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Vol 10, No 1 (2010)

Articles

Immunohistochemical investigation of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Komyakov B.K., Anichkov N.M., Makovskaya A.I.

Abstract

The paper reviews the data available in the literature in immunohistochemical investigation of transitional cell carcinomas of renal pelvis and ureter. The classical tumour characteristics of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract - pathological stage and grade.Traditional morphological criteria are not sufficient to precisely predict the biological behavior of transitional cell carcinomas of renal pelvis and ureter. Immunohistochemical investigation gives additional prognostic information in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):3-10
pages 3-10 views

Duration of actively obtained immune response from influenza

Kuznetsov O.K., Stepanova L.A., Golovacheva E.G., Gashinskay O.V.

Abstract

In review the estimation is given of role of different influenza virus antigens in formation of restricted and broad spectrum of protection against influenza and the significance of different factors of immunity in complicated and uncomplicated influenza infection. Also it's examined the questions applied to appearance of expected pandemic of new influenza virus A/2009 (HIND and prognosis of severity of clinical course. The population of Earth is symbolically divided by anti-influenza immunity and susceptibility to annual influenza into three labile groups, which change and reciprocally increase with the lapse of time. Two groups are immune to homologous virus with short-time good protection from influenza and non immune to infected virus with high susceptibility to infection and third, the most numerous, is immune to related variants of epidemic virus with prolonged partial protection from seasonal influenza. The factors are discussed determining partial and prolonged actively obtained protection of adult population of Earth from seasonal influenza.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):11-23
pages 11-23 views

The toxic effect of radioactive substrate of HSV1-TK on antigen specific T cells during noninvasive imaging

Nosov M.A., Anton M., Weber W., Barabanova S.V., Wekerle H., Korneva E.A., Fluegel A.

Abstract

Using the ability of genetically modified herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase expressing cells to specifically accumulate radioactively labeled analogs of gancyclovir, we analyzed the distribution of encephalitogenicT cells during prodromal phase of transfer EAE and toxic effect of this accumulation on functional activity ofT cells in vitro and in vivo. Though gamma scanning was not sensitive enough for detection of encephalitogenic T cells in organs with low concentration of them we confirmed that spleen is one of the most important organs forT cells during EAE development. Moreover, we have found a toxic effect of radioactively labeled analogs of GCV on effectorT cells leading to inhibition of proliferation in vitro and significant attenuation of EAE symptoms in vivo. Thus, widely clinically and experimentally applying methods of noninvasive in vivo imaging of adaptive transferred T cells with application of radioactive substrate, as we have shown, can lead to attenuation of functional activity of these cells and accordingly to an inefficiency of therapy or wrong interpretation of the obtained data.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):24-30
pages 24-30 views

The neurochemical effects of prenatal exposure of cholinergic drugs on the brain postnatal monoaminergic system development

Bairamov A.A., Proshin S.N., Gavrilov N.A., Losev N.A., Sapronov N.S.

Abstract

Prenatal exposure of M-and N-cholinolytics to pregnant females to produce the long-term neurochemical changes in development of brain neuromediatory systems. In the investigated of brain structures, both at males, and at females of rats progenies, exposure to prenatal cholinolytics, significant decrease of DA, 5-HT, NA concentrations and change of level of their metabolites is marked. Prenatal exposure to N-cholinolytics of gangleron to pregnant females on 9-19 gestational days exerts most appreciable long-term effect on neurotransmitter development, which leads to reduction of dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic activity in the hippocampus and hypothalamus at 2-month's rats progenies in comparison with control progeny. Is marked sexual dimorphism in the long-term effects of prenatal exposition of cholinolytics on ДА concentration in the brain structures at 2-month's rats progenies.These results indicate, that exposure to M- and N-cholinolytics during the critical periods of prenatal development (9-11 and 12-14 gestational days) result in long-term changes in development of neuromediatory systems in the brain structure, which participate in regulation of behavioral and neuroendocrinal functions at rats'offspring.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):31-38
pages 31-38 views

The genetic heterogeneity of Streptococcus pyogenes strains of emml2 genotype

Polyakova E.M., Mnatsakanyan E.S., Burova L.A., Dmitriev A.V.

