Vol 10, No 2 (2020)

Introduction. The issues of formation of modern ideas about the actor structure and driving forces of influence in the global educational policy framework are considered. Topic. The understanding of global educational policy is formed in several contexts: as a function of the state; as the activity of non-governmental organizations; as a compromise between multidirectional groups representing the interests of different countries and others. Methods. The application of the multipolarity methodology as the main position for global educational policy is justified. Results. The significance of globalization for the education development is clarified, and its main drivers (political, economic, cultural, technological, and financial) are highlighted. It is shown that establishing the structure of actors is not enough to form a holistic view of global educational policy without specifying in a single methodological structure the reasons for changes in the type and composition of actors and the value of innovations in the future educational agenda. The authors highlight the driving forces that influence global educational policy: scientific and technological progress, transformation of the world economic system, and development of communications; dynamism of foreign policy strategies, which makes it possible to implement the concept of“competition through cooperation”. It is proved that the set of possible actions of actors is realized through a sequence of scenarios (economic, institutional, and social scenarios) that lead to the formation of a globalizing scenario as an integral one. Discussion. The presented proposals to clarify the actor approach allow us to get away from the declarative nature and subjectivity of the justification of actors, combining the assessment of possible actions, policies and scenarios to obtain a methodologically significant identification of actors within the available set of knowledge in the chosen field-education.

This article discusses the problems and possibilities of strengthening cooperation of law enforcement agencies in the field of combating international terrorism and extremism, the need for constant interaction with various religious and public organizations, educational institutions in Russia, foreign countries, especially near abroad, and exchange of information and experience on the prevention of terrorism and extremism. Particular attention is paid to the exclusion of the possibility of involving the population and young people in the activities of religious radicalism. Among other things, it is necessary to create a single database on persons involved in the financing of terrorist organizations; Development of joint measures to counter the spread of the ideology of extremism in the media and the Internet, radicalization of Islam, whitening of fascism and national socialism, propaganda of immoral and ignorance, which can contribute to the increase of terrorist threats. In addition, there is an increasing need for joint operational activities to identify members of terrorist organizations and their associates. In order to counter extremism and the terrorist threat, prevention of these destructive acts will necessarily require the involvement and use of the media and the Internet.

The article attempts to trace the features of the formation and legal consolidation in ancient Eastern law of one of its most important principles - the principle of justice. For this purpose, the corresponding written monuments of Ancient Egypt, Ancient Babylon, and Ancient Israel were studied through the prism of ancient non-Eastern social concepts of justice. The author's judgments are illustrated by references to specific norms of ancient Eastern law, which most clearly expressed the idea of justice as the religious and moral principle of the laws of the ancient Eastern States. The article shows that in the worldview and legal culture of the peoples of the Ancient East, justice had, first of all, an exceptional sacred significance, acting as a sacred and unshakable Foundation of the universe and world order. This quality of justice allowed it to be reborn in the earliest period of state construction into a legal principle as a basis for the stability of law, on the one hand, and evidence of its continuity with the more ancient norms of religion and morality, on the other hand, to be enshrined in ancient legislation and sanctify it by its connection with the highest divine principle.

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of constitutional identity. The author, exploring the issue of the genesis and evolution of the concept of “constitutional identity”, concludes that the contradictions between the two levels of jurisdiction, international and national, have naturally affected domestic legal practices. The national constitutional courts have come to a pronounced need for creation of a special area of legal regulation (constitutional identity), that would have the “immunity” for the decisions of international judicial bodies. This concept acts as a means of legal argumentation resorted to by the bodies of constitutional judicial control when justifying decisions in the case if it is necessary to uphold the basic fundamental values of the constitutional legal order. Particular attention is paid to the topic of correlation of the idea of constitutional identity with the doctrine of counter-limits. The author also considers the relationship between constitutional identity and the doctrine of the “margin of appreciation”, since the legal effect of the decisions of international judicial bodies depends on their recognition and respect for the national constitutional identity.

