Vol 18, No 3 (2017)

The work is devoted to the identification of hydraulic resistance coefficients in hydraulic network model. The prob- lem raised in the paper is relevant for enterprises dealing with either pipeline transport of fluid hydrocarbons, or water supply and central heating. The proposed algorithm can be implemented for corresponding technological modes calcu- lation and prediction. Complexity of real pipeline networks, uncertainty and instability of their parameters make parameters identification procedure indispensable. The network model under research is a system of nonlinear equa- tions, drawn up in accordance with Kirchhoff’s laws for pipeline networks. Equations describe laws of flows conserva- tion for nodes as well as pump heads and head drops along independent circuits of the network. To solve such system one traditionally implements Newton’s method or its modifications, for instance the successive approximation method. Mentioned methods have numerous disadvantages like instability and sensibility to initial approximation of the roots. The system of equations solving is accompanied with their parameters tuning usually with the Nonlinear Least Square Method. Again, the method can be instable due to overdefined and large-scale problem statement. In the paper we pro- pose to substitute solution of the system with nonparametric estimation of the solution. We implement regression type estimate with respect to residuals of the equations calculated for measured data sample. Simultaneously parameters of the equations are identified. Modification of Kiefer-Wolfowitz procedure is used as an identification algorithm. Iden- tification is performed with simultaneous evaluation of the solution of the system of equations. The use of appropriate algorithms is considered at three-loop pipeline network with a single active pressure. Numerical experiments with proposed algorithm demonstrate its applicability for practical identification problems solution.

Nowadays one of the most used tools to protect data from unauthorized access is block symmetric-key cryptographic algorithms. The rapid growth of computer processing power and significant development of linear cryptanalysis actual- ize the task to continue increasing reliability of the existing algorithms, as well as developing new ones. An important component in determining the stability of a block symmetric-key cryptographic algorithm to the most common types of cryptanalysis is the quality of S-box substitution. This work was aimed at calculating and achieving all possible S-box substitutions, based on irreducible polynomials over the Galois field and their compositions. For this purpose a set of programs to obtain S-box substitutions which have different cryptographic characteristics with its help was developed. Calculation of the quantitative values of these characteristics was performed by presenting S-box substitutions in the form of sets of Boolean functions. Particular attention was paid to such characteristics as nonlinearity of Boolean func- tions, the maximum modulus of the correlation coefficients and the numbers of zeros of the correlation matrix of S-box substitutions, as those are the most important characteristics. These blocks substitutions can be the basis for further study of possible options to improve Rijndael algorithm’s cryptographic reliability.

This paper is devoted to navigation signal simulator calibration. The description of uncertainty estimation of inter- nal signal simulator delay, which is caused by impedance of measurement equipment (navigation signal simulator, analyzer and measurement cable) mismatch, is shown in the paper. The aim of research is to get expression to count uncertainty of simulator internal delay and to give its quantitative assessment. The uncertainty is caused by presence of reflected signal at the input of signal delay estimation algorithm. Reflected signal has place because input/output impedances of measurement equipment are different. The simplified mathematical model of signal at the signal delay estimation algorithm input is given. Correlation algorithm work for given model of signal has been analyzed. Two expressions for systematic uncertainty of delay estimation count have been derived and their inaccuracy has been esti- mated by means of modelling. The first expression is universal for all variety of navigation signals; the second is more accurate and takes into account spectral characteristics of the concrete navigation signal. The quantitative assessment of uncertainty, based on modern measurement equipment is given - at the length of measurement cable about one meter systematic uncertainty can reach 100-150 picoseconds. Conclusion was made, that at modern requirements to navigation signal simulators calibration, impedance mismatch must be taken into account. The information, mentioned in this paper, can be used at internal delay of navigation receivers’ estimation when receivers are calibrated by means of navigation signal simulator.

This article is about geostationary collocation problem which means problem of cooperative station retention. As part of this task it is assumed that different control centers don’t exchange information about kinematic parameter’s vectors and maneuvers. So there is full information and control possibility for one collocation member only. Sets of kinematic parameter vectors are available for the other collocation members. This situation corresponds to lack of a priority information conditions, so there is f nonparametric uncertainty situation because due to absence of informa- tion on parametric control law which is used to choose maneuvers for other collocation members. Modern collocation theory doesn’t allow to avoid collision and process station retention in this condition. Synthesis of nonparametric regu- lator is in contemplation to solve this problem. First task of this regulator is estimation of previous maneuvers by proces- sing kinematic parameter vectors sets. Second task is estimation of coordinates for every collocation member. Finally, nonparametric regulator must synthesize control which allows to process station retention and collocation. Suggested algorithm belongs to nonparametric class, so it is not necessary to know parametric form of controlling law. It is based on modification of Nadaraya-Watson nonparametric estimation. The geostationary movement model including main perturbations, and most common collocation approaches are suggested. Nonparametric control algorithm is proposed.

