Vol 338, No 7 (2017)

The unique domestic system of training military doctors for medical provision of radiation and chemical safety has repeatedly proved its effectiveness. The current state of the system of training military medical personnel on the issues of medical provision of chemical and radiation protection is analyzed. It is shown that the provision of medical service needs in such specialists is closely connected with the improvement of the system of rendering medical assistance in the event of radiation and chemical damage. The authors proposed ways to solve the problem. The basis for the preparation of the mobilization reserve for the medical service of the Armed Forces can be training programs for specialists that are united for all military medical educational organizations, including questions of preventive and medical-evacuation measures in emergency situations of civil and military time.

The description of successful surgical treatment of massive bilateral recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism (with lesions of both major, upper-lobar, lower-lobe and mid-lobe pulmonary arteries) in a young patients with hereditary thrombophilia is described. It is emphasized that the onset of pulmonary embolism (especially repeated) at a young age is often associated with the presence of a congenital defect in the blood coagulation system. It is always justified to search for the cause of pulmonary embolism, which affects the tactics of the patient’s dynamic observation. The modern approach, the availability of high-tech equipped automobile and air transport, highly qualified medical and nursing team allows evacuating a patient with acute acute pulmonary embolism with a high risk of early death from any region of Russia to a specialized medical institution for the provision of timely highly qualified medical care. In this case, it is possible to achieve a satisfactory result of treatment, to reduce the risk of early death and to level out the risk of disability of patients.

The use of ultrasound linear sensors of high resolution and efficiency of sonoelastography in the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the skin and subcutaneous tissue has been studied. A comparative statistical analysis of ultrasound signs of benign and malignant skin and subcutaneous diseases has been performed. The possibilities of using qualitative and quantitative criteria for the rigidity of formations in the differential diagnosis of this pathology are determined. It is established that the use of sonoelastography improves the accuracy of ultrasound diagnostics. It is proved that the coefficient of deformation of malignant diseases is significantly higher. It was found that to improve the diagnostic efficiency of the study, it is expedient to calculate the boundary values of this indicator separately for skin and subcutaneous foci. A conclusion is made about the prospective inclusion of sonoelastography in the algorithm for the study of patients with suspected malignant pathology of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

The article presents the results of a study of the participation of military commissariats in the work on protecting public health. Anonymous questioning of 838 medical organizers, including 34 experts, was conducted. It is established that the military commissariat is one of the main 13 sectors interested in protecting public health. A wide range of 37 determinants of health and the importance (on a 10-point scale) of the influence of the military commissariat on each of them have been determined 38 informative indices of the evaluation of the success of public health protection and the possible impact on them of the Military Commissariat are substantiated, which allows implementing targeted corrective optimization activities, including the formation of special preventive programs.

The experience of medical rehabilitation of patients with uterine myoma at an outpatient and polyclinic stage in St. Petersburg is presented. When conducting a sociological survey of women, including those who are on military service, there are significant psychological problems arising from the established diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma, as well as a lack of information on the prevention and treatment of this disease. The authors of the article proposed a technique for the early medical rehabilitation of patients with uterine leiomyoma, the use of which is advisable when observing female soldiers in departmental medical organizations. The method is based on the individual and public information of patients on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of uterine fibroids, as well as on providing professional psychological assistance by medical personnel.

The method of paracentesis, indications and contraindications for its conduct in patients with abdominal trauma patients is presented. The benefits of the method of surgical practice are shown.

The history of the 301st district military clinical hospital is inextricably linked with the history of the Khabarovsk Territory, the history of the Far Eastern (now Eastern) military district. The path of 150 years, from the infirmary of the Khabarovsk Postal Command to the modern military medical organization, represents an important fragment of the history of the formation and development of Far Eastern military medicine. Currently, the hospital has in its composition 4 branches and 4 separate structural units located in two regions of the Russian Federation, with a total bed capacity of more than 1 thousand beds. The Military clinical hospital (military district) is a multidisciplinary specialized medical and preventive institution of the medical service of the Eastern Military District, as well as the clinical, educational and scientific base of the Far Eastern State Medical University. After the opening and licensing in 2016 of the department of endovascular methods of diagnosis and treatment, the hospital began to provide high-tech medical care.

A report is presented on the interuniversity scientific and practical conference held in the I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University on urgent issues of life safety and emergency medicine. According to the participants, the practical implementation of the results of scientific activities in the sphere of life safety, military and extreme medicine will allow to carry out liquidation of the consequences of emergencies and medical support of troops in armed conflicts at a qualitatively new level.