Vol 13, No 9 (2023)

This article discusses possible ways to minimize corruption risks in small businesses. The article substantiates the relevance of minimizing corruption risks that an economic entity of a small business may face. Small business, being the basis of the economy of many countries, should be especially protected from the impact of corruption, as a phenomenon that adversely affects the development of any business, and especially small business in various industries. The influence of the main factors that actively influence the penetration of corruption into the activities of the company is indicated. The impact of these factors on the economic security of small businesses in general need to be analyzed and assessed.

The article deals with the problems and solutions associated with increasing the economic security of the company in terms of controlling the validity of the needs claimed by the production units for basic materials consumed in the value chain. The authors propose a method for monitoring the economic feasibility of the procurement of basic materials. In the methodology, the specified material consumption rates are used as a control tool. In addition, the authors have developed documentation forms accompanying the changes. The article provides a preliminary analysis of the information, conditions and methods used in the subject area under consideration. The authors formulate the initial hypotheses based on the facts obtained. The article summarizes the results achieved and checks the initial hypotheses based on the facts obtained. The authors have given the final formulation of scientific conclusions and the definition of the direction of further research. The proposed methodology has been successfully incorporated into the economic security system implemented in the information and instrumental space of corporate governance.

The improvement of theoretical and methodological approaches to the analysis of the problems of transformation of socio-economic construction systems is an urgent and in-demand area of scientific research of our time. The article considers the problem of managing a production system based on multi-level planning, taking into account the availability of information related to the time period of solving the tasks of organizations. Network models, i.e. network graphs, have the greatest informativeness and calculation algorithm on a computer and are the main method of organizational design of in-line production. The practical application of the method allows performing a system-technical analysis of production and making optimization decisions that ensure the solution of strategic tasks of industry development. The organizational and technological scheme of solving problems in network modeling is presented. The methodology of the authors' research is based on general scientific methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, comparative methods, as well as mathematical and statistical methods for studying the solution of optimization problems. But their practical application causes methodological complexity in the development of calendar plans and causes insufficient inclusion in the system technical analysis and adoption of optimization decisions that ensure the solution of strategic tasks of industry development.

The article examines the main prerequisites and patterns of the allocation of social management as an area of general management aimed at achieving the social effects of economic activity. The authors have conducted an analysis of regulatory sources of the Russian Federation, which provide grounds for describing new professional qualifications in this field of activity.The results of the study may be of interest to the professional community in social entrepreneurship, management, managers and experts of organizations (including non-profit ones), as well as students and postgraduates of economics, management, law, etc.

The article substantiates the need to develop methodological approaches to accelerating digital change and the introduction of artificial intelligence. The authors analyze approaches to the prerequisites for the demand for digital change and formulate methodological approaches to accelerating digital change and ensuring the introduction of artificial intelligence. The external and internal factors of service organizations in the process of accelerating digital change and ensuring the introduction of artificial intelligence are identified. The authors consider the prerequisites for the demand for digital change and provide a methodological justification of their structural elements. The authors propose to consider the possibility of forming a permanent regional unified center of the industry format of educational competencies and qualifications of digital service. The possibility of developing a model of centralization of industry resources is substantiated. As financial sources, the authors propose to use a kind of regional centers built with the participation of temporarily free resources. The authors have developed an algorithm for building a service center mechanism based on artificial intelligence with the inclusion of regional unified centers of industry-specific educational competencies and qualifications of transport service specialists in its structure, taking into account the process of forming the outstripping demand for services and products in the transport sector. Indicators for assessing the readiness of transport service companies for dynamic change in the digital sphere are proposed. An algorithm for choosing the most optimal model for promoting service technology using artificial intelligence elements is proposed. The selection criteria are formulated: the process of entering the market accessible to the service company with the offer of service products using artificial intelligence, the training process adapted for the unprepared consumer using artificial intelligence elements.

