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Vol 14, No 4 (2014)

Articles

MEMOIRS ABOUT THE TEACHER.DMITRY A. BIRUKOV IN LENINGRAD

Klimova-Cherkasova V.I.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the interesting scientist, the outstanding science organizer, the creator of the new science direction in principle - ecological physiology. D. A. Birukov had leaved in memory as clever, kind and intelligent teacher, scientist, manager. He had been respected, honoured, loved. The author of the article is student of Dmitry Birukov. She is honoured worker of science, professor, doctor of medical science, who was nearby D. Birukov for 30 years.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):7-18
pages 7-18 views

A TRIBUTE TO ELENA KORNEVA, A PIONEER OF NEUROIMMUNE BIOLOGY, ON HER 85 th BIRTHDAY

Berczi I.

Abstract

The scientific carrier of Elena Korneva is presented, who dedicated her life for research on Immuno-Physiology, as she likes to call her field. PubMed reports 102 papers over 52 years. We can safely assume that her total production, including those works, which are not reported by PubMed might be over 200-250 papers, books and book chapters. We discuss a total of 70 papers, as for many papers only the titles were available to us. Of this 70 papers 55 were reported by PubMed between 1962 and 2009. In addition we have collected 14 papers and one book which were not reported by PubMed. These are book chapters and journal articles. Her research subjects vary a great deal, but everything has to do with Immuno-Physiology. The first paper we discuss establishes that the hypothalamus regulates immune function [1]. This knowledge that the Neuroendocrine and Immunes Systems interact never was neglected in her papers. Here we list the various fields of her investigations and put the reference numbers in brackets to help the reader. Neuroimmune interaction [References No.: 1, 5-12]; Glucocorticoids [13-15]; Cytokines [13-25]; Defensins [26, 27, 55]; Signal Transduction [29-31]; Stress [31-37]; Cholinergic immunoregulation [38, 39]; Opioid peptides [40]; Thymus [41]; Pineal gland [42]; Natural killer (NK) cells [43]; Anesthesia [44]; Nonspecific resistance [45]; Autoimmunity [46, 47]; Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) [48]. Orexin and immunity [49-52]; History of Neuroimmune Biology [54]; Concluding remarks to NIB 6 [55]; Immune response in the CNS [56]. Signal Transduction by IL-1 and IL-2 [57, 58]. c-Fos gene and Il-2 expression in the brain [59]; Signaling mechanisms in stress [60]. Orexin in the CNS and in immune organs [61, 62]. Neuroimmune pathology of stress [63]. As we may see Korneva covered just about any subjects belonging to Immuno-Physiology. She is a leader, not a follower, so all of the papers present new discoveries, new aspects of various areas of the subject matter she investigated. Considering this fact and also the work that could not be reported here makes her a truly outstanding scientist, which has been appreciated by various institutions. She received numerous medals and awards and fulfilled leading positions for a lifetime.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):19-32
pages 19-32 views

THE APPLICATION OF VIDEOCOMPUTER FEEDBACK BY GSR TO FIGHT STRESS AND IMPROVE PSYCOPHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF HUMAN HEALTH

Vovk O.N., Balabanov Y.V., Vakulenko Y.Y., Klimenko V.M.

Abstract

This work is devoted to anti-stress therapy in applying the motivational videocomputer meditating with external feedback. The study was conducted on 32 volunteers; subjects aged 17 to 45 years with a variety of psycho-somatic disorders and nicotine dependence. The findings showed that motivational videocomputer external auditory training with feedback galvanic skin response (GSR) affects the basic physiological mechanisms of stress, lowers the tone of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, increases the stability of the central nervous system to the effects of stress, restores the adaptive mechanisms of self-regulation, has a beneficial effect on the body and the health of humans.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):33-37
pages 33-37 views

MY FRIEND DR. H. KORNEVA AND RUSSIA

Katafuchi T.

