Vol 18, No 4 (2018)

An analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic’s trajectory with priority-setting taking into account HIV-associated comorbidities for each time period was performed. A classification of comorbid diseases and conditions in HIV infection by cause and setting of their occurrence is presented. Opportunistic infections and secondary diseases that remain some of the leading causes of severe complications and mortality are characterized. The difficulty of the development of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome against the background of late diagnosis of HIV infection and initiation of antiretroviral therapy is highlighted.

Over the past two decades, state guarantees of free medical care remain the most uncertain type of state guarantees, which leads to an increase in public payments for medical services. The authors believe that state guarantees are necessary not by themselves, but for the most complete implementation of human rights to ensure health care and health in real life. The compulsory health insurance system in Russia that primarily imitates insurance resembles a distribution (budget) financing model based on the organized purchase of guaranteed medical care by private entities, which are not subject to political and economic control. Therefore, in Russia, the share of private expenditure on health care in the structure of total expenditure is almost three times higher than that found in economically developed foreign countries that implement the insurance model in health care. The health care system must be equipped with a “medical policy” that has a strategic focus and covers all levels and components of the health care system. Moreover, this policy must create conditions where the circle of strategic decision-makers in health care will be separated from the circle of people who develop and implement tactical tools.

Spontaneous ovarian teratomas in mice (LT/Sv and LT/SvXBJ) and experimental teratomas (the result of blastocyst transplantation underneath a testicle capsule of CBAXC57 mice) are represented with derivatives of three germ layers. During the process of cytodifferentiation, the epithelium of various origins forms closed cavities (cysts), whereas in more complex morphogenetic processes, the epithelium participates in reduced organogenesis. Intestine analogs have been reported in spontaneous and experimental teratomas, but skin analogs have been shown only in experimental teratomas. The mitotic activity of lining epithelia of organ analogs differs significantly from karyokinetic figures of similar epithelia in cysts. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are discussed in this paper.

This work showed for the first time that recombinant lactoferrin isolated from the milk of transgenic goats binds to the plasma membrane of platelets. The interaction of recombinant lactoferrin with platelets leads to the potentiation or inhibition of agonist-induced platelet aggregation depending on the type of agonist (adenosine diphosphate, thrombin, plant lectins WGA, Con A, and SNA). Using fluorescently labeled antibody CD42b it was shown by flow cytometry that recombinant lactoferrin binds to GPIb on platelets.

This study aimed to identify clinical and electrophysiological signs that determine the phenotypic heterogeneity of essential tremor using a cluster analysis. Seventy-five patients with essential tremor were examined. To identify the heterogeneity of the disease, a cluster analysis was applied (k-means method). Clustering was performed according to clinical and electromyographic parameters. The heterogeneity of essential tremor is justified by amplitude characteristics, topography of tremor, duration disease, and severity of impaired of daily activity. Detecting heterogeneity in essential tremor can broaden understanding of pathogenesis disease and justify heterogeneity of the pharmacological response in patients with essential tremor.

MemoriAl plate unveiled in memory of staff of the Institute of Experimental Medicine who were victims of political repression