Abstract

Streptococcus pyogenes strains of emml 2 genotype, isolated from children in Saint-Petersburg in 2007, were investigated employing different molecular-genetic approaches. Smal restriction patterns of genomic DNA of the strains were analyzed. Distribution of the phage genes, including virulence genes and integrase genes, was studied. The significant genetic heterogeneity was observed. The transposon gene, which has not been previously discovered in S. pyogenes strains, was identified.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):39-44
pages 39-44 views

Structure of neurons and neurogliocytes of associated departments of mesoaccumbocingular dopaminergic system in rats

Droblenkov A.V., Voeikov I.V., Lebedev A.A., Shabanov P.D.

Abstract

The purpose of the paper was morphometric analysis of neurons and neurogliocytes in mesoaccumbocingular dopaminergic centers to select the associated departments supplying the normal function of dopamine mediation. The mesoaccumbocingular dopaminergic system is submitted by nucleuses of the midbrain, sending the dopaminergic fibers into the nucleus accumbens, which function is associated with research (addictive) behavior, and into the anterior cingular cortex, determining emotions of self-sensation. On the basis of the proper data devoting to volumetric reconstruction of the brain structures and a number of morphometric parameters of neurons and neurogliocytes from this system, the parts of the centers are selected which, according to opinion of the authors, have the leading role in the functioning of dopaminergic system. These structures are: the medial part of the paranigral nucleus of the ventral tegmental area and the medial territory of the compact part of the substance nigra in the anterior department of the midbrain, the medial part in the middle of n. accumbens and the III layer of the supragenual part of the anterior cingular cortex (Cg2) located in the same plane, the VI layer of the pregenual part of the anterior cingular cortex (Cg3) at the level of the basis of the forward nipper.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):45-51
pages 45-51 views

Production of sFas, sFasL, TRAIL by placental tissue during normal pregnancies and those complicated by gestosis

Stepanova O.I., Lesnichija M.V., Klukina M.A., Arzhanova O.N., Selkov S.A., Sokolov D.I.

Abstract

Surface molecules secretory variants can appear in different biological liquids because of various physiological and pathological processes. The aim of this investigation was comparison of sFas, sFasL, TRAIL serum concentrations and their placental production for different development terms in normal pregnancies and those complicated by gestosis. We observed that sFas concentrations in collected after placental tissue incubation supernatants in 3th trimester placentas and 1th trimester one were equal. Secretion of sFasL was decreased and secretion ofTRAIL was increased in terminal gestation age in comparison with early pregnancy. sFas placental tissue secretion was increased and sFasL secretion was lightly increased in complicated by gestosis pregnancies in comparison with normal one. TRAIL placental tissue secretion was equal in normal pregnancies and those complicated by gestosis. Serum sFas and sFasL were detected in neither normal pregnancies group, nor in those complicated by gestosis. Variation of sFas, sFasL and TRAIL placental tissue secretion during normal placental development reflects placental structures formation and stabilization. Compensatory protection mechanisms against abundant angiogenic and apoptotic stimulus and maternal lymphocytes cytotoxic affects are initiated in placental tissue during gestosis.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):52-56
pages 52-56 views

Regulation of the blood circulation by selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis in experimental haemorrhagic shock

Remizova M.I., Gerbout K.A., Grishina G.V., Kochetygov N.I.

Abstract

The results in volume-controlled haemorrhagic shock in rats demonstrated that selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases (derivates of the lysine, ornithine, guanidine, S-methylisothiourea) considerably enhanced the efficiency of infusion therapy. All these selective inhibitors induced improvement of cardiac work (increased stroke volume, cardiac output, left ventrical work). The more visible effect was revealed using N-5-(iminoethyl)-L-ornithine and aminoguanidine.These agents have demonstrated the most pronounced correction of the cardiovascular system indexes and 100% survival of animals.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):57-63
pages 57-63 views

Functional activity of peripheral blood monocytes after mechanical trauma

Bagnenko S.F., Pivovarova L.P., Rybakina E.G., Malyshev M.E., Ariskina O.B., Osipova I.V., Chikin A.E., Shanin S.N., Kozinets I.A., Chesnokov O.D., Korneva E.A.