Abstract

I sincerely congratulate Dr. Korneva’s 85 th anniversary. It was my great honor to be invited to contribute to this journal. It was just 20 years ago when I made a conversation with Dr. Korneva in Japan in 1994, who was one of the pioneers in neuroimmunomodulation study in the world. Then I was invited to visit St. Petersburg in 1998 during International Congress of Pathophysiology held in Lahti, Finland. According to her invitation I visited St. Petersburg for the first time to attend International Conference on «Mechanisms of Functioning of Visceral Systems» dedicated to academician Ivan Pavlov’s 150-anniversary. Since that time I visited St. Petersburg many times as well as other cities in Russia such as Moscow, Volgograd and Ekaterinburg. In this short chapter to appreciate Dr. Korneva s sincere kindness, I would like to describe wonderful memories with Dr. Korneva in Russia.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):38-40
pages 38-40 views

BLOOD ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AT ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISORDER OF CEREBRAL CIRCULATION

Stepanova J.I., Garmaza Y.M., Slobozhanina E.I., Kamyshnikov V.S., Zubritskaya G.P., Kutko A.G.

Abstract

The purpose of the research - to study of the blood antioxidant status, including total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma and enzymatic antioxidant system (AOS) of red cells (activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione content) in conjunction with the aggregation activity of platelets and erythrocytes in 42 patients with brain infarction (BI) and 20 patients with discirculatory encephalopathy (DEP). It was found that on the 10 th day of treatment of cerebral ischemia blood antioxidant status had the distinction depending on the etiopathogenesis of the pathological process. At DEP it has been revealed the recovering activity of AOS. At acute BI it was revealed pronounced imbalance between antioxidants and prooxidants of blood and TAA decreasing was associated with the severity of ischemic stroke in patients at discharge from hospital. For the first time it was identified a strong inverse relationship between platelet aggregation and the severity of blood TAA deficit, as well as between erythrocytes aggregation and the activity of SOD, catalase of erythrocyte membranes in patients with BI against the background of ongoing antithrombotic therapy.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):41-48
pages 41-48 views

VIEWING INTO THE CNS INFLAMMATION

Kawakami N., Wekerle H.

Abstract

Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been used for human autoimmune disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), which is characterized by inflammation in the Central Nerve System (CNS). In this review, we focus one of EAE variants, transfer EAE induced by adoptive transfer of encephalitogenic autoantigen specific T-cell clone. We describe about the model and introduce the application of this model for experimental research and therapeutic development. In addition, we introduce two-photon intravital imaging, which enable to observe and track fluorescently labeled encephalitogenic T-cells in living animal in real time. Further, by using activation sensors, which detect cellular activation during intravital imaging, we show migrating T-cells become activate upon contacting with local antigen presenting cells. The obtained results reveal that the transfer EAE model is useful to understand the mechanisms of initiating CNS inflammation.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):49-54
pages 49-54 views

CELL-MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF PROTECTIVE FUNCTION’S CHANGES UNDER TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND WAYS FOR IT’S MEDICATION

Rybakina E.G., Shanin S.N., Fomicheva E.E., Filatenkova T.A., Dmitrienko E.V.

Abstract

Data about immune systems function’s changes under traumatic brain injury (TBI) means a lot for character pathology development s prognosis and control of effectively applied therapy, but this data is not enough coverage in world literature. In experiments on animals for expressing TBI the model of «dropping weight» was used. Complex of protective functions disturbance on system and cell-molecular levels was investigated. Protractedly unlikable elevation of cytotoxic and proliferative activity of splenocites, stress-induced changes of hormones and cytokines concentration, increasing level of cytokines and glilal growth factors gene expression in brain cells were shown, what are informative data disturbanœ of protective functions after TBI. Thou after medication of rats with nucleotide nature preparation Derinat normalization of protective reactions was observed.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):55-62
pages 55-62 views

SOME FEATURES OF THE STRESS REACTION IN RATS AFTER EXPOSURE TO STRESS AND ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE DEFENSIN RATNP-3

Yankelevich I.A., Aleshina G.M., Kokryakov V.N.

