卷 14, 编号 5 (2021)

The purpose of the study. The article deals with the problems of financing terrorist activities and the interaction of various state bodies in the field of combating terrorism. The concepts of financing terrorism, as well as the importance of preventing terrorist crimes for ensuring the security of society and the state as a whole, are analyzed. This article also discusses the issues of organizing interaction between law enforcement agencies and the Federal Service for Financial Monitoring. Federal Financial Monitoring Service studies, analyzes and makes recommendations on the detection and investigation of terrorist crimes. The author also paid attention to the types of responsibility that are provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation for terrorist crimes. The author analyzes not only the articles of criminal legislation, but also gives an assessment of administrative responsibility. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current legislation in the field of combating terrorism and the implementation of the main tasks of the Russian law enforcement system in this direction. Conclusions of the study. As a result of the study, it should be concluded that the timely prevention of the facts of terrorist financing will be an effective step towards combating terrorist crimes and strengthening the security of society and the state. The growth in the number of terrorist crimes indicates that there is an urgent need to develop effective measures to combat this category of crimes. In the course of this study, the issue of the need to develop a legislative framework regulating the operation of various public associations, commissions, associations for the prevention of terrorist crimes is considered.

The purpose of this article is to research and summarize data in the field of combating manifestations of extremism in the global network in the modern conditions of globalization and informatization of society. New forms and ways of introducing the young generation into extremist activities through the global Internet, which has become the main means of communication for extremist and terrorist organizations, are analyzed. Among the main tasks that the leaders of extremist organizations are solving through the use of social platforms is looking for new recruits. The huge resources of cyberspace, which is not limited by either time, geographic, organizational or technological boundaries, provides its users with the opportunity to communicate around the clock, from any part of the Earth, while maintaining anonymity. Using the listed opportunities, criminals can use without restrictions all the necessary tools of manipulative techniques, with the help of which the unconsciousness of the actions of the majority of those involved, their lack of understanding of their participation in extremist activities, is ensured. The younger generation is the most vulnerable part of society, in which, due to the small life experience and the perceptual acuity of the surrounding reality, there is an accumulation of negative protest potential. Extremist organizations attract highly qualified psychologists to work on social services, forums and messengers, who, as soon as possible, form a psychological portrait of a young interlocutor who has entered into communication, and then find the proper approach to him and establish possible ways of using it in the framework of extremist activities. The article analyzes the possibilities of using and the characteristic features of the destructive information and psychological impact exerted by extremist organizations on the mass consciousness of the Internet audience. The current issues of countering youth extremism in the information field, which require further study and generalization, are indicated.

Extremist activity in the modern world is developing very dynamically and the number of people who share the corresponding illegal views and ideas is constantly increasing. The social danger of this activity is largely manifested in the support of criminal approaches to the resolution of many state-significant issues, which, when massively spread, creates significant threats to the stable functioning of society. In this context, unlawful behavior associated with public calls for performance of an extremist activity is of particular importance. In the Russian Federation, this behavior is recognized as a criminal offense and responsibility for it is regulated by Art. 280 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Considering the long-term practice of applying the above mentioned criminal law norm, there is an urgent need for its improvement, taking into account the existing realities of illegal behavior of subjects of extremist activity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the institution of criminal and legal liability for public calls for performance of an extremist activity in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the legislator fairly fixes a very voluminous gravamen of the analyzed crime and defines the implementation of public calls using the media and information and telecommunication networks as a qualifying feature. Attention is focused on the need to supplement Art. 280 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with other specifies gravamen reflecting the participation of a special subject and the organization of public calls, which pose a significant danger to the development of Russian society and the state. Taking into account the specific roles of individuals in the process of public calls will make it possible to consolidate proportionate and fair punishments, depending on the characteristics of their illegal functioning.

The purpose of this study is to study the implementation of anti-terrorist policy through the powers of local self-government bodies. The objectives of the study are to analyze the powers of state authorities and local governments in the implementation of anti-terrorist policies. The study examines the provisions of federal legislation that obliges local governments to take part in the implementation of anti-terrorist policies, namely, in measures to counter extremist and terrorist activities. Local self-government bodies perform a number of functions aimed at ensuring public order and compliance with legal requirements within the municipal territory. But it should be noted that local governments should develop and implement measures that are aimed at preventing terrorism and extremism. Effective, comprehensive, preventive work allows you to minimize or eliminate the negative consequences of extremism and terrorism on the territory of the municipality. It is obvious that municipal bodies should carry out anti-terrorist and anti-extremist measures, and the role of municipalities is important in ensuring the security of the state as a whole. The issues of the spread of terrorism and extremism on the territory of the North Caucasus Federal District are still relevant at the moment, since it is the North Caucasus that has become a source of terrorism and extremism on the territory of the Russian Federation. Municipal authorities should address a number of problems that arise in this area on the ground. Since it is the local authorities who have more resources for an objective assessment of the situation in the region, which allows us to select the most effective tools for combating terrorism and extremism in the future.

