2023

The author focuses on the problem of interpretation and understanding of the system- activity approach in education. The author carries out a critical analysis of the author's vision of this approach by A.G. Asmolov, as well as interpretations of the system-action-activity approach in modern education, which has become the methodological basis of FSES and has changed the system of education in general education school, the consequences of erroneous interpretation of which have had a negative impact on the results of learning, manifested in the decline in the quality of school education.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of the German “Kulturkampf”, which was a confrontation between the Catholic Church and the government of the German Empire in the 70–80s. XIX centuries. This issue is explored using the example of German caricature, which during the period of the “struggle for culture” became a tool for a hidden assessment of this socially significant phenomenon.

The paper reveals the peculiarities of determining the belonging of Uglovskaya, Laptevskaya, Loktevskaya and Alekseevskaya volosts of Altai province in the process of delimitation with Semipalatinsk province of the Kazakh ASSR. The reasons and the course of the four volosts being placed under the control of Semipalatinsk and their subsequent return to the Altai province are shown. It is concluded that despite the success of the Altai authorities in the issue of maintaining control over the border volosts in 1921, in subsequent years, adjustments in favor of the Kazakh ASSR were observed on this section of the border.

The article examines the problem of the attitude of the Black Hundreds to the position of the outskirts of the Russian Empire as special regions in the representation of modern researchers. Their view on the peculiarities of the economic development of Finland, Siberia, the Caucasus and some other regions is analyzed. The relationship between the participation of certain peoples in the national liberation or revolutionary movement and the attitude of the extreme right towards them is traced through an analysis of the progress of post-Soviet historiography.

The ancient city of Taraz is one of the most significant historical and cultural monuments. This city has been home to many civilizations over the centuries. The two-thousand-year history of the city reflects the main stages in the development of urban culture and economy. Here the cultures of East and West intertwined, creating a unique cultural heritage that has survived to this day. The article is devoted to the latest research in the city of Taraz.

The article highlights the position of Yakut women in the family and society in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. Some features of marital relations and everyday women's family responsibilities are considered. A brief overview of the historiography on the research topic is presented, and archival sources are provided for further study of the issue.

The article describes the memoirs and diaries left by Siberians who made a pilgrimage to Palestine in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. It is noted that the authors were mainly representatives of the clergy, and the content of the records indicates that the Holy Land for Siberians from the sphere of semi-legendary legends is turning into a real geographical object accessible for visiting.

The relevance of this study is due to the global transformations taking place in the socio-political, legal, cultural, economic, and environmental spheres of modern society. These changes are often destructive in nature, as a result of which the normative foundations of social life, both moral and legal, are destroyed. At present, in this regard, consideration of the problems of the relationship between law and morality, personal freedom and necessity, will and reason is of particular importance. The developed theories of the social contract, legal and civil society, and natural rights of the individual became the basis for the formation of the classical concept of legal theory.

The purpose of the work is to reveal the migration topics of research in Yakutia, where the migration factor has played and plays an important role in the formation of the population. The analysis is carried out on a large array of literary sources, covers the pre-Soviet, Soviet and post- Soviet periods. It is shown that in the first two periods, the historical, geographical, and partly economic aspects of the migration process were more studied. The range of post-Soviet studies has expanded with demographic and sociological studies.

Ecological philosophy is an actual direction of philosophical knowledge, which states the ontological and axiological unity of the following elements: the environment, man and society. They act simultaneously as subjects of the established ecosystem, and also condition the further development of the natural environment. At present, the next stage of development of ecological philosophy as a modern socio-humanitarian direction of cognition of the world and man is unfolding.

The appeal to the theme of reflexion is extremely significant for modern scientific cognition, especially for the field of humanitarian knowledge, as it characterizes its orientation - the formation of holistic and critical thinking of an individual. The problematics of the formation of reflexivity of consciousness does not lose its relevance in the modern world.

The phenomenon of virtual reality deserves special comprehension, as it enters the space of objective reality more thoroughly every day. Virtual existence becomes the same reality for modern man, and in some cases, even more realistic, due to technical improvements. At present, there is a rapid change of real and virtual with the replacement of value coordinates, which is reflected in the changing worldview of the modern individual.