In modern conditions, the tourism industry is considered as one of the drivers of Russia's socio-economic development. Domestic tourism should contribute to the activation of interaction between regions and their integration on the basis of common strategic guidelines. Taking into account all-Russian and regional regulators and peculiarities, it should provide the promotion of unique targeted tourist offers. The national strategy for the development of domestic tourism takes into account the resources and capabilities of individual regions and territories. Clustering is based on multiparametric monitoring of the tourist and recreational potential of the territory. Clustering is one of the innovative approaches to managing local regional tourist markets. The article summarizes the existing positions of scientists and practitioners on the concept of tourism cluster. The factors influencing the process of clustering are indicated. The advantages of clustering regional tourist markets are substantiated. The influence of clusters on the economy of a particular region is described. On the example of the Novosibirsk region, the positive and negative consequences of their formation, functioning and development are highlighted.

On modern online trading platforms, both the buyer, whose goal is to purchase goods of proper quality without personal contact with the seller, and the seller, whose goal is to satisfy the needs of the buyer, create opportunities to get in touch through the tools offered by the online platform where they carry out the purchase and sale. These tools, such as rankings and comments, affect the reputation of the seller and his profit indicators. It is very important to ensure the possibility of high-quality and constructive feedback between the seller and the buyer.The purpose of the study was to identify problems and ways to improve the effectiveness of the feedback system and product evaluation using the example of the Wildberries online trading platform.The features and prerequisites of the direction of customer reviews, problems in the seller's activities and the reasons for the decline in the goods evaluation and personal ranking are established. The existing mechanism of construction and current problems in building a feedback system on the Wildberries online trading platform are analyzed.A model has been developed to improve the effectiveness of the feedback system and product evaluation on the Wildberries online trading platform.

The impact of global challenges is in the focus of trade and economic cooperation of interacting actors for the development of joint strategies, priority areas and programs for the spatial development for the long term. At the present stage, most of the cross-border areas face problems of cross-border relations and difficulties in choosing the further development of foreign economic activity. The authors summarize the prerequisites and a brief history of the study of export predictors (subtle criteria) that influence the decision-making of the choice in favor of foreign economic activity. The list of blocks and the content of export predictors (subtle criteria) based on the pyramid of company goal-setting focused on the foreign market and mechanisms for converting the cross-border position into a competitive advantage in the changing paradigm of development of Russia's cross-border regions are determined. Based on sociological surveys on the impact of global challenges on the development of foreign economic activity of exporters and importers, constraining factors and new opportunities for trade and economic cooperation, options for behavior strategies of subjects when making decisions on cross-border labor migration and business cooperation are identified.Funding: The reported study was funded by RFBR and FRLC, project number 21-510-23002.

Based on the study of the theoretical features of the infrastructure of non-urbanized territories, the authors’ approach to the interpretation of its definition is proposed, which made it possible to consider the infrastructure as a complex system with a dual nature and functioning.This is manifested, on the one hand, in the static functioning of its elements, and on the other hand, in the social nature of the functions performed, which requires flexibility and adaptability to the needs of the living population.This approach made it possible to consider for the infrastructure of non-urbanized territories the possibility of developing its resource potential, which is a collective set of available infrastructure resources and resources of future periods tied to certain objects, place and time. In order to ensure the sustainable development of non-urbanized territories, the article proposes the allocation of three levels of infrastructure resource potential, reflecting the practical nature of its development.Acknowledgments:The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment to the Financial University of the Russian Federation, VTK-GZ-42-23.

Agriculture is perhaps the most important industry in Russia and in the world as a whole. It is this industry that ensures food security. Agriculture supplies the population of our country with crop production, animal husbandry and their processing. A large number of small, medium-sized and micro businesses dominate the total number of agricultural producers. Amidst the geopolitical challenges, these businesses need state support. The state is implementing a number of measures to support small and medium-sized businesses, including those in the agricultural sector. Information centers have been opened. Grants and subsidies are allocated to support novice farmers. Decisions regarding customs and tariff regulation in relation to the export of particular grain crops have been made. At the same time, the new conditions require not only financial and economic measures, but also a revision of the existing theoretical and methodological mechanisms for the implementation of state support both at the federal and regional levels. The article examines the regulatory framework of state support. The criteria of its presentation on the example of small business entities are considered. The authors present a model of interaction between authorities and agricultural producers and an algorithm for allocating state support in the form of grants. The authors have supplemented the criteria for allocating public funds. The results of the study may be of interest to representatives of the federal and regional authorities, whose activities are related to the allocation of state support funds.