The theory of limit state deals with statically determinate condition of solids. In this case the system is closed due to extreme conditions, such properties of matter such as viscosity, elasticity, etc. cannot influence the limit state. In other words, when reaching the limit state the nature of the relationship between stress and strain has no effect on the ulti- mate state. The study of such systems has been consistently pursued by D. D. Ivlev and his coauthors. To the equilib- rium equations they attached two or an equation relating the components of the stress tensor. This led to the closure of the system of equilibrium equations. In the theory of plasticity equations, which are closed with a single yield stress are studied well. The most well-known system describing the ultimate state of deformable bodies are well-studied equations describing the torsion of the plastic bodies, the two-dimensional stationary problem of the theory of plasticity. The arti- cle discusses some other systems of equations which are closed only by one equation of flow, which corresponds to the classical theory of plasticity. It is assumed that the components of the velocity vector depend only on two spatial coor- dinates. In addition, for the component of velocity vector conditions of deformations compatibility are performed identi- cally. The constructed systems can be used to describe the twisting of the parallelepiped around the three orthogonal axes. For the constructed system of equations point group symmetries, conservation laws have been found. It is shown that the system allows 8 -dimensional Lie algebra. On the basis of the symmetry group some classes of invariant solutions of rank 1 have been constructed. They depend on arbitrary functions of one variable. It is shown that these solutions can be used to describe plastic torsion of a parallelepiped around three orthogonal axes. It is shown that the system admits infinite series of conservation laws. The concluding paragraph describes the construction of elastic solutions to the problem. It is shown that it boils down to finding three harmonic functions.

The experimental evaluation of the working process stability with respect to acoustic oscillations in combustion chambers and gas generators of liquid rocket engines is one of the main methods used in rocket engine construction. External and internal disturbing devices using explosive hexogen often lead to the damage to the fire walls and struc- tural elements of the aggregates The disadvantages of traditional external impulse devices also include a considerable wide range of the pressure pulses values generated by them in the combustion chamber with the same value of the sam- ple of the explosive and with the constant parameters of the atmosphere in the combustion chamber, which is due to the scatter of the explosives characteristics. An alternative approach is proposed for creating a pulse effect on the working process in the combustion chamber by exploding an electrical conductor. The disturbing device is made with an explo- sive chamber connected by a channel with the reaction volume of the combustion chamber. In the electro-impulse dis- turbing device a thin wire fastened to isolated electrodes is used instead of the charge of the explosive. As a substance used to create a pressure pulse, this generator uses gas filling the blasting chamber, the mass of which depends on the pressure in the combustion chamber and in the chamber of the electro-impulse perturbative device. If one immediately heats this gas to a temperature of several thousand degrees, one can get a gas that is close in parameters to the com- bustion products of explosives in traditional external impulse devices. Such heating can be carried out by discharging through a wire of an electric capacitor charged to several thousand volts. First, instantaneous (for several microsec- onds) evaporation of the wire, and then through the plasma channel formed at the site of the wire, the final discharge of the capacitor takes place, with virtually all of the energy stored in the capacitor discharged. The plasma temperature in this case, according to different sources, can reach from several tens of thousands to one million degrees. The gas is also heated by adiabatic compression with a shock wave. The metal particles formed after the evaporation of the wire and the condensation of the vapor have a value of several nanometers and, therefore, do not damage the inner layer of the combustion chamber. The methodological bases are considered and the algorithm for estimating the stocks of stability to acoustic vibrations from the reaction of the combustion process to such pulsed artificial disturbances is developed. There have been developed electro-impulse disturbing devices that reduce the risk of damage to the compo- nents of liquid rocket engine assemblies in full-scale and model test, and have an obvious prospect for widespread use.

A current mainstream phenomenon is the design of ground based and onboard multifunctional radio electronics complexes, which are based on new technical solutions, including the application of active phased antenna arrays. This boosts the functional integration of the system equipment. Depending on the tasks, such antenna systems contain from hundreds to several thousand active modules. In this regard, the probability of failure of the active module drastically increases in comparison with the passive phased array. In these circumstances, ensuring the efficiency of active phased antenna arrays is a paramount task. In this paper we discuss the influence of operating temperature on the radiation characteristics in active phased antenna arrays onboard spacecraft.

