Vol 26, No 12 (2023)

Relevance.An analytical approach to choosing the direction of technological research has always been relevant, and taking into account the production of drugs using “green” extractants, the justification of technological parameters of extraction and its analytical support on models of already known, widely studied and used plant objects, for example, stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.), can be considered as rational.

The purpose of the study is an analytical study of carotenoids and chlorophylls in the co-presence of stinging nettle leaves and the rationale for the temperature regime for obtaining an oil extract from this plant, taking into account the co-presence of pigments in the extracts.

Material and methods. The content of carotenoids and chlorophylls in raw materials and oil extracts was determined by spectrophotometry. Oil extracts were obtained by fractional maceration at two temperature conditions: 25 °C and 50 °C.

Results. The content of carotenoids and chlorophylls when jointly present in stinging nettle leaves was determined by spectrophotometry. When obtaining six model oil extracts of stinging nettle leaves, the temperature regime was experimentally optimized at 50 °C; the optimization parameter was the quantitative content of carotenoids and chlorophylls.

Conclusion. A detailed determination of the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, their sum and carotenoids in the presence of chlorophylls gives a detailed idea of the quantitative ratio of these types of pigments in the raw material and makes it possible to eliminate the overlap of absorption bands of carotenoids and chlorophylls. This approach made it possible to optimize the temperature conditions for obtaining the oil extract of nettle leaves. The applied analytical approach can be used to control the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls when present together to optimize the technological parameters of oil extracts obtained from other types of medicinal plant raw materials.

Relevance. Pancreatin is a polyenzyme drug with lipolytic, amylolytic and proteolytic activity, and is prescribed as a replacement therapy for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Modern requirements for quality control of drugs involve the use of highly specific and highly sensitive methods of analysis using reference standards (RS).For RS certification it is necessary to establish the values of the certifiable characteristic. For enzyme preparations the certifiable characteristic is catalytic activity. In this connection for certification of pancreatin RS it is necessary to establish the value of its catalytic activity.The analysis of the proteolytic activity of pancreatin consists in performing a proteolysis reaction and quantifying the reaction products. The most common methods used for this purpose are those in which the quantitative content of proteolysis products is determined by measuring the optical density of the solution using tyrosine as a standard. It should be noted that the value of proteolytic activity established in this way is relative, since the measured optical density actually corresponds to a mixture of tyrosine and tryptophan. The absolute method for determining proteolytic activity is the Kjeldahl method for analyzing fragmented peptide nitrogen.

Aim. Propose the method for quantitative determination of the proteolytic activity of a pancreatin RS.

Material and methods. The object of the study was a pharmaceutical substance pancreatin. Quantitative determination of proteolytic activity in pancreatin substance samples was performed according to the proposed method by determining protein nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method after the enzymatic reaction.

Results. As a result of testing the samples of pancreatin substance using the proposed method of quantitative analysis of proteolytic activity, we obtained reliable results, indicating the high sensitivity, accuracy and reliability of this method.

Conclusions. The present study proposed the method for quantitative determination of the proteolytic activity of pancreatin substance and evaluated the acceptability of its use in the quality control of a pancreatin RS.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no obvious and potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Relevance. It is relevant to solve the problems of quality control of medicinal substances, drugs, preparations by conducting pharmaceutical analysis.

The purpose of the study – determination of physico-chemical and biological properties of Trichoderma atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 culture fluid extract. Development of a method for determining the mass concentration of culture fluid extract T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 in bioproducts.

Material and methods. The strain Trichoderma atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 synthesizing low molecular weight biologically active compounds with bacteriostatic effect was used in the work. The extract was obtained by single-stage mixing and settling extraction with ethyl acetate from the culture liquid of T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 after 5 days of deep cultivation at a temperature of 28 ° C, the seed material was the vegetative mycelium of the producer in the late exponential growth phase. The mass concentration of
T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 culture fluid extract was determined in a healing liniment for wound healing.