The article examines the development trends of the Russian higher education system. The study of the dynamics of indicators of the development of the Russian higher education system allows to identify a number of current trends in the development of higher education. The measures of state regulation and support of the Russian higher education system aimed at increasing its competitiveness are analyzed. The problems of the development of the Russian higher school at the present stage are highlighted. The directions of the formation of promising competitive advantages are determined. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a scientifically sound strategy for the development of Russian higher education, taking into account both national interests and external challenges. The author uses general scientific methods, such as analysis, comparison, systematization, generalization, as well as methods of processing, interpretation and visualization of statistical data.

The article analyzes the supply and demand in the labor market in the professional area "Marketing, Advertising, and PR". During 2022 and in the first half of 2023, the level of competition of job seekers for jobs in this category was extremely high. This makes it necessary for candidates to have professional competencies. In this regard, the role of higher education in the training of a qualified marketing specialist is considered. Higher education is not an absolutely necessary condition for working as a marketer, but from the point of view of a significant part of employers, it contributes to the development of high-level competencies that are in demand for solving marketing tasks. Based on the survey of employers conducted by the author, the main requirements for a future marketing specialist are determined. These requirements are as follows: basic knowledge in marketing, knowledge and understanding of the main business processes, project activity skills in promoting goods or services to the market, taking into account the company's development strategy. The main approaches to the formation of professional competencies of marketers at the university are formulated. First of all, it is necessary to ensure the introduction of practice-oriented forms of educational activity into the educational process, such as participation in competitions, acceleration programs, scientific and practical conferences, internships, organization of active meetings and master classes with representatives of the business community.The conditions of competitiveness of a marketing graduate in the labor market are determined.

The article substantiates theoretical and practical approaches to the interaction of government, business and society as a necessary condition for the regions' sustainable development, in particular the new developing regions of the Far East. The author has proposed a methodology to determine the model of interaction of these structures based on three blocks of parameters of the institutional environment: the socio-market model of the economy, competitiveness, and forms of interaction. From the author's point of view, the institutional environment is universal. The factors contributing to the strengthening of the socio-market model of the economy and competitiveness and allowing to change or form new approaches to the management processes of the economic system are identified. Recommendations on the use of mechanisms of interaction ensuring the advanced development of the studied macroregion are statistically substantiated. The definition of the model of interaction within the institutional environment, the systematization of the parameters identified within this environment and the improvement of the most significant parameters contribute to the formation of partnerships, strengthening the socio-market model of the economy and competitiveness. The formation of constructive relations between government, business and society is the main condition for eliminating heterogeneous development in industries and regions and achieving the goals of all stakeholders.

The article presents approaches to the use of professional competitions of state and municipal employees as a specific educational technology that motivates employees to form new knowledge, skills, and unique practical experience.The professional competition is considered as a complex technology determined by the life cycle of the competition and the cycle of professional development of an employee. The professional competition has a clear algorithm, a set of evaluation and educational methods and tools, as well as indicators of the effectiveness of the educational effect of all stages to manage technology to achieve the goal.The approach to the selection of parameters and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of a professional competition in relation to various target audiences (participants, managers of participants, colleagues, and experts) is described. This makes it possible to provide a personality-oriented approach in the context of the principles of client-centricity.The approaches considered in the article can be used by representatives of the personnel services of government bodies for state and municipal bodies in solving the tasks of involving employees in the process of continuous self-development through such educational technology as a professional competition.Acknowledgments:The research was conducted by the research team of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Labor" of the Ministry of Labor of Russia within the framework of the state task on the topic "Scientific and methodological support for the effective conduct of professional and other competitions in the state civil and municipal service".