The Department of Closed Ecological Systems of Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology together with the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS are developing the artificial high-performance physicochemical link of the decomposers for bio technical life support systems for space applications, in particular for the forthcoming experiment BIOS-4 with a crew of 3 people. The physicochemical processing of waste is required because of the very large buffer capacities thus masses for orbital launching of many natural components comprising the biological waste treatment links. A subsystem of physicochemical reactors for the processing of wastes into fertilizers for cultivating edible plants on hydroponics is being periodically improved. Different versions of the similar functional links with dif- ferent characteristics are being developed in parallel. The subject of the article is the subsystem of physical-chemical rectors of organic waste processing in the bio technical life support system BIOS-4. The aim is to present the review of peculiarities of the development of the organic wastes treatment physical-chemical reactors subsystem based on “wet combustion” method, as well as its automation and computer monitoring of the process flow parameters. The consid- ered technological subsystem of organic wastes treatment into fertilizers applied to space application closed ecosystems comprises the reactors of “wet combustion”, urea decomposition, and H2O2 synthesis. The authors develop a united interface of collecting data of the reactors operation parameters, and the reactor’s automation control system. Techni- cal details of the ongoing, developed and projected processes are presented. A holistic view has been given of the physical-chemical reactors waste processing link at the BIOS-4 experimental facility today. To date, existing installa- tions or conceptual solutions for their development, including automation, are presented for all the main links of the technological chain of waste processing with reference to the bio technical life support systems for space purposes, and their optimization and experimental verification are carried out.

Navigational equipment is currently used to solve a variety of tasks, such as providing civil and special aviation, navigating, surveying and mapping, Internet devices and unmanned vehicles perfomance. The level of technological development of digital signal processing devices at first glance removes the need for deep study of computational algorithms, but this is only at first glance. As a result of expanding the scope of navigation tools, there is a need to increase the working channels, increase the dynamic range of the processed signals, and also improve the reconfiguration capabilities of signal processing devices. Any synthesized computational algorithm that can be described in hardware description languages, such as VHDL and Verilog, consists of summation operations and a shift operation of the register. There are several basic architectures of adders, each of which has the advantage of either speed of operation or simplicity of implementation. The development of computational architectures working at frequencies of 100 - 200 MHz requires pipeline calculations. Despite the fact that the pipeline architecture has large overheads for equalizing the delays of the computational blocks, its use is justified when processing and converting signals while solving the navigation task. The architecture of hardware computational blocks for constructing navigation equipment for the GLONASS / GPS consumer is considered in the article. The possible ways of increasing the efficiency of some architectures when implementing them on the basis of programmable gate arrays (FPGA) are given.

In the article the possible topologies of electronic loads consisting of linear regulator and switched-mode converter are studied. During developing and testing of spacecraft power supply systems, there is a need for devices that simulate various electrical characteristics of the spacecraft payload. This problem can be solved using specialized electronic loads that allow reproducing static and dynamic characteristics of the simulated payload with required accuracy. In addition, using electronic loads it is possible to return unused electrical energy into a DC or AC power supply network, which, in turn, makes it possible to improve the quality of power supply system tests. The development of a device that simultaneously provides both specified accuracy of reproduction of payload electrical characteristics and the recovery of surplus electric power is associated with a number of technical difficulties that can be solved by using an electronic load that includes two controllable stabilizers: a high-speed linear regulator and a switched-mode converter which limits the dissipated power of the linear regulator and provides recovering an excess electrical energy to the supply network. Various properties of dual control electronic load topologies were considered, the most promising topologies that can be used as electronic loads for spacecraft power systems tests were highlighted. A mathematical description of the electronic load used in the test setup was developed, an analysis of the admittances and the quality of noise suppression for various topologies was performed. The aspects of the electronic load operation related to the input current interfer- ing mode, the parameters determining the frequency range of the interfered noise, and the conditions for the possibility of the interference were determined for four topologies under the same conditions.

The impact of magnetic fields caused by thermoelectric currents and residual magnetization of the welded parts on the accuracy of an electron beam positioning along the welded joints is a complicated scientific and technical problem to achieve high quality of welds in the aerospace industry, shipbuilding and power engineering. Presented in the article mathematical models of distribution of magnetic fields of interference in the space between the electron beam gun and the surface of a welding workpiece and also inside a workpiece allow to culculate the quantitative characteristics of the electron beam deflection from welded joints. The authors propose to use a deflection system for compensation of mag- netic interference impact. The deflection system must be set to a certain height above the workpiece to be welded. The authors obtained a mathematical model of the magnetic field induction of the deflecting system distribution along its axis which coincides with the optical axis of the electron beam gun. The coordinates of installation of the deflection system concerning the surface of the parts to be welded are determined using the presented mathematical models. Cal- culations showed that the height of installation of deflection system depends on the thickness of the welded components. Using the deflection system installed at a certain height above the workpiece to be welded allows to eliminate the impact of magnetic fields caused by thermoelectric currents and residual magnetization of the welded parts on the quality of welded joints.