Within the framework of the proposed article, the author presented the problems that hinder the activities of public authorities, dividing them into two groups: organizational and legal. Among the problems, the author points out the lack of a unified understanding of the system of extremist crimes, legislative uncertainty regarding the content of signs of extremist crimes, etc. The significance of the article can be expressed by the measures proposed by the author, which are aimed at improving the effectiveness of the activities of state authorities in countering extremism. The novelty of the article is seen in the concretization of some problems and ways to solve them. Among the problems of an organizational nature are the following: the activities of the Internal Affairs Directorate in the direction of countering extremism are not targeted; not all structural divisions have guidelines for countering extremism; the interaction of state power with other bodies is not always systemic (permanent); control over the activities of informal youth associations is carried out, not always properly. And also among the problems that complicate the activities of public authorities, we consider topical issues related to improving the organizational foundations of this activity. An important emphasis in the work of public authorities should be placed on the preventive and educational component, addressed to young people. This is not accidental. According to many authors, "extremist ideologies are characteristic of Russian youth" The material of the article is enriched with facts and structured from the point of view of the information approach, is of interest to both state authorities and representatives of legal thought, and is focused on drawing attention to the existing problems that make it difficult to counter extremism.

The purpose of this study was to study the issues of countering the spread of extremist ideology in the global information space. It should be noted that it is in the global information space today that an unusually large amount of information resource of extremist content is created, transmitted and stored, which can cause irreparable damage to state and public security. Here, extremist groups do not hesitate to plant their ideology and recruit new members into their ranks. And what is remarkable, this fact does not cause much rejection among users of the global space. The objectives of the research are to analyze the reasons that favor the spread of this phenomenon. The accessibility and anonymity of the global information space played into the hands of both adherents of extremist movements and consumers of the broadcasted extremist content. The essence of this phenomenon lies in its multidimensionality, which is expressed in the formation of a person's readiness to accept extremist political, social or religious ideals for their further promotion by violent methods. As a result, we are witnessing a steady growth of both extremist content in the global space and the number of consumers of this material. Thus, extremism has become one of the most acute problems of the modern state. Conclusions: we have established that the global information space, being the main channel for the imposition of extremist ideas, acts as a translator of radical ideologies calling for aggressive forms of behavior, communication and confrontation, while justifying the crimes and terrorist attacks committed, positioning them as the only effective ones in the emerging circumstances. To counteract this phenomenon, it is necessary to search for measures and measures that ensure a balance between the free flow of information and the protection of state and public order, since the uncontrolled functioning of the global space and the development of information communication technologies have led to the intensification of illegal actions by extremist groups that pose a serious threat to the safety of people and state.

The service of district police officers (hereinafter referred to as the DPO) is a structural unit of the internal affairs agencies that plays an important role in the implementation of the function of combating crime at both its levels: suppression and prevention (prevention). The author analyzed the legal framework governing the activities of the DPO to counter crime. Prevention is the very instrument, the lever of influence, which is able to prevent the commission of illegal acts by citizens (offenses, crimes), to minimize the level of crime. The importance of the role of the DPO in countering crimes is emphasized by many authors [1, 2, 3, 4]. It is the DPO that is the primary link in the crime prevention system, the quality of whose activities largely determines the degree of life safety of people living in the administrative area entrusted to it. UUP monitors the operational, criminogenic situation in the administrative area entrusted to him and has a direct impact on its change. The purpose of writing a research paper is to consider the preventive activities carried out by district police officers, in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated March 29, 2019 No. 205 "On serving by district police officers in a serviced administrative area and organizing this activity", as well as the powers of the DPO service to suppress crimes. The author comes to the conclusion about the important role of the DPO in combating crime, through the implementation of preventive measures for the commission of crimes. The attention is focused on such a form of administrative activity of the police as administrative supervision, which is carried out by the DPO service. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework governing the activities of the DPO service, it is noted that the completeness of its legal regulation, the positive result of changes in the legal regime for the implementation of the procedure for performing service by the named unit, the release and unloading of the DPO by prohibiting the imposition of duties on the latter that are not directly related to the fulfillment of those assigned to them tasks, and the introduction of electronic document management, which makes it possible for DPO to more effectively carry out tasks for the prevention of crimes

