Vol XX, No 1 (1913)

Far from new, but still full of the most lively interest, the issue of disorders of speech, reading and writing over the past years began to be covered from a somewhat different point of view, namely from the point of view of loss or weakening of the influence of painful habitual processes of As the necessary elements, they enter the complex process of internal speech, sound speech and materialized speech, i.e., writing.

Despite the fact that crayfish (Astacus fluviatilis L, etc.) are very widespread and well-known animals, and in zoological laboratories they are favorite objects for studying the type of crustaceans, the psychophysiology of their sense organs is still in its infancy. Until now, they argue whether the crayfish have a hearing or not, whether they are capable of a sense of taste, whether they have a sense of smell, whether they distinguish colors, whether they can see words in our usual sense, etc. or these animals, only reflex acts are possible, automatic phototaxis, ototaxis, chemotaxis, rheotropism, negative or positive, etc., and the presence of the psyche is completely excluded. Difficult for the decision has to be considered the question of chemotaxis, as it eliminates the very separation of understanding of taste and smell. It is also difficult to differentiate the auditory response from such to the vibration of water, which is inevitably accompanied by sounds. One of the essential difficulties in resolving these, as well as other similar questions, is that the crayfish is water; have to be considered with somewhat different conditions for physical and chemical influences than on land.

When studying reflexes in animals, one has to resort to an artificial increase in reflex excitability. In 1902, Zeduc showed that if an intermittent galvanic current is passed through a warm animal, then real sleep occurs with the preservation of reflexes, with a decrease in pain sensitivity, with a normal heartbeat and breathing. It turns out that at a certain stage of such an experiment, a frog exhibits a significant increase in reflexes.

Start t. Kaz. Balt psychosis dates back to 1909. In connection with the mass pilgrimage of the peasants of the Bessarabian and Kherson provinces. In the Baltsky Monastery, among the pilgrims, separate neuropsychic diseases appeared, which soon took on a mass character. All sick people are Moldovans. In each individual case, a connection with the Bessarabian monasteries is unconditionally established. The disease is of the nature of hysterical psychosis (hysteria); it is accompanied by shouts, hiccups, vomiting, convulsions with loss of consciousness, and sometimes hallucinations. All these symptoms have a close connection with the teachings that were then preached in the Baltsky and surrounding monasteries. According to this scholarship, for the sins of people, the devil enters them; it settles in the abdomen and produces all the symptoms described above. You can get rid of it by fasting, prayer, refusal of wine and tobacco, reprimanding, walking in monasteries and donations to monasteries, as well as perfecting a special banner of the cross.

The author points to a new trend in psychological analysis and treatment (Freud Iung.). Freud's doctrine about lost and forgotten, but active affects, he complements the proposition that not only feelings and affects, but all mental acts in general, such as thought, volitional tension, motor charge, mental directive, can sink into the soul, and break through with force and cause this or that disorder of mental activity. The author examines the influence of such lost psychic acts as one of the reasons for suicide.

In the past 21st year of the Society's life, in order to contribute to the progress of neurology and psychiatry and related branches of knowledge, the Society arranged scientific meetings and published a special journal "Neurological Vestnik".

With pleasure, fulfilling the request of the esteemed Dr. L.B. Bertenson, we are pleased to inform you of the appeal developed by the commission of editors of medical publications in St. Petersburg:

Chaired by prof. Darkshevich under the secretary Voroshilov. Attended by: prof. Osipov, prof. Polumordvinov, Gavorskiy, Donskov, Udintsev, Bykov.

Chaired by prof. L.O.Darkshevich under the secretary of Voroshilov. Attended by: prof. Mislavskiy, prof. Osipov, Levchatkin, Pervushin, Skuridin, Sorokovikov, Klyachkin Pavlenko, Alekseev, Sholomovich, Emdin, Birilev, Arkhangel'skaia, Similsyskaya, Chirkovskіy, Bolberg, Chalusov Idelson, Zarnitsin, Tupitsin, Dolgov, Leman, et al., Extraneous audience and students.