The article deals with laws and regulations, which regulate voluntary work (volunteering) activities in modern Russia. Genesis of the federal law 135-FZ “On Charity work and Voluntary work (Volunteering)” is presented. The article also discusses the plan of action for the development of the volunteer movement, during the implementation of which the Standard for the interaction of volunteers with public authorities of the Russian Federation and organizations was developed. The road map for development of voluntary work (volunteering) in the Russian Federation until 2025 is analyzed.

At present, terrorism is an urgent problem for most states of the world. In this regard, there is a constant improvement of legislation and law enforcement practice in the counter-terrorism sphere. The author analyzed the institution of responsibility for training in order to carry out terrorist activities in the Russian Federation. The article states that Russian criminal law has examined certain aspects of holding accountable for undergoing appropriate training. However, this legal regulation does not take into account the currentlevel of development of the criminal community. In this regard, author's proposals are formulated to consolidate the organization of training in order to carry out terrorist activities as an independent crime.

The article analyzes strategy regarding anti-money laundering policy in the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation. Article also emphasises fight against money-laundering at the international level. Money laundering is the process of concealing illegal origin of money and bringing appearance of legality to money deriving from criminal activities. States have eminent interest to prevent such activities from occurring. Article focuses on the Slovak legislation concerning anti-money laundering including criminal liability of legal entities. Law which would enact criminal liability of legal entities in the Russian Federation was not adopted yet. Authors came to conclusion that legal acts of the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation are similar but in certain areas they differ. One significant difference has been observed by authors.

A method has been developed for processing and analyzing the spectral space, obtaining images and recognizing text (textual information) by the video spectral and video microscopic research method, using the Forensic Multifunctional Complex (CMC) with the help of forensic software, which allows to determine the features of objects that are present on the investigated (source) image. At the same time, in the visible region of the spectrum, the optimal method (method) of the algorithmic implementation of transformations depending on the type of their characteristics of the object and their parts can be distinguished. The proposed research method (method), recognition and identification from digital form (image) of typical interventions in text information (color, ink type, signs, modification), highlighting of text elements and recognition of objects and their parts, identification of falsification (fake) of a document, text characters in electronic format (digital form). This method can significantly increase the effectiveness of expert activities in the production of technical and forensic research.

Issues related to the transparency and conciseness of the interpretation of provisions of legislation of the Russian Federation do not cease to be relevant, as in the practice of applying these provisions various questions of interpretation and implementation still arise. This article discusses the issue of the release from custody of persons sentenced to imprisonment in various situations. The need for this consideration is due to the lack of direct action provisions in legislation that provides for an accurate and unambiguous solution to issues related to the need to release prisoners sentenced to imprisonment, the term of punishment of which has been set by the court of first instance expired before the sentence comes into force. The purpose of the article is to describe possible situations and to propose solutions in the frame of ambiguity of interpretation. This study gives an idea of the possible practical situations that arise for various reasons (due to inaccuracy of sentencing, omission in the decision on the pre-trial restriction and other incidents). The work analyzes in detail the provisions governing the indicated issue and defines an exhaustive list of entities authorized, if there are appropriate grounds, to decide on the release of these persons, peculiarities and means of resolving problematic issues. One of the most important situations is when the term of detention expires before the sentence comes into force, and the court of first instance when pronouncing the sentence in violation of the requirements of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, did not specify that the pre-trial restriction before the sentence takes effect remains the same, thereby not resolving the issue of release of a convicted person. The authors specify the necessary algorithm of actions in such practical situations. In conclusion , the article indicates the misregulating of some issues related to the release from custody of persons sentenced to imprisonment, including due to possible unintentional cases of entities whose competence includes issues about the extension or change of the pre-trial restriction and it is proposed to introduce clarifying provisions into the legislation.

