Vol 22, No 4 (2020)

This article is devoted to the description of methods which are effective for communicative competence formation among the cadets of the departmental institutes of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. In the article the definition of the communicative competence is revealed, methods that can improve the level of the competence are distinguished. The author pays much attention to the active teaching methods giving their definition. In the article the classification of the active teaching methods used at the lessons is given. The necessity of using active teaching methods in all types of training activity is proved paying great attention to practicability of role-playing games at the lessons. The author offers her own algorithm of the role-playing game given concrete examples. In the article the advantages and disadvantages that can be faced with in the process of role-playing gamming at the lesson are also established.

The article considers foreign student adaptation problem during the study of graphics subjects at a technical university. There are described problems caused by the recruitment of groups from students without the necessary vocabulary in geometric modeling. It is shown, that the communicative adaptation demand is especially high among those applicants who have not studied geometric and technological subjects at a secondary school. There is grounded the influence of multilevel language competence on the geometric and modeling training effectiveness at a technical university. There are given suggestions on the setting of a comfortable communicative environment during classes of descriptive geometry, graphic editors, and engineering graphics. There is considered an application example of a symbolical-graphical description of construction algorithms, which reflects the improvement capabilities of a plane and volumetric modeling technology education methods. There is accomplished the evaluation of communicative environment improvement, encouraging a student to creative work.

The article examines the communicative skills of cadets of departmental universities of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The article substantiates the necessity of learning a foreign language by future employees of penitentiary institutions. The author analyzes effective ways of forming the communicative skills of students in the course of the academic discipline "Foreign language", describes the exercises that make it possible to activate their speech activity.

Article contains an analysis of problems and style of two Russian novels about German settlers on the Low Volga shores (18th century) and their descendants (20th century). The first of the book is a historical novel “Icebergs of Colonization” by A. Schneider-Strem’akova created on the basis of a chronicle diary of her ancestor A.Schneider (18th century) and edited together with the ancestor’s diary in Russia (2011, 2014) and Germany (2014). Her novel tracks down the history of the Volga colony Marienthal (now settlement Sovetsky) and is dedicated to problems of its adaptation to Russian conditions. The artificial time of her opus is 1764 till the beginning of 19th century. This book is being compared with the novel “My own Children” by G.Yakhina (2020) which is a rather specific chronicle of another German Volga colony Gnadenthal (now Gennadyevo) during two Soviet prewar decades. The plot of Yakhina’s novel reveals the family tragedy of the teacher Yacob Bach on the background of the disaster in his colony and the common tragedy of German settlements in Soviet Russia at all. The analysis exposes common features of both compared novels and their mental and stylistic difference.

In this article, the authors come to the conclusion that the "Daily Notes" by Pyotr Oznobishin, which they are examining, only at first glance represent a set of disparate notes: notes from day to day according to the same scenario. But the theory of the text shows that the "Notes" represent a certain meaningful integrity, with all the diversity of facts, phenomena, remarks, but all this is consolidated by the image of the author-narrator. "Notes" secretly, latently, but convey the atmosphere of the Pavlovian era: we feel the threshold of the historical transition from the "eighteenth" century to the Alexander era. Brought up in an enlightened, albeit provincial noble environment, Pyotr Nikanorovich is able, if not to understand, then to feel the "change of milestones." At the same time, he has a fairly wide outlook: due to the peculiarities of the service, he moves up and down the Volga from city to city, from Kazan to Astrakhan. The “breakthrough man” is especially experiencing a change of milestones, providing a crossroads of cultures. And about this we are told not only by synopsis, stories, literary texts ..., but also diaries, memoirs, and in this case "Notes" clearly reflect the era of breakdown: historical facts are submitted through a "living" witness of the breakdown. History is comprehended not only by “out-of-the-box” personalities, as M.N. Virolainen, but also by such ordinary, ordinary people as P.N. Oznobishin. In addition, the authors polemicize with the Polish researcher Eliza Malek, who argued that "despite all the efforts of the writers and the authorities, the noblemen's withdrawal from the service of the state was 'rampant'." Long-term studies of the authors show that some part of the Russian nobility, mainly of the capital, aspired to be in "idleness and festivity, ... gravitated to all types of play and fun", but the absolute majority of both the capital, and especially the provincial nobility, served on military and civil service. And this is a vivid confirmation of the huge family of the Penza-Simbirsk nobles of the Oznobishins. Particular interest "Day Notes" by P.N. Oznobishin is presented for specialists due to the fact that this is a purely archival material and is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time by us.