One of the problems in space engineering is the reduction of masses parts, assemblies and mechanisms as the actual spacecraft, and the means to deliver it to the orbit, i. e. booster. Progressive solution of this problem is the use of so- called net (anisogrid) structures. And currently mesh structure, the material for which is carbon fiber, are widely used in space technology for the manufacture of hollow tubular and conical designs of the spacecraft. The most common method of making carbon mesh designs is the winding of carbon fibers. However, with all the positive qualities of CFRP structures, in connection with the pointedness of their structure, and their effective use is possible only under uniaxial loading when tensile and compressive stresses coincide with the fiber direction. In the case of complex resis- tance or bending when the material occurs in the complex stress state can cause the destruction, as from the action of shear stresses and normal stresses. Strict fiber orientation in one direction leads to anisotropy of physical and mechanical properties of unidirectional composites. When the load applied normal to the direction of the fibers is destroyed by carbon fiber construction practically without preliminary plastic deformation. The problem of improving the mechanical properties of the CFRP materials was successfully solved by introducing in the polymer binder nano- powders of different chemical compounds - a process called nanomodification. And, in this regard, the most effective was the carbon nanopowders, including nanodiamonds.

A project management differs from management in the classical meaning of the word. It's an issue of flexibility de- pending on the scale, the specificity and novelty of the projects. Especially these differences become visible regarding the innovative activity management in the system of state Executive bodies in the territories of priority socio-economic development (TOSER). TOSER is a part of the territory of the Russian Federation. It includes closed administratively- territorial formations (ZATO), which in accordance with the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation established a special legal regime of business activities. Project management is essentially a combination of process and functional approach to management. But it has its special advantages, to more effectively manage such a complex process as innovation. The definition of the project management of innovative activities in TOSER takes into account the specifics of innovation development ZATO. It is a management discipline that defines the coordinated work of state bodies, local authorities and business representatives to create preferential treatment to conduct innovative activities in the territories of priority socio-economic development, taking into account the interests of their residents, the state, region and municipal community and ensuring the rational use of budget resources. The flexibility of project manage- ment depending on the scale, the specificity and novelty of the projects allows you to choose the optimal governance structure - functional, matrix or project. Design management of the innovative activities in the TOSER is conducted by the operating company. It is a joint-stock company, which is defined by the Government of the Russian Federation in order to carry out the functions for managing territories of priority socio-economic development. Tasks to further improve the system of project management of innovative activities in TOSER are the harmonization of the regulatory framework, sustainable funding for innovative projects and accelerated training of qualified personnel.

The paper presents the relevance of regional planning. It proves that the innovative way of regional economy devel- opment is the most effective at the present stage. Each region follows its own way of innovative development and each one has its own peculiar characteristics. Krasnoyarsk Territory is one of the regions of innovative development, which is proved by various researchers and independent research agencies classifying the regions of Russia on different grounds. Thus, the region with the focus on innovative economic development requires a special social and economic policy, consisting of two aspects - social and economic. Social policy should reproduce human capital as the main fac- tor in the social and economic development of the region. Human capital, in turn, is formed from three interconnected components: reproduction of human resources (demographic policy), their formation and focus vector (employment policy on the labor market) and development of human resources or transformation of human capital into human poten- tial (education policy). For each of the three specified directions, particular recommendations are given within the framework of innovative development. It is necessary, for instance, to introduce a number of benefits that enable moth- ers to combine their work (study) and their main female function to stimulate the demographic policy. Within the framework of the employment policy, it is proposed to strengthen vocational guidance work to help young people’s choice in the labor market. The education system should be made more accessible to all segments of population in order to increase its efficiency and quality. As for creating economic basis for innovative development, various forms of business associations and consolidations, such as strategic scientific alliances, investment public-private partner- ships and technology platforms are proposed. Technological platforms can become an effective form of business for Krasnoyarsk Territory, since they will make it possible to use the scientific potential of large universities in the region. The place of small businesses and self-employment in the regional economy of innovative type is defined as an auxiliary infrastructure of large industrial associations in the region.