This text refers to the need for simple restructuring proceedings for entrepreneurs due to the crisis caused by the coronavirus epidemic. Some countries may be more deeply affected by the crisis, others may be more resilient to economic shocks. The comments are abstract. They do not refer to any particular legal system. Their purpose is to provoke a general discussion on the need to introduce into the legislation special rules regarding business insolvency as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The main assumption is as follows. The main purpose of insolvency law is to maximize creditors’ satisfaction. Meanwhile, in the event of a common, structural crisis, a more important value may be maintaining the entrepreneur’s business activity. Due to the need to quickly overcome the crisis, the entrepreneur’s restructuring should be preferred rather than bankruptcy resulting in liquidation.

The article discusses the problems of the practical implementation of the law on “sovereign runet”. This bill is an integral element in the formation of a digital economy system. Many countries are actively developing a sustainable and highly effective cyber- security system. The implementation of aggressive policies in a number of countries is one of the reasons for the adoption of this bill andthe creation of a domestic system. However, this bill caused a number of disputes, both in professional and political circles. The relevance of the topic of theoretical research is obvious, since the formation of a digital economy and the creation of a sustainable cybersecurity system is impossible without the creation of domestic information resources.

Task. The author of the article set himself the task of analyzing measures of state support for families with children. Model. To solve such a theoretical problem, it is necessary to investigate the social purpose of payments in relation to families with children, to study the types of such measures, to assess their consequences for solving the problems of demography. Conclusions. The system of measures of social support for families with children has an impact on the solution of another broader task - the fight against poverty of the population of our country. The scope of the study. Limited by relations in the field of family law and social security of the Russian Federation. Practical value. Identification of the problems and reasons for getting the family into a crisis situation will allow us to formulate general measures aimed at developing effective mechanisms to protect families with children. Social consequences. Determining the purpose of measures to support families with children, analyzing certain types of assistance will help to determine the relationship and interdependence of social and family norms, the effective interaction of which will ensure the basic needs of each family. Originality, value. A systematic study and investigation of the reasons that provoke a family to get into a crisis situation, identifying common problems that impede the proper satisfaction of the basic needs of all family members, will allow us to formulate common approaches in the formation of additional measures to support families with children. An analysis of the laws of the Russian Federation allows us to identify additional opportunities and new ways to protect families with children.

The purpose of the research work is to analyze the norms of Federal laws, as well as the laws of the Russian Federation's constituent entities, devoted to the definitions and classification of the concepts “cultural heritage”, “historical and cultural monuments”, “cultural values”. Conclusions obtained in the course of the research: based on the study of current legislation, it is concluded that the definitions of “cultural values”, “cultural property”, “objects of cultural inheritance” contained in various normative legal acts differ in content. Based on the research, the author proposes the concept of “cultural values”.