Abstract

The results of studying functional activity of peripheral blood monocytes in patients after severe multitrauma have been represented. It was shown that in early period of traumatic disease peripheral blood monocytes of patients saved both regulatory functions (lymphocyte activating factors production) and effectory functions, but the reserves of their activation and proliferation are the lower the more severe are the injury and the shock. It appears thatT-lymphocytopenia, monocytopenia and increased oxidative activity of peripheral blood monocytes can be employed as prognostic criteria for the progression of severe purulent complications and sepsis in patients with mechanical multitrauma.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):64-72
pages 64-72 views

Analysis of risk factors for development of acute cerebral blood flow disturbances in Khanty-Mansi autonomous district according to the Population Register data

Lebedev I.A., Ivanova N.E., Anislichenko L.I., Akinina S.A.

Abstract

Using the data of the Khanty-Mansi autonomous district Register frequency of risk factors of different types of acute cerebral blood flow disturbances was studied. Comparative characteristics of certain risk factors frequencies among the autonomous district inhabitants and those among the Russian Federation inhabitants were obtained. Frequencies of certain factors under study in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were studied, comparison of the given factors in ischemic stroke and transient cerebral blood flow disorders analyzed. Certain frequency peculiarities of risk factors for brain stroke were found in the watch-workers and the natives of the North territory under study.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):73-76
pages 73-76 views

Actual questions of medicine therapy of hormonoresistant and metastatic prostate cancer

Kaprin A.D., Gafanov R.A., Shaipov M.K., Shestakov A.V., Meskich A.V.

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PC) is a heterogeneous disease with several different stages necessitating a broad range of therapies to treat patients diagnosed at different points in the disease course. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly used to treat aii stages of prostate cancer but is associated with toxicities that limit its use, particularly in patients with asymptomatic disease or existing comorbidities for whom such toxicity is not justified. ADT resource at patients with PC is limited and makes about 18-24 months then illness progresses and accepts generalised and/or hormone-resistant form. In this connection the factor develops various regimens ADT such as - an intermittent hormone therapy (IHT) which is investigated as alternative continuous HT. Study of 2 phases have shown efficiency IHT, improvement of quality of a life. It is noted that IHT has no negative effect for the period of development of advance and/or on survival rate. Despite advantage of a docetaxel in treatment of patients of generalised form PC, survival rate medians makes about 2,4 months, and treatment carrying out is interfaced to high toxicity. Low efficiency of existing drugs - also is a vital issue limiting efficiency of treatment of patients with hormone-resistant and metastatic forms of PC.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):77-85
pages 77-85 views

The dynamic evaluation of the polysynaptic reflex excitability in tension-type headaches

Ismagilov M.F., Yakupova A.A.

Abstract

122 patients with tension-type headache (TTH) were investigated (episodicTTH -92 patients, chronicTTH - 30 patients). The aim of the present investigation is to study the changes of the polysynaptic reflex excitability in TTH during headache periods and during headache-free periods.The methods of investigation included: personal assessment of pain using the visual- analogue scale, the clinical neurological examination, MMPI, the electroneuromyographic investigation of the polysynaptic Blink reflex (BR).The results of performed study revealed the rise of the polysynaptic reflex excitability inTTH.The data obtained confirm the role of the insufficient inhibitory mechanisms and functional deficit of the antinociceptive system in the TTH progressing. The BR can be used in the clinical practice for estimation of the severity and course ofTTH.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):86-90
pages 86-90 views

Comparative estimation of variants of treatment postoperative painful syndrome in outpatient surgery (prospective research)

Evdokimenko E.G., Subbotina N.S., Dudanov I.P.