The article is devoted to the issues of ensuring continuous professional development and self-development of civil servants. The research relevance is justified by the need to improve the personnel work of authorities, in particular in the field of educational technologies, in the context of the introduction of the principles of client-centricity to improve the quality of personnel and the level of work with internal and external clients.The research purpose was to determine approaches to the creation of technology for continuous professional development of state and municipal employees.The development was carried out on the basis of an analysis of the legislative framework, methodological materials of authorities, literature, data from open sources covering issues of professional development, as well as during an experiment of the pilot project to conduct professional competitions in the state and municipal service as a technology of professional development.The authors have developed innovative proposals for the implementation of a professional competition as a comprehensive technology of motivation and professional development. The authors propose a model of professional development in the public service system based on elements of evolutionary theory and principles of client-centricity.The materials of the article are addressed to representatives of state and municipal authorities, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in professional development of personnel.Acknowledgments:The research was conducted by the research team of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Labor" of the Ministry of Labor of Russia within the framework of the state task on the topic "Scientific and methodological support for the effective conduct of professional and other competitions in the state civil and municipal service".

The principle of budget openness is one of the fundamental principles of the budget system at the international level. The purpose of this article was to identify the impact of the degree of budget openness on the attitude of citizens and the private sector to government, which is strongly influenced by cognitive factors. To do this, an analysis of the indicators of budget openness, the corruption perception index and the level of trust in the authorities was carried out. As a result of the conducted research, it is proved that the openness of budget data does not affect the increase of confidence in the authorities; simultaneously with the increase in openness, there is a growing risk of a decrease in trust in the authorities, incorrect interpretation of data due to the lack of detailed information. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that there is no relationship between budget transparency and the perception of corruption. The effect of budget openness directly depends on the cognitive perception of information by the subject. Taking into account the cognitive aspect of perception and cognition of information, an algorithm for developing the content of the budget for citizens is proposed. Its theoretical justification is carried out on the example of Russia.Acknowledgments:The research was carried out with the financial support of the Pacific National University within the framework of the scientific project "Innovative environment of the intercollegiate campus as a way to smooth out ecological and economic regional disparity".

Without affecting or changing the properties of financial relations, financial technologies qualitatively change management decisions depending on the level of technological development, user coverage and distribution. Thus, the processes and models of the financial technology development, ensuring the implementation of financial and economic policy at the national level, act as its mechanism, forming new structures for the regulation of relations. And they need to be formed themselves. This actualizes the problem of forming a model for the development of financial technologies at the national level, adequate to the level of technology development. The article is devoted to the study of cause-and-effect relationships and the disclosure of the mechanism of formation of the national model of fintech development, clarification of its appearance and structural elements. The results of the study showed that the principle of the formation of national models of financial technologies is the integration of management approaches in financial and economic relations and in technology development at the intersectoral level, which differs from traditional approaches to the development of financial technologies at the level of national state regulators according to the sectoral principle (the process of the life cycle of financial services, its competitiveness and efficiency, processes regulation, infrastructure creation, and coordination with the institutional sphere). The results obtained may be of interest to public authorities in the field of fintech development and contribute to the development of an adequate state policy that takes into account the specifics of fintech, which can be implemented through the formation of a national development model as a cumulative description of the manifestation of state regulation of their development.

The article analyzes the investors' irrational behavior in the financial market, which can lead to the manifestation of crises. The crisis phenomena cast doubt on the hypothesis of an efficient market, which was once again proved in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and the turbulent years that followed. During the analysis in this article, the investors' atypical behavior in the dot-com crisis and when performing operations with cryptocurrencies (for example, bitcoin) was revealed. These research results are important not only for the development of modern scientific thought, contributing to the solution of the scientific problem of predicting the onset of crisis phenomena, but also have practical significance, helping investors to perceive financial market signals more correctly. Conclusions about the intensification of investors' irrational behavior in the current conditions of geopolitical problems of the world economy are also obtained. The recommendations presented in this article will be useful to Russian financial market participants.

The article analyzes interest rates as one of the key instruments of the monetary policy of the European Central Bank for a long period of time. A conceptual approach to interest rates is presented. Based on the European Central Bank data, the trends in the dynamics of interest rates in the eurozone and in some other foreign countries are analyzed. The research was conducted in the new realities that have formed over the past 2 years, which have transformed the already formed system of interest rates as one of the key instruments of monetary policy. Very noticeable changes in the economic policy pursued by the European Central Bank have been identified. It is necessary to switch from the negative rates model to the positive rates model. Forecasts are presented.