The main cultural interconnections of Ancient Russia and Ancient India after the adoption of Christianity were carried out in the translated literature tradition, including translations from Arabic. In order to study the earlier stages of forming the Slavic community on the territory of the Russian Plain, researchers traditionally use the works of Arab, Greek and European travelers and historians. The few studies indicate that many of modern Russian toponyms and hydronyms are derived from Sanskrit. Some of them make reference to the ancient Indian mythological figures. This paper proposes to use the chapters of “The Book of the Forest”, the third book of the ancient Indian epic “Mahааbhааrat”, in which five pааndavas and their common wife make a pilgrimage to Mount Gandha-mааdana as a source of information about the period of the Indo-Slavic community. The interconnections are based on the north-south orientation of this mountain, its underground wealth (ores and precious stones), numerous lakes and polar realities of the Northern Urals. The analysis reveals a community of motives in “The Mahааbhааrata” and the Russian epics “Father of Svyatogor and Ilya Muromets” and “Death of Svyatogor” and indicates three sources of Svyatogor's character. It also identifies the community of the doctrine of cognition set forth during one of the meetings on Mount Gandha-mааdana and Severodvinsk painting technique. In addition, attention is paid to a remarkably accurate description of the algorithms of world military confrontation in the ancient Indian epic, expressed in the parallelism between some events of the Mahааbhааrata battle and World War II.

The article deals with the manuscript (typewriting) of V.P. Kataev’s lesser-known comedy written in verse form called “The General Store” (1929). Objects of the author’s irony are revealed. Special attention is given to the tragedy of “have-beens” who failed to adapt and happened to become “superfluous” people in the post-revolution era. The analysis of the play demonstrates a vaudevillian nature of the plot: the action is based on confusion and accident that enhance dynamics and maintain general comic environment of the literary work. The play-writer incorporates the elements of fantasy (fairytale poetics) that not only contributes to the entertainment value, but also gives the opportunity to expand the genre boundaries. Kataev practically avoids a straightforward satire and moralizing (unlike in “The Embezzlers” (1927) and the comedies of the 1930es). “The General Store” manifests the acknowledgment of an ordinary person’s “truth”: the main characters of the play look naïve and funny, but they are not judged by the moral and ideological standards of the Soviet times.

Object of the article: This study illuminates the prophetic role of the name Οἰδίπους in the Oedipus story. Subject of the article: The author focuses on the hidden meanings of the hero's name and manifestation of those meanings in the plot through foreshadowing. Proceeding from the structural and semantic similarity between the name of Oedipus and the riddle of the Sphinx, the author argues that the solution to the riddle is hidden in the hero's name. Purpose of research: The article describes the prophetic function of the name Οἰδίπους and shows how it is realized in the plot. Research methods: The author uses linguistic data (Ancient Greek) and applies a structural-semantic approach. Results: The article shows that the name of Oedipus (Οἰδίπους) contains the plot of the Oedipus story in a reduced form and foreshadows the main motifs of vision-blindness, knowledge-ignorance, crime-punishment, as well as the future actions of the hero. In an indirect way the hero's name is connected to the revenge motif, which foreshadows the act of vengeance - the self-blinding of Oedipus. Field of application: literary studies, structural poetics, classics. Conclusion: The author argues that as the story of Oedipus unfolds, it reveals the hidden meanings contained in the hero's name. The inner dynamics of the plot is based on the prophetic function of the name Οἰδίπους which foreshadows the upcoming events and actions of the hero. For their help and encouragement, I am indebted to Dan Whitman and Svetlana Gracheva.