Vol 335, No 10 (2014)

The main methodological framework to improve the system of medical examination of flight crews is the concept of occupational health. One of the important areas is the study of the epidemiology of professionally caused disadaptation functional disorders and subclinical disease in aircrew, their preclinical diagnosis and classification. Pointed to the need to improve organizational and practical principle of comprehensive and regular inspection of the body of the pilot, not only for diagnostic purposes, but also for the smooth conduct medical and rehabilitation measures. Proved the ways to achieve these goals.

The analysis of a clinical picture barometeosensitivity in a seaside zone of the Far North is carried out in the article. A diagnostic test included the following laboratory assessments: complete blood count, complete urinary analysis, biomedical measurement assessment, immunology blood research and functional renal test; analysis of the level of an electrolyte in the blood and hormone receptor status; and the following instrumental diagnostics: The auscultatory Korotkov’s method of determining blood pressure, electrocardiography, variational pulsometry, chest X-ray, mechanocardiography, echocardiography and abdominal ultrasound; and also consultation of ophthalmologist and neuropathologist. Every patient should keep a diary «weather - health» before and after the treatment. Peculiarities of cardiovascular system, vegetative systems and neuroendocrine system of servicemen, coming to the Far North and mechanisms of development of barometeosensivity were revealed. It has been established that atmospheric pressure variation affects systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, systolic discharge, Kerdo index, effectiveness of myocardial function, end-diastolic and end-systolic volume, level of cholesterol, triglycerides, kalium, adrenalin, triiodothyronine, blood plasma and plasma renin activity in barometeosensetiv servicemen. The criteria of diagnostics of barometeosensivity in conditions of the Far North are suggested. The influence of baromemteosensivity on the combat capability of serviceman is researched.

Provided an overview of materials on the history of the formation method ballistocardiography for diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, an assessment of its current status and prospects for further development. Investigation of the physiological changes in the myocardium by recording ballistocardiogram acquires greater relevance since the existing knowledge in the field of cardiac diagnosis were obtained using instruments that do not meet modern requirements. Although the results of previous studies and define the basic characteristics ballistocardiography nonetheless update and clarification of details in relation to the data obtained by the use of modern methods of measuring contractility of the myocardium, it is useful. The resumption of work on the development of reliable devices for ballistocardiography is an urgent task. Method ballistocardiography under military medicine may be used for the integrated assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system during clinical examination of servicemen during mass examinations of recruits, the selection of students in military schools, as well as in monitoring the hemodynamic status in a hospital.

Developed and approved a pathogenic grounded experimental model of brain condition during cardiovascular bypass surgery. Undertaken in Wistar rats research allowed to evaluate in detail effectiveness and safety of protracted cerebroprotective treatment. Advantages of this model are researches in laboratory animals with the aim to research condition of nerve tissue, not intensive procedures and consequently high reproducibility and possibility of complex evaluation of changes at every stage of research. Results of neurons, neuroglia and activation of neurotrophic mechanisms prove that simulation of brain condition during cardiovascular bypass surgery is accompanied with acute and delayed brain injuries. Use of Cytoflavin under pharmalogic cerebroprotection had prolonged multimodal and neuroprotactive effect, leading to improvement of neurotrophic protection from the first days.

The paper presents an overview of modern molecular genetic methods for identification of pathogenic bacteria. One of the main current methods is the polymerase chain reaction and its modifications. Agarose gel electrophoresis is used for PCR analysis. The authors presented the advantages of the realtime fluorescent tag on this stage (quantitative PCR, Quantitative PCR, Q-PCR, Real-Time PCR) and Flash PCR. Real-Time PCR permits quantitative analysis of a test sample and reduces analysis time. Simplified version of the PCR detection of the fluorescent signal is Flash PCR. In addition to PCR, there are other methods based on the amplification of DNA, in particular, the ligase chain reaction. Considered sophisticated methods of identification of pathogenic bacteria - multilocus sequence typing, the analysis of variable nucleotide tandem repeats. One of the most convenient methods for the complete identification of pathogenic bacteria can be sequenced bacterial genome.

The authors have shown that the use of levofloxacin in the treatment of non-severe community-acquired pneumonia in patients with risk factors for therapeutic failure shows a higher efficiency than used in the «real»» clinical treatment regimens. It is concluded that the generic form of levofloxacin is not inferior to its clinical efficacy in the original drug therapy of mild forms of community-acquired pneumonia and is characterized by optimal pharmacoeconomic parameters.

The results of comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of drug therapy of inflammatory diseases of the same drug from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, showing imaginary save money when used to treat not expensive drugs, but has a more pronounced side effects.

Shown that «healthy», compare to those who had a treatment for various somatic diseases, protected more from diphtheria and tetanus infections.

The authors have shown that patients with metabolic syndrome treated with a comprehensive program of medical rehabilitation, optimized switching panto-magnesium baths, noticed a more pronounced and statistically significant reduction in waist circumference, improvement in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, microcirculation, improvement of mental and emotional state. Authors came to conclusion about the feasibility of introducing the use of panto-magnesium baths in the program of medical rehabilitation of patients with metabolic syndrome.

The article is dedicated to the current state and prospectives of military endocrinology demonstrated on the examples of the endocrinology services of armed forces of Serbia, Poland, France, and USA. It is shown that this branch of military healthcare receives much attention abroad. The prospectives of military endocrinology are demonstrated in the context of two nosological forms which dominate in this section of military medicine, namely, primary hypothyroidism an diabetes mellitus.

The article is devoted to famous Russian surgeon Sergei Sergeevich Yudin (1891-1954) and his life during 1914-1916. The article is based on a great collection of documents stored in Manuscripts Department of the Russian State Library.