The purpose of this study was to study the problems of forming the professional competence of pedagogical personnel for physical training in the system of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The large-scale transformations that took place in departmental education and personnel policy put forward transformational processes in the socio-political environment, which determined the need to develop the professional competence of pedagogical personnel in physical training, which will subsequently lead to the improvement of the content, forms and methods of training employees for the department. Consequently, the relevance of this issue and the need to solve it is growing every day, which is due to the content of the Orders of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia regarding the organization, planning and implementation of the educational process. The objectives of the study are to investigate the factors that complicate the process of developing the professional competence of pedagogical personnel in physical training. In this study, we considered the lack of opportunity for educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to prepare instructor-pedagogical personnel for physical training. Therefore, this circumstance is the first reason for the inability to form professional competence. Hence, other problems are already growing with a snowball, when the principle of sports is based on the recruitment of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with teachers of the required qualifications. Conclusions: the goals and objectives of the discipline "Physical training" determine the need to increase the professional competence of pedagogical personnel. Effective physical training in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is significantly influenced by the level of professional competence of pedagogical personnel implementing this discipline. Moreover, in accordance with the direction of the personnel policy of the department, the formation of professional competence should be carried out in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on the basis of the current Federal State educational standards for higher education.

The purpose of this study was to study the issues of forming the preparedness of police officers for the forceful arrest of an offender. The conceptual characteristics of the use of physical force, the suppression of offenses and public order are considered and defined. The objectives of the study are to analyze the components of the readiness of police officers for the forceful arrest of antisocial elements and modern requirements for the level of preparedness of law enforcement officials. It has been established that this problem acquires special significance in the light of the transforming crime and crime, which, having in its arsenal almost all modern technical means, does not hesitate to use cold weapons and firearms in confrontation with employees. In the light of the foregoing, it is necessary to constantly increase the requirements on the part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for the physical training of police officers, in particular, for the formation of their readiness for the forceful arrest of an offender. Conclusions: the process of physical training is focused on the formation of police officers' readiness for forceful detention and the effectiveness of the use of service and applied skills. The main content of the readiness of a police officer for forceful arrest is mastering the most rational system of movements. The educational and training process in this case provides an increase in the level of technical readiness of police officers by mastering and improving the system of movement’s characteristic of the chosen type of single combat. In order to ensure legality, when applying measures of physical influence, the degree of danger to the life and health of persons in respect of whom these measures are applied should be taken into account.

Historically, the emergence of crime is correlated by most scholars and researchers with the period of the emergence of private property, the collapse of the primitive communal system and the appearance in this regard of the first echoes of socio-economic contradictions. According to the author, the organic and consistent development of social relations, achievements in the field of science and technology, which leave a certain imprint on society as a whole, could not but affect the state of such a negative social phenomenon as crime. In confirmation, the author provides comparative data on the state of crime and crimes committed in different historical periods. The purpose of this study is to determine the state of crime, crimes committed in the field of information and telecommunication technologies and the development of measures that can resist crime at the present stage in the context of globalization. The modern stage of development of society is characterized by the rapid development of artificial intelligence, discoveries in the field of medicine, space, military industry, scientific and technological progress in general, and many others. others, against the background of which, according to the author, there are qualitative and quantitative changes in crime and crimes committed. The author comes to the conclusion that over time, crime tends to change, methods, motives of the crimes committed undergo significant changes. In the light of the development and assimilation of IP technologies by mankind, the number of crimes in the field of high technologies has increased significantly and continues to grow steadily. There are many reasons for this. The increase in the number of cybercrimes, in the author's opinion, is largely due to the processes of globalization. The search for solutions to this problem is urgent. In the presented article, the author attempts to analyze the state of crime and some types of crimes committed using information and telecommunication technologies.