The article is devoted to the study of the specificity of the concepts of sky and earth in the Russian and Chinese languages in the conceptual field "space". Sky and earth are inextricably linked with the cosmos, which contain peculiar cultural codes deposited in the Chinese and Russian peoples since ancient times. In two different linguistic pictures of the world, sky and earth as representatives occupying the central place in the conceptual field "cosmos" are expressed in them by different national features of mentality and personality.

A.I. Solzhenitsyn's portrayal of Russia in his journalistic works and the epic "The Red Wheel" is distinguished not only by patriotism, loyalty to national cultural traditions, but also by the desire for an objective and reliable positioning of his Fatherland. For the writer, Russia is a huge, unyielding and great country with its own distinctive path of development, centuries‒old reliance on Christian values.

The article discusses the ethnocultural names of the Kazakh people's clothing, their use in Russian-language literary texts. Artistic bilingualism, types of artistic bilingualism, literary bilingualism are presented with reference to researchers. The translation of the novel by I. Yesenberlin is analyzed “Nomads". The author of the article introduces various ways of introducing textbook names into the Russian literary text, which are very significant in the Russian-speaking system.

The educational process of students of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug- Yugra takes place in difficult climatic, geographical and environmental conditions, when the very fact of living in the northern region indicates the presence of increased health risks. This problem actualizes the task of forming a healthy lifestyle and fostering a culture of health, since these two factors are the leading ones in maintaining health. The purpose of the study was to assess the behavioral risk factors and health culture of students, taking into account the regional characteristics of residence.

The problem of “picture of the world” studying in psychological science is reveals in the article. One of the deepest individual worldview aspect is religious component (“religious picture of the world”). Existing scientific approaches to the “religious picture of the world” are analyzed and caparisoned at this work.

The article examines the interdisciplinary connections of the discipline of life safety at the level of secondary specialized education. The importance of an interdisciplinary and practice- oriented approach at the level of secondary vocational education (SVE) is presented. To master professions to perfection, the authors proposed the use of interdisciplinary tasks. The main aspect that influences the preparation of educational tasks based on interdisciplinary connections is the formation of general and professional competencies aimed at developing independent professional activities and cognitive interests of students.

The scientific article analyzes the process of forming general technological competence among future educators specializing in professional education. The role and significance of this competence in pedagogical practice are examined, with key components (knowledge, skills, abilities) highlighted. The authors discuss formation methods, including the influence of modern educational technologies. The article aims to enrich the theoretical foundation of pedagogical science and provide practitioners with valuable recommendations for the effective development of the competence of future educators.

The article reveals modern approaches to solving problems of environmental education for preschool children; Features of the formation of environmental ideas in children. The results of the implementation of the “Algorithmics” technology in the Nizhnevartovsk Municipal Administrative Educational Institution No. 52 “Samoletik” are presented. It is shown that at the secondary stage of diagnosis, the value of high and average levels of environmental knowledge in preschool children increases by 30 and 20%, respectively. A fairly high degree of effectiveness of using this technology for the formation of environmental ideas in preschoolers has been determined.

The article deals with the concepts of electronic educational resources (EER), their importance in the learning process, references to already existing EER and constructors for their creation. The article substantiates the effectiveness of using electronic educational resources in the educational process, but provided they meet all the requirements.

The article considers the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in geometry lessons. The advantages of using ICT, in particular, the CoreApp platform, in geometry lessons are described. The possibilities of creating interactive presentations and demonstrations, creating tests and tests, as well as integrating with other ICT solutions are considered.

A study is being conducted of the conditions that ensure the start of electric motors powered by transformer substations and operating in parallel with each other, during which it was found that with a decrease in voltage, it is important that during the start-up period, to ensure its further stable operation of electric motors, the starting torque was greater than or equal to the value of the torque of the working machine brought to the shaft of the electric motor.

