Vol 7, No 3-2 (2013)

The article discusses the possibility of local and deep wastewater treatment on an automobile plant. Experimental studies using flocculants, coagulants extracted from waste and biotesting of wastewater were carried out.

The authors studied the contact angles of polymer compositions with a different content of a woodflour. It has been established that with increasing of concentrations of woodflour in the polymer composition, the contact angle decreases substantially, i.e. increases the hydrophilicity of the sprinkler which leads to slow movement of the water film, increasing its ability to spread. The results can be applied to improve the efficiency of cooling towers.

This article discusses content recommender systems which solve the top-N problem. A mathematical model of the content recommender system based on fuzzy sets, the criterion of assessing the quality of recommendations and solution algorithm are presented in the article.

The possibility of experimental treatment and post-treatment of oil products is considered to implement on wastewaters of gas stations of Vyazma and Troitsk cities. The authors developed the technological line of treatment, conducted biotesting of wastewater and research using bubble flotation, AU AG-3 (АУ АГ-3), zeolite and nonwovens.

The paper presents experimental data on cleaning of washing effluent stream by coagulants of a new generation and developed resource-saving technology of cleaning with economy of detergents.

This article is the first part of the work devoted to plasma-chemical processing of plastic waste and other toxic organic compounds into hydrogen and other marketable products. The paper demonstrates the extent of global environmental and energy problems of today. Environmental problem is connected with environmental pollution by polymer waste. Energy problem is the use of fossil fuels for energy production and the concentration of power to ensure the effectiveness of the global power systems which do not guarantee sustainable energy development in the long term and doesn’t provide the energy security of the country. The second part is devoted to the selection of the most effective ways to address these global challenges of our time. The third part is devoted to a review of experimental and theoretical work on the study and application of various types of plasma-chemical technology. On its basis, the most effective scheme of the reactor for plasma-chemical processing of plastic waste into hydrogen and other marketable products was chosen.

The article considers the way for improving efficiency of collection of drops suspended in steam with use of the effect of condensation on the surface of the tube bundle.

The main question in the article is the poor state of modern sewer systems. The author analyzes modern approaches to the design, construction, reconstruction and maintenance of sewage systems. A complex approach to solving this problem is to use information technologies to solve not separated tasks, but complex sewage system as a whole, which includes sewage networks, pumping stations, wastewater treatment plants. In the article there are the examples of software systems, which are used in the industry today.

The paper considers compound structure of composites based on secondary polymers and cellulose containing waste (TetraPak-packing type), analyze of sorption of the derived materials and their use for control of oil spills in accidents. The authors discuss the prospects and opportunities of thermochemical conversion of package and developed sorbents after their use for accumulation of oil and petroleum products.

CALS concept became a base for development of the system for production of tetrachloromethane of various qualifications. The paper shows the structure of the database and interconnection of its components in addition to the chosen subject area - “High purity substances”. The authors considered development of the process regulation for tetrachloromethane by the means of CALS-system.

The papers presents developments of the department "Engineering ecology of the urban economy" of Moscow State University of Mechanical Engineering (MAMI) of the methods of processing different types of waste. Non-waste gasification technology in the molten metal can process municipal waste to produce synthesis gas and electricity in a gas turbine. The technology has been standardized by type of feedstock, processing possible local fuel resources, including peat, coal, production waste, household waste and other carbon-bearing fuels. Encouraged to use the synthesis gas in cogeneration power plants and power technology complexes. Developed technology for processing and utilization of polymeric materials using new-generation catalysts by low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis. Developed technology for processing food waste to produce feed additives by bioconversion.

The article presents the results of studies to solve the problem of data visualization of software unit. This block is a part of the information search diagnostic system “Passportgen”. This unit provides a diagnostician with visual data on genetic relationships of diagnosed body.

There was conducted a study of microbial fuel cells in the industrial waste water in the flow and periodic mode.

The article shows the experimental results of multicyclone element (diameter 0,05 m) work. The velocity of gas, corresponding to the beginning of self-similar mode of the device, fractional efficiency of dust catching. The legitimacy of application of the obtained earlier empirical dependences for calculation of such filters is shown in the article.

The paper considers synthesis of the training system which allows to increase the efficiency of training the operators for the processes of nanostructured carbon materials production. There are shown results of the processes of fullerene soot synthesis research. On the basis of these results the model of the reactor of the fullerene soot functioning, structure of the library of the mathematical models were made. There is also developed a software simulator complex for synthesis process of fullerene soot to train operators to control the processes of production of fullerenes.

The experiments on the cultivation of algae Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda on flasks showed that from eight commercially available water-repellent recipes to prevent the fouling of glass surfaces the most effective is to use dimethyldichlorosilane as a 5% solution in isopropanol. The procedure of processing the containers is quite simple and consisted of short-term rinsing of the specified drug and further drying under vacuum at a temperature of 100 - 110 degrees Celsius.

The problem of process simulation for cultivation of phototrophic microorganisms in a chamber type photobioreactor is discussed. Comparison of the model with the observed modes in the experiment will allow to make a parametric identification of process and subsequently use it to find the optimal design parameters and modes of installation.

The article discusses the parametric synthesis of the optimal regulator based on the calculus of variations, provided that the mathematical model of an object is represented by a differential equation in the operator form and the left and right parts in the form of algebraic polynomials of relative variable . In the same form is submitted mathematical model of the regulator. On this basis the system of Euler-Poisson equations for extreme variational problem is obtained. After equating the coefficients of the polynomials optimal problem and polynomials obtained from the initial equations of the object and the regulator, there was obtained a given structure regulator adjustments.

Estimated available resources for the production of alternative fuels. To determine the effectiveness of possible conversion of the proposed equation of material balance, the result of which solution is the concentration of methane in the biogas is extracted. Forecast further improvement of existing structures digesters according to the degree of processing of wastes subject to a minimum of energy consumption.

A review of methods and instruments for determining the activity of Portland cement, analyzed their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages identified, conclusions on the use of the best method for measuring the activity.

The research of formation of oxides of nitrogen in the plasma-chemical processes of recycling. The possibility of education beyond the equilibrium concentrations of NOx, related to the temperature profile in the channel of the plasma torch nozzle.

This article present a system for quantitative analysis of the culture medium for the content of unstable or unstable components. Described a model of the process and developed software and hardware, some recommendations to further reduce the error analysis.

In this paper analyzes the characteristics of the equipment failure probability for reprocessing waste multilayer packaging, created under the State contract № 14.527.12.0023 «Development of an integrated pilot recycling technology of production and consumption of composite laminated packaging materials. Based on the results of the controlled operation of pilot techno-logical lines and calculations of the probability density distributions of failures defined least reliable equipment and shows the possible arrangements (adjustments to the schedule planned preventative maintenance) to reduce the number of failures.