Task. The phenomenon of human capital in line with socio-philosophical analysis requires multilateral study, where intellectual development comes to the fore. Indeed, the decisive role in the development of any country in the world belongs to man as a bearer of wealth [10: 108]. The concept of human capital is gradually acquiring the status of a general scientific concept (it is already more and more often used in pedagogy, sociology, political science, cultural studies and other social sciences with a humanitarian profile). In a post-industrial society, the sphere of culture is revealed in its new state, including family, education, science, computer science, art, acquiring a qualitatively new role, becoming an increasingly leading sector of production, its “basis” and driving force [5: 6]. It follows that philosophy plays a methodological, integrative role in the origin and development of human capital. Based on the analysis of the work of domestic and foreign researchers, as well as the ideas of classics and contemporaries of philosophical thought, the prerequisites for the formation of the concept of human capital, and their basic theoretical approaches are shown. Methodology and research methods. The study traces the idea that human capital in conditions of rapid change determines the dynamics and direction of social development. Ensuring its compliance with social values and the requirements of the time becomes an important task of the targeted socio-cultural development of the individual and society [15: 1]. To clarify the content of the concept of “human capital”, the author uses a historical analysis and a content analysis method as a scientific method of cognition. Based on these methods, text data was studied, the essence of which is to divide text data into structural elements, detect keywords in documents, and determine the frequency of their references. These methods are the main ones in the study of the essence of concepts, the content of media messages, answers to questions of sociological research [11: 29]. Conclusions. In a modern transformational society, in the subtext of human value in the role of capital and resource, positive and negative contradictory directions arise, and their solution requires socio-philosophical research. The ambiguity of the wording of the category“human capital” is based on the categorical relationship between its forms in science and the leveling in the interpretation of the concept of the fact of profitability. As a key evidence, the idea that human capital is a multifaceted socio-cultural resource of society is substantiated. It is regarded as an engine of historical progress in the social and cultural spheres. In the system of views, the role of man in society allows us to distinguish the objective basis of the modern theory of human capital, its historical roots, its scientific logic of significance as the fundamental basis of historical progress. The scope of the study / the possibility of subsequent use of the results of scientific work. The main form of the country's wealth is the leading level of intellectual and spiritual development of the citizen, taking the form of human capital, ensuring the innovation process in every area of its activity. A measure of human innovative capital, vitality and resilience of a society becomes its ability to provide a social space for creative, creative activity of people [14: 1181]. Human capital, like all internal personal wealth, cannot be imagined without the spiritual and moral component of the essence of man and his being. Spirituality is the basis of almost everything, everything that has to do with the self-realization of a person. It can be argued that certain spiritual attitudes explicitly or discreetly direct any activity of each person and all social structures. The absence of the spiritual and moral component of technogenic civilization has led mankind to a standstill. Now more than ever, a qualitative shift in the human mind is required, fundamentally changing his worldview. In the system of education and upbringing, it is necessary to return to the thoughts and ideas of great thinkers, starting from antiquity and ending with modernity in the spiritual and moral elevation of man. Practical value. Today, increased attention to the socio-philosophical aspects of human capital comes down to the practical significance of the identified problem. Therefore, the proposed topic can be applied as a theoretical instruction for social research institutes. The conceptual results of the study provide a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of social transformationsin society, and on the other hand, it can be used as a theoretical basis for future comparative socio-philosophical studies of human capital. Research materials may be useful in the preparation of textbooks, courses in social philosophy. The author proposes the introduction of a special course for undergraduates and doctoral students“Human capital and its manifestations in the development of the Republic of Kazakhstan”. And also in universities, in the process of teaching social sciences and humanities, to practice conducting scientific discussions on the above topic. Originality / value. We believe that the topic of the article touched upon will give an impetus to reflection and encourage the writing of articles on the development of human capital from a position of socio-philosophical analysis. As for the concept of the phenomenon under study, its extrapolation opportunities will be realized on the “reciprocal flows” of the economy and other important areas of social life - science, culture, education, politics, etc. The problem under study is addressed to social scientists, employees of the management system, university professors and doctoral students, as well as all those who are interested in the problems of the formation and development of human capital in the world.

The article provides an overview of current regulatory acts of the Russian Federation on various aspects of the legal regulation of the use of additive technologies in domestic medicine. The authors draw attention to the question of the legal nature of bioprint organs. In the study, such methods of scientific knowledge were used as: general scientific dialectic, formal legal and comparative legal methods. At the same time, the author proceeds from the subjective-objective backside of processes and phenomena, as well as their relationship. This means that all people can use the technology of a new generation, which can cause a therapeutic or preventive effect. This condition is the need for the formation of new legal issues in this area through modernization.

The article is devoted to the functions of the criminal Executive inspections of the Federal penitentiary service in monitoring convicted drug addicts. The statistical number of this category of convicts is analyzed, problematic issues are considered, contradictions and shortcomings in the legal regulation of the procedure for monitoring convicts suffering from drug addiction, and proposals are made to improve the legislative regulation of the procedure for monitoring convicted drug addicts.