Abstract

Dynamics of corticosterone concentration and redistribution of leukocytes in the blood of rats under stressful impact and administration of the antimicrobial peptide defensin RatNP-3 have been studied. The experimental model of stress - swimming in cold (2-4° C) water in 2 min. Plasma corticosterone levels were evaluated by IFA kit for corticosterone. The number of leukocytes was counted in Goryaev chamber and a manual WBC differential was performed using blood smears. It have been shown that administration of defensin RatNP-3 immediately before stressful impact have normalized stress-induced changes in the number of neutrophils in the blood, and reduces stress-induced increase of corticosterone concentration in the blood of rats. The results of this study results suggest that defensin can act as an adaptogen during experimental stress in rats.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):63-67
pages 63-67 views

MICROGLIA OF THE HUMAN SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

Korzhevskii D.E., Kirik O.V., Sukhorukova E.G., Syrszova M.A.

Abstract

The structure and distribution of microglial cells was studied in the human substantia nigra (the main dopaminergic center of the brain). Microgliocytes were revealed using immunocytochemistry for the protein Iba1, the specific microglial marker. The found microgliocytes in the substantia nigra belong to the ramnified microglia, which is the most common in the adult brain. Predominant distribution of microgliocytes was revealed in the reticular part of the substantia nigra in comparison with the compact part. Atypical concentration of the protein Iba1 was found in the nucleus of the microglial cells and a variety of the intranuclear immunocytochemical reaction is described.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):68-72
pages 68-72 views

LPS-INDUCED GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES OREXIN RECEPTOR TYPES I AND II (AND OxR1 OxR2) IN CELLS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Novikova N.S., Perekrest S.V., Shainidze K.Z., Masina V.A., Steinzeig A.D., Korneva E.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the dynamic of gene expression orexin receptor in cells of the structures brain and spinal cord in the first hours after the application of antigen. First shows the change of dynamic of gene expression of receptors for orexin in the first hours after the introduction of the T-independent antigen - lipopolysaccharide, which is reflected in the increase in the concentration of mRNA OхR1 and OхR2 in the mesencephalon cells, and only mRNA of OхR1 in the thoracic segments of the spinal cord cells. Has been defined reduction of gene expression of a OxR2 in the hypothalamus, which indicates the difference vector changes its orexin sensitive cells of various structures of the brain and possibly their intensity realization of ligand-receptor interactions, orexin A and B. The most expressed changes of level of an expression of genes of receptors to orexin are found in cases of application of an anti-gene of small doses.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):73-78
pages 73-78 views

PREVALENCE OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT INFECTIONS AMONG MIGRANT WORKERS IN ST. PETERSBURG

Sofronov A.G., Dobrovolskaia A.E., Pashkovsy V.E., Chashchin V.P., Chashchin M.V., Zueva L.P., Aslanov B.I., Goncharov A.E.

Abstract

The study was aimed at a retrospective analysis of the frequency detection of HIV infection, syphilis and tuberculosis in 2013 among migrant workers seeking for medical examination in the Unified Medical Center in St. Petersburg. Number of people who was examined by a doctor included citizens of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Moldova, Lithuania and Belarus. Total prevalence of HIV infection among migrant workers passed a medical examination is 171,1 per 100 000. This rate is 5 times higher than the average value among the inhabitants of St. Petersburg for 2008-2012, where HIV-infected were 34,7 per 100 thousand of the population. The highest levels of HIV-infected migrants show migrants from Azerbaijan, Moldova and Ukraine. The lowest values of the incidence of HIV infection are among migrants from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The highest levels of tuberculosis show migrants from Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan and Ukraine. Migrants from Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova have the highest prevalence of syphilis.
Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):79-83
pages 79-83 views

K YuBILEYu ELENY ANDREEVNY KORNEVOY

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Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):84-85
pages 84-85 views

ARTEM AKOPOVICh TOTOLYaN K 85-LETIYu SO DNYa ROZhDENIYa

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Medical academic journal. 2014;14(4):85-87
pages 85-87 views


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