Abstract

Possibilities of use of an alternative (not medicamentous) method osteopathic manipulation in knocking over of a postoperative painful syndrome at patients with purulent diseases of fingers of a brush in the postoperative period are studied. In control group according to the accepted technique of anaesthesia entered analgesic in 40 minutes after operation and further treatment carried out under corresponding scheme. In the basic group instead of an injection analgesic in 40 minutes after operation spent a unitary session osteopathic treatments. In a considered situation optimum use osteopathic the technics of the rhythmical balanced exchange described was represented R. E. Becker (2000). Comparison was spent on expressiveness of a painful syndrome and duration of treatment. An estimation of intensity of pains in both groups spent to the same time intervals. Use osteopathic treatments of a painful syndrome in the early postoperative period not only reduces a pain, allowing to do without analgesics, provides reduction of terms of treatment.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):91-95
pages 91-95 views

Chronic pancreatitis: types of surgical intervention

Evtikhova E.Y., Gagua A.K., Evtikhov R.M., Lebedeva O.A., Dudanov I.P.

Abstract

Here we present the results of surgical treatment of 183 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The following surgical interventions were carried out: Longitudinal pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis on isolated Roux loop was performed in 12 patients, longitudinal pancreatico-jejunal and choledoco-jejunal anastomoses in 6 patients, cysto-jejunal anastomosis in 29 patients, cystogastroanastomosis in 5 patients, cystoentero-, choiedoco-entero- and gastroenteroanastomosis in 5 patients, pancreatic fistula removal in 2 patients, fistulo-jejunal anastomosis in 2 patients, fistula isolation and removal up to the pancreas forming a longitudinal pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis in 6 patients, and proximal resection of the pancreas in 7 patients. 109 patients also underwent proximal pancreatic resection: Classical pancreaticoduodenal resection was performed in 86 patients, pylorus-preserving version of pancreaticoduodenal resection in 16 patients, and pancreatic head resection in 7 patients. Overall post-operative lethality amounted in 5.46%, while lethality after pancreaticoduodenal resection was 8.8%. Remote results were studied 2 to 14 years after operation, revealing that surgical tactics of chronic pancreatitis treatment remain versatile. The type of surgery is determined by the form of chronic pancreatitis. Stabilization after operations on the pancreas largely depends on the appropriate timing of the operation.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):96-100
pages 96-100 views

Axillary blockade in practice of the anaesthesiologist in generalsurgical hospitals

Barhatkin V.I., Tanchin V.I., Rodionov S.A.

Abstract

This review paper is devoted to one of the mast simple and common techniques of regional anesthesia - blockade of the brachial plexus axillary access. It is summarized two-year of practical experience of using this type of anesthesia for planned and emergency operations on top limb in military hospital and the civil surgical hospital. It is shown the ability of applying this type of anesthesia for patients of different ages. Presented the comparison of different local anesthetics, been used for anesthesia.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):101-103
pages 101-103 views

Stem haemopoetic blood cells in the early period after liver transplantation

Shoutko A.N., Gerasimova O.A., Ekimova L.P., Zherebtsov F.K., KaramuIIin M.A., Granov A.M.

Abstract

The success of cadaver liver transplantation is not defined by compatibility on HLA. There are indirect instructions on dependence of destiny of a transplant from haemopoetic stem cells. The purpose of work of authors of article was studying of dynamics of stem haemopoetic blood cells at recipients liver transplant received it from the donor with brain death, with a various clinical current of the early postoperative period. The method flowing cytometry and labeled antibodies was studied changes subpopulation structure circulating blood mononuclear cells at 36 recipients and 3 patients after extensive surgical interventions, results was compared with a condition of patients and compared to control data of 23 persons without liver disease. Within the first month after transplantation 4 variants of dynamics CD34 + stem haemopoetic cells are revealed and communication of the complicated current early posttransplant time by a deficiency angiogenesis CD3 +, 31 + lymphocytes, VEGF+ cells against surplus potential cytotoxic CD8 +, 11 b - lymphocytes is shown. The satisfactory condition of recipients in the first month after operation depends on ability of their haemopoetic system to produce stem haemopoetic cells and the cells participating in function of endothelia.
Medical academic journal. 2010;10(1):104-111
pages 104-111 views
pages 112-114 views


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