The article highlights the directions of transport transformation in conditions of sustainable development: the establishment of “ecological zones” on the territory of cities, water areas, encouraging car owners to choose in favor of public transport, the development of alternative fuel sources for transport. Problems in the development of electric motor transport infrastructure have been identified. Maps of the location of gas stations and the number of electric vehicles for the Asian part of Russia have been built.

Transport infrastructure is a key element of the functional structure of a modern city. It provides spatial movements of people and goods, which most accurately reflects the economic and social state and development of the city. The article presents some features of the reconstruction of the transport infrastructure of modern urban areas to improve land management. The authors analyzed the problems of transport infrastructure in the territory of the city of Nizhnevartovsk, and also outlined recommendations for its reconstruction.

The article is devoted to the study of the species diversity of the mycocenoses of the pine bark of the pine forests of the parks of the city of Surgut: “Za Saima”, “Energetikov”, “Cedar Log”, “Neftyanik”. The mycobiota contains 6 species of microscopic fungi with an abundance of saprotrophs – Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Mucor plumbeus, Rhizopus stolonifer and Neurospora dictyophora. The phytopathogenic species Fusarium sporotrichioides was identified as part of the mycocenosis of the pine bark of the park “Za Saimaa”.

Functional indicators of external respiration were studied among students who live and study in the north. For this research, a “Spiro-spectrum” spirometer from “Neurosoft” was used. The average values of vital capacity of the lungs, tidal volume, and respiratory rate in young men and women were within normal limits. The degree of decrease in VC and FVC in relation to the required values for the majority of students didn’t go beyond the normal limits. Ventilation disorders according to changes in the FEV1 indicator were not detected (all representatives of the sample were above 80% of the expected value). The values of the Gensler index for all examined students were above 70%, which is a variant of the norm. According to the indicator of maximum lung ventilation, no deviations from the norm were identified. Functional signs of obstructive and restrictive disorders weren’t identified in the examined students.

Pollution of urban soils poses a risk due to the possibility of toxic substances. Identifying urban soil contamination is important for taking measures to protect the health and environmental sustainability of ecosystems, ensuring the safe use of land resources and preserving environmental quality. As part of the study, soil samples were collected on the territory of Nizhnevartovsk. The city’s soils are slightly acidic, non-saline, low in nitrogen and phosphorus, and have lower concentrations of heavy metals.

The work was carried out on a raised bog under conditions of the thermal influence of a gas torch for burning associated petroleum gas. It has been shown that the thermal influence of the torch leads to a decrease in the value of most of the studied anatomical parameters of leaves of Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench from 13 to 28%. An exception was found in the thickness of the columnar mesophyll. This indicator increased by an average of 5%, which is associated with the compensatory function of plants in unfavorable living conditions.

In the basin of the large left-bank tributary of the Irtysh River – the Konda River, which had not previously been studied in malacological terms, faunistic and ecological studies of freshwater mollusks were carried out. Using morphological and molecular genetic methods, the species and taxonomic composition of the fauna was revealed. The features of the biotopic distribution and the factors that have the greatest influence on the distribution of mollusks are determined.

Humid climate, short growing season and negative average annual temperature are the determining factors in the development of ecological-trophic groups of soil microorganisms. For analysis, the study examined alluvial soils of the river. Deep Sabun. The study found that automorphic soils have weak soil nitrogen cycle processes carried out by soil microscopic fungi. Alluvial soils are more active in the microbiological aspect and have a higher biological diversity of microorganism species and soil processes.

The article discusses the main directions of scientific research conducted on the territory of the Sibirskie Uvaly natural park for the period 1998–2023. The chronology and topics of research in the main branches of science are given. The stages of research work are identified and justified, and the main research results are presented. A statistical analysis of publication activity was carried out.

This article is devoted to the problem of searching for and extracting lithium carbonate from the reservoir waters of hydrocarbon deposits in the Nizhnevartovsk district of KHMAO – Yugra. The analysis of the current state of the issue is carried out. Scientific, technical and social problems requiring further solutions are formulated.

This article provides a brief description of the advantages of using biodiesel. The results of an experimental study of the basic physicochemical properties of diesel and biodiesel fuel are presented.