Vol 11, No 2 (2011)

The efficiency of estron (E) and dexamethasone (Dm) on formation of bone tissue by multipotent mesenchimal stromal bone marrow cells was estimated morphogically and biochemically using a peroxidal chemiluminescent method in experiments on the model of heterotopic transplantation of the bone marrow. It was established that long-term injection of E and Dm has multidirectional action on osteogenous differentiation: E stimulates osteogenesis, but Dm suppresses it. This fact was verificated by multidirectional character of disbalance in oxidant homeostasis (OH) in blood serum of recipient-mice. Received data indicates on various mechanisms of regulation of osteogenesis by multipotent mesenchimal stromal bone marrow cells, by means of oxidant homeostasis in serum of mice under influence of estron and dexamethasone in system "in vivo".

On anesthetized cats following M-cholinoreceptors blockade acetylcholine injection caused, in contrast with intact animals, the increasing of the arterial pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, heart rate and myocardial contractility. After acetylcholine injection in the condition of the N-cholinoreceptors blockade the systemic hemodynamic parameters decreased more, comparing with the intact animals. Thus, N-mimetic effects of acetylcholine are augmented following M-cholinoreceptors blockade; meanwhile M-mimetic effects of acetylcholine on the heart and vessels are increased following N-cholinoreceptors blockade. After the blockade of muscarinic or nicotinic receptors adrenaline injection caused more evaluated increasing of the systemic hemodynamic parameters comparing with intact animals. However, if we injected adrenalin in cats following M-cholinoreceptors blockade combined with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by proserine, the systemic hemodynamic parameters increased more, comparing with animals with only M-cholinoreceptors blockade. If we injected adrenalin in cats following N-cholinoreceptors blockade combined with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, the systemic hemodynamic parameters increased less, than in animals with only N-cholinoreceptors blockade. Thus, we concluded that there is reciprocal interaction between muscarininc and nicotinic cholinergic mechanisms in the processes of the nervous regulation of the systemic circulation.

Substantial efforts to develop a blood substitutes on the base of modified hemoglobin have been made since the end of last century. The review reflects main achievements and complications on the way of development of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major socially significant disease which has leading positions in the structure of mortality. Modern conservative therapy of CHD is highly efficient, but a number of clinical situations require surgical myocardial revascularization. Invasive technologies allow to perform invasive revascularization both in patients with acute and stable CHD. Precise definition of indications for surgery, choice of type of intervention, evaluation of prognosis, prevention of intraoperative and postoperative complications, rehabilitation and training programs, as well as optimal drug therapy and ambulatory observation can achieve the best short- and long-term results of treatment. Key words: cardiology, coronary heart disease, myocardial revascularization.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) in pathogenesis of atherogenic dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. Besides of high blood levels of glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides and low content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, patients with metabolic syndrome had increased serum leptin concentration and decreased level of adiponectin. According to multiple regression analysis the most significant determinants of triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were body mass index, blood NEFA and glucose concentrations. NEFA concentration was determined by adiponectin level in males, while glucose and insulin content in females was influenced by levels of adiponectin, leptin and NEFA. Thus we suggest that examined adipokines participate in development of atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients with metabolic syndrome via influence of these proteins on insulin resistance and metabolism of fatty acids.

Based on analysis of the statistical data for dynamics of the bacillary patients the mathematical model of the spread of bacillary tuberculoses has been created. Results, acquired with the help of this model, coincide with the well-known epidemiological model, and prove the assumption the less than half of the bacillary patients are being diagnosed in Karelian region. The created model allows to forecast tuberculoses epidemiological situation depending on abacillarity, lethality of of first diagnosed patients and contingents, treatment effectiveness of the patients with plural drug resistance. According to the mathematical model, reduction of the abacillarity index among first diagnosed patients to 55% shall lead to deterioration of the epidemiological situation and to spread of drug-resistant forms of ТВ.

Here we have analyzed the results of 51 carotid reconstructions in 51 symptomatic patients with acute stroke.This group amounted to 17.3% of all the hospitalized patients with various acute cerebral circulation disturbances (ACCD). Among the operated patients, 40 (78.43%) suffered of ischemic stroke, and 11 (21.57%) showed transitory ischemic attacks. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1,24 (47.05%) patients suffering an ischemic stroke or transitory ischemic attack and operated on within 2 weeks (usually 2 to 12 days) after the beginning of disease; group II, 15 (29.41%) patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke or transitory ischemic attack and were operated on 2 to 4 weeks after the beginning of disease; group III, 12 (23.53%) patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke and were operated on later than one month after the beginning of disease. In these three groups, we have compared the results of carotid reconstructions considering the patients'age, gender, degree of stenosis, Charlson's co-morbidity index, and presence and severity of accompanying diseases. The patients of all the groups were assessed according to NIHHS score, Rivermide an modified RAnkin score before the operation and after the operation in 24 hours, 7 days and when leaving the hospital. Our analyzes reveal a low risk of reconstructive operation on carotid arteries performed within the first 14 days after an acute ischemic stroke in the carotid basin. They furthermore show that endarterectomy in the acute period results in the majority of cases in an early regress of the neurological symptoms.