of assessing sustainable development were studied, their features were highlighted. In addition, differences between foreign and domestic methods were identified, as a result of which proposals for the introduction of certain aspects into Russian practice were described. The analysis of foreign experience allowed the author to formulate the following distinctive feature: the use of a large number of indicators, which is accompanied by a more thorough selection of the necessary indicators compared to Russian methods, as a result of which the entire structure is more complex and balanced. Conclusions. Most foreign methods for assessing sustainable regional development are based on the derivation of integral indicators based on the results of the analysis, which increases the effectiveness of the analysis and makes the process of interpreting the results simpler.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the “story of the history of the emergence of European nations” as a historical narrative; the variability of “told stories” presented in the form of scientific sociological discourses reveals significant “ambiguities” (E. Balibar) in the representation of the nation, which provides material (objects) for subject thematization in scientific research. The task is to identify and determine the conditions for the possibility of a consistent representation of the nation and the principle of its structure. The second part of the analysis of the narrative history of the emergence and formation of European nations focuses on M. Foucault’s statement that “a nation is one of the forms of civil society”. It is revealed that the political community of the “nation” as an actor of the revolutionary struggle is defined in the “discourse of war”; the population as an object of “police care of the state» in the managerial paradigm is attributed the freedom of rational pursuit of particular interests, that is, the right to «public use of freedom” (I. Kant) within the framework defined in this way; the institution of such freedom is called “civil society”; the nation is presented as a form of unity (together with the state, on whose behalf the narrative of the nation is built), restraining the “centrifugal” of particular interests. It is concluded that the nation is presented as an intermediary between citizens and the political order of a liberal state.

Interest in the analysis of trust in social communications is due to the fact that modern society is subject to a number of global challenges in economics and politics. Young people, as the most susceptible and labile group of the population, may experience the negative impact of these challenges, coupled with a crisis of values and social guidelines. The purpose of the research is to analyze the perceptions of trust among bachelor students from Moscow universities in the context of social communications. Empirical data are presented by the results of a survey of full-time students living in Moscow and the Moscow Region (n = 441, 2021). The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is formed by the theories of trust of Russian and foreign researchers (F. Fukuyama, Yu. Lo, P.M. Doni, V.Yu. Stolyar, P.M. Kozyreva, S.V. Ryzhova, et al.). The scientific novelty of the study is the identified patterns of the phenomenon of trust in the youth environment. The results of the study show the ambiguity of the interpretation of trust by students. In building trusting relationships, honesty, openness and sincerity are most significant for students. Most consider it impossible to have relationships without trust with relatives and friends. In intercultural communications, it is easier for students to trust post-Soviet citizens. For barriers of trust, the most significant was the socio-cultural barrier (difference in mentality, norms, values, the presence of stereotypes, etc.), as well as the language barrier. The conclusions and recommendations presented in the article can be used in further research on student trust, as well as for making managerial decisions to strengthen the value of trust in education.

The article analyzes the change in the education system under the influence of global processes. The author analyzes the evolution of scientific approaches to the formation and development of the global system of school and higher education, taking into account technological, economic and social changes dictated by the consequences of 4 industrial revolutions and 5 promising technological. The article describes the most common problems of modern mass education and possible scenarios for their elimination from the point of view of socio-political changes in society. In this regard, the author’s goal was to identify changes in the educational process in the context of global processes. As a conclusion, the author gives a forecast of the formation of a modern system in the field of education, believing that technological development together with globalization processes will give people the missing element for the future synergy of scientific and theological knowledge. At the same time, understanding the historical retrospective of the formation of basic humanitarian values, striving for progress, overcoming the captivity of basic needs and combining rational and spiritual knowledge will create the basis for building the education system of the future. A change in the policy aimed at the educational process is necessary. If education cannot respond to all the challenges and problems of modern society, then the number of people left unclaimed in the new economic and political conditions will only grow.

The role of corporations in world politics continues to grow: today corporations are not only actors in world politics, whose capitalization competes with the nominal GDP of the world’s leading states. Nowadays corporations are the actors of public diplomacy gaining more and more weight. The goal of this article is to consider the theory of corporate public diplomacy and to research the formats of cooperation between the corporation and the state in the mutual promotion of their own brands on the example of the case study of the Swedish corporations IKEA, VOLVO, H&M: the article considers the use of the home country brand by the corporation in its own promotion, as well as the promotion of the national values of Sweden and the national brand of Sweden through advertising to a foreign audience. The article provides a SWOT analysis of corporate public diplomacy for both the state and the corporation, which demonstrates certain threats to both sides. As a conclusion a definition of corporate public diplomacy is given, based on the analysis of both the theoretical base and the practical operations of corporations.

The Chinese modernization road means that the Communist Party of China faces up to the special starting point of semi-colonial and semi-feudal modernization and the unequal pattern of the world modernization system. It is based on China’s actual conditions and follows the strategic thinking of “putting people’s livelihood first”, “development is of paramount importance” and “transformation and development”. The results of optimizing and innovating the linear modernization model of capitalism and the structural modernization model of developing countries concentrate the practical process of the Communist Party of China uniting and leading the Chinese people to successfully realize the social transformation and development, which is a highly condense and theoretical summary of the successful experience of the social transformation and development of contemporary China. Transformation and development has not only ontological significance, but also methodological significance for the Chinese modernization road, which is the key code to understand the Chinese modernization road.