The problem raised by the author in the Russian Federation becomes more urgent every year. Illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, potent and psychotropic substances, their analogues, carried out on the Internet, currently, is one of the main problems of our state, for the solution of which domestic law enforcement agencies are responsible. The article examines a typical scheme for the sale of drugs via the Internet, reflects the measures that need to be taken to effectively counter this evil. The author proposes an algorithm for the actions of law enforcement officers for the successful identification and investigation of criminal cases in this area, as well as for raising the level of effectiveness of the fight against illicit traffic in narcotic drugs in the global Internet. This article also reflects such aspects that indicate the replacement of traditional narcotic drugs, namely those included in the cannabinoid groups, with updated psychotropic substances included in the synthetic groups used in smoking mixtures that are distributed through the global Internet, which makes it difficult for the operational units of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. Further, if we consider the algorithm of actions that the author of this article proposes to identify and suppress illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, potent and psychotropic substances, their analogues, carried out on the Internet, then operational subdivisions need to expeditiously conduct operational-search measures, with the aim of again the same prompt provision to the bodies of preliminary investigation of the results of operational-investigative activities, so that the bodies of preliminary investigation as soon as possible take measures and resolve the issue of bringing suspects to justice in accordance with the criminal law. Naturally, if the preliminary investigation bodies have a criminal case in production, then the provision of results in the shortest possible time of the operational-search activity, speeds up the process of bringing the criminal to criminal responsibility, and also facilitates the conduct of operational-investigative actions, which are also important and of great importance for investigation of a criminal case and bring the suspect to punishment under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The active development of information technologies in the 21st century contributed not only to the high rates of development of various industries, but also to the emergence of new types of crime. Since criminals follow trends and apply new technologies in their activities. Terrorism was no exception, which in the information society has transformed into a new form - computer terrorism, or as specialists call it “cyber terrorism”. Among the global problems of mankind, a new threat has appeared, which is of a large-scale nature. Cyberterrorism has a number of features in comparison with the traditional form of terrorism: high latency, lack of geographic boundaries, high rates of spread. The presence of such features leads to difficulties in solving crimes of this type. The relevance of the topic is explained by the fact that cyber terrorism is a direct threat to the national security of the state, the fight against cyber terrorism should be carried out by the entire world community. It is necessary to develop modern and effective tools to combat cyber terrorism. The purpose of this article is to analyze tools for combating cyber terrorism and develop recommendations for improving policy in the fight against cyber terrorism.

The article is devoted to the issues and problems of high-quality forensic support in the process of detection, investigation, disclosure and prevention of crimes, as well as the development of scientific concepts of the activities of these departments. In terms of the activities of forensic units, it should be noted that they are based on the results of scientific research and development, which provides investigators, judges and criminologists with scientifically-based means, methods and techniques for detecting, investigating, disclosing and preventing crimes. In the structure of improving the scientific support for the activities of forensic units, it is necessary to highlight among the key components the knowledge and skills based on them and the skills of the employees of these units to use scientific forensic recommendations in practical activities, to effectively apply forensic methods, methods and means of detecting, investigating, disclosing and preventing crimes. The purpose of this theoretical work is to find methods and ways to improve the scientific support of the activities of forensic units at the present stage. Forensic units need to constantly improve the scientific base and develop new scientific methods for implementing their activities. Since it is the use of scientific methods that is the basis for obtaining the most reliable and accurate forensic examination, on which the result of investigative actions largely depends. For all participants in investigative actions, it is necessary to have the most reliable and scientific information on the results of the forensic examination. The rapid development of science greatly determines the level of requirements for the results of forensic examination, since the investigation of new types of crimes is impossible without the use of the achievements of modern science.

The article considers the problem of formulating the concept of "special means of internal affairs agencies" and conducts a study of the system of its distinctive features. A number of well-known definitions of this term are analyzed, their content is revealed. Special emphasis is paid to the problem of forming the definition of "special technique". It is indicated that the absence in theory and practice of a unified understanding of the term "special means" has a negative effect both in educational activities when having the topic "Special means and personal body armor" and in the law enforcement activities of employees of the internal affairs agencies of the Russian Federation when they perform operational and service and service and combat missions. The author comes to the conclusion that the employees of the internal affairs agencies have at their disposal a wide range of special means, with the help of which they perform the assigned tasks. However, the current legislation regulating the use of special means by employees of the internal affairs agencies should be improved and updated taking into account the needs of society and the state. After all, competent and timely actions of police officers when they use special means can provide decent protection of public order and ensure public safety.

The article examines the problems associated with the constant increase in the number of various types of property crimes in our country. Crimes of this type have always occupied