Results. Based on the study of physico-chemical and biological properties of culture fluid extract T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434, its individual characteristics have been established. The method "Determination of the mass concentration of culture fluid extract T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 in the finished bioproduct" has been developed. Scope of the method: determination of the extract’s mass concentration at the stages of the technological process of preparation, as well as in ready-made dosage forms, therapeutic and preventive orientation of zootechnical and veterinary purposes. Characteristic of the method: the range of determined values – mass concentrtion (ω): 1 – 10%; repeatability: CV = 1.69%; reproducibility CV1 = 1.68%; CV2 = 1.78%; Fr = 1.09; Ft = 3.44; correctness:
R = 100.1%.

Conclusions. Physico-chemical and biological properties of culture fluid extract T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 can be used to establish its authenticity and quality assessment. The method of determining the mass concentration of culture fluid extract T. atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 can be considered suitable for a reliable assessment of the composition of the finished bioproduct.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune-inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology, affecting directly or indirectly all organs and systems of the body. Generally accepted standards of drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, represented by baseline anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, have remained unchanged for a long time, but often they only alleviate or slow down the course of the disease, without curing the patient completely. Therefore, new pharmacologic targets for therapy are being actively investigated. A review of the literature concerning the development of innovative drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is presented. The prospects for the development of new drugs based on inhibitors of Janus kinases, transcription factor NF-kB, mitogen-activated kinase p38, histone diethylase, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, low-molecular-weight antagonists of proteinase-activated PAR2 receptors, and anti-PAR-2-specific monoclonal antibodies are outlined.

The objective of the study was to assess serum and urinary concentrations of essential trace elements in women with osteoporosis.

Material and methods. A total of 100 women aged 30-70 years old including 50 patients with osteoporosis (ICD-10: M81) and 50 healthy controls were examined. Assessment of serum and urinary trace element levels was performed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry.

Results. The obtained data demonstrate that urinary cobalt and zinc levels in women with osteoporosis were 42% and 44% lower than those in the control women. Analysis of covariance demonstrated a significant impact of osteoporosis and body mass index (BMI) values on urinary Zn concentration. The influence of the presence of osteoporosis on urinary Co concentration was nearly significant. At the same time, serum Co concentration in osteoporotic women was 21% lower than in healthy controls, while no significant difference in serum Zn levels was observed. The presence of osteoporosis in the examined women was also considered a key factor affecting serum Co levels independently of age and BMI values.

Conclusion. Therefore, the results of the present study demonstrated the association between Zn and Co deficiency and the presence of osteoporosis in women. It is suggested that personalized correction of body burden of these trace elements may reduce the risk of osteoporosis due to osteogenic effect of zinc and cobalt. At the same time, intimate mechanisms of this association, as well as efficiency of supplementation strategies in management of osteoporosis requires further investigation.

Relevance. Dapsone (4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone) is used as a powerful antibacterial agent in the treatment of infectious diseases. Despite the complex pharmacological effect and high efficacy, dapsone has a number of negative properties, one of which is the occurrence of severe neuropsychiatric pathology with long-term use in the presence of predisposing factors. In this connection, correction of dapsone-induced changes on the part of various systems, including the nervous system, is an urgent task. As a means of correcting dapsone-induced neuropsychiatric changes, an extract of licorice naked horses can act.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of licorice root extract on dapsone–induced changes in behavioral reactions and the severity of the psychomodulatory effect of licorice extract.

Material and methods. All experiments were carried out on white mongrel rats (6-8 months), which were divided into groups (n= 10): group 1 consisted of control rats receiving an equiobject of water for injection; group 2 - individuals receiving intragastric dapsone (Novartis; Switzerland) at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 28 days; group 3 – animals receiving intragastric dapsone at a dose of 25 mg / kg and licorice extract naked through a probe at a dose of 50 mg / kg for 28 days. The effect of licorice root extract on the behavioral reactions of rats under the conditions of course use of dapsone was evaluated using the "Porsolt" and "Open Field" tests.

Results. Against the background of intragastric administration of licorice root extract, there was a restoration of the ratio of immobilization time, active and passive swimming in the Porsolt test, an increase in horizontal and specific mink activity of animals, a decrease in the number of boluses, grooming and freezing in the "Open Field" test compared with the group of animals receiving intragastric dapsone.

Conclusions. Evaluation of the effect of licorice root extract on dapsone-induced changes in behavioral reactions showed the presence of an antidepressant and psychomodulatory effect in the extract, which can be used in the development of a psychocorrective agent based on this medicinal plant.