No 2 (2015)

В конце года директор Департамента животноводства и племенного дела Министерства сельского хозяйства РФ канд. с.-х. наук Владимир Витальевич Лабинов провел брифинг с журналистами. Он проинформировал о выполнении целевых показателей программы развития сельского хозяйства на 2013-2020 гг. по итогам 2014 г., о финансовой поддержке подотрасли животноводства и планах работы департамента в 2015 г., ответил на вопросы.

В декабре в Москве состоялась конференция «Россия в ВТО: два года участия», организованная газетой «Ведомости» при участии Центра международной торговли, поддержке Торгово-промышленной палаты РФ и Российского союза промышленников и предпринимателей. Подведение итогов пребывания нашей страны в составе ВТО шло на фоне широкого обсуждения санкций, изменения курса рубля по отношению к основным валютам, а также создания ЕЭАС.

The Intergovernmental standard developed by the All Russia Research Institute of Cheese and Butter Making for microbiological assessment of raw milk and milk products is analyzed in the article. Introduction of the standard will promote creation of the up-to-date systems of the inlet and outlet control of milk products.

Review information about existing normative and technical documentation intended for milk based canned products manufacturing that comply with requirements of the technical regulations of the Customs Union is given in the article. Adaptation of numerous technological and methodological approaches for conducting fundamental and applied researches aimed at scientific foundation of the improvements of the traditional technologies and development of promising directions for working out new types of canned products served as a basis for implementation of the work given. The list of the national standards that are proposed to be revised and turned to be international ones is offered. Necessity to actualize technical regulations and to make them another type of documents in the field of standardization - standards of an organization (CTO) is explained. Taking into account existing requirements of the normative legislation basis sets of documents were prepared consisting of CTO and instructions for them for the milk, milk composite and milk containing concentrated products with sugar including the product «Varenka».

The review of the publications contains systematized data of the domestic and foreign scientific literature devoted to the various technological aspects of the extraction of the cow milk whey proteins. The review consists of some logically interconnected articles. Existing data about physical-chemical properties of the main milk proteins are given, the strategies of the group dividing of caseins and whey proteins based on the differences in the molecule mass, heat resistance, ability to be coagulate by enzymes, solubility. Methodological and technological approaches used for receiving complex preparations of milk whey proteins such as acid and sweet milk whey, modified and dry milk whey, products enriched with whey proteins, concentrates, thermoprecipitates, coagulates and isolates of whey proteins are given. Detail characteristic of the technological ways for receiving the main whey proteins beta-lactoglobulin and alfalactalbumin is given. Technologies for production of foods with various degrees of purification containing principle whey proteins from concentrates fortified with beta-lactoglobulin and alfa-lactalbumin to the highly refined preparations of the native beta-lactoglobulin and alfa-lactalbumin received by gel-filtration, ultra-and diafiltration, various variants of ion exchanging and affine chromatography are discussed.

Results of the experiments carried out to study possibilities to enrich milk whey concentrates with macro- and microelements by addition of the supplement «Mobiluxe universal» with strawberries are given. Doses of the supplement and optimal technological parameters were established and substantiated.

The article presents one of the possible directions of using whey as a component of the formulation of the new whey drink. Application of milk whey after cultivation of kefir grains biomass is offered, that results in enriching the drink with a natural symbiosis of useful microorganisms. Organoleptic, physical-chemical quality parameters and safety of the drink were studied.

He search of thoroughgoing measures to increase the milk production efficiency at agricultural enterprises nowadays is necessary with implementation of innovative methods in milk production technology and increasing its quality at economic efficiency in the conditions of world financial crises. Now the final product cheapening is most urgent in animal breeding. One of the ways to increase Holstein cows’ productivity is fodder enrichment with protein adding like corn gluten. They have conducted a science and practice experiment with pair analogues principle in 2013-2014 at a farm of Stenkino village, JSC «Avangard», Ryazan district, Ryazan oblast. The milking herd of Holstein cows has included 380 animals. The cows of the control group have got the basic diet according to norms of VIZh (2003). The principal difference has been adding of 4 kg corn gluten in a mixed fodder per cow to the experimental Holstein cows’ diet. The results of the investigations have shown the positive influence of adding corn gluten to the Holstein cows’ diet on their milk productivity that has increased per 8.8 % and the input for producing 1 dt of milk has lowed per 4,8 %. The products quality has improved. The protein content has increased per 0,5 % and comprised 3,6 %, the fat content has increased per 0,04 % and comprised 4,0 % that allowed the price increase of 1 dt of milk per 4,7 %. Improving the product quality has allowed improving the economic indexes. The amount of the milk sold has increased per 1952 dt. As a result of quality improvement the sale price of 1 dt of milk has increased from 1490,0 up to 1560,0 rubles or per 4,7 %. The milk sales revenue has increased from 33 001 to 37 596 thousand rubles or per 14,0 %. The prime cost of the products sold has increased from 22 093 to 22 895 thousand rubles or per 3,6 %. The profit from milk sales in a case with corn gluten in a diet has been 14 701 thousand rubles that is 3793 thousand rubles more. The profitability level has increased from 49,4 to 64,2 %.

In the article the results of scientific and economic tests some new generation feed additives such as «Profilakt-B» and «LaktoSan-Sa» have been presented. These results show the effecientcy of feed-synbiotic additives use.

Problems related with training specialists for the agrarian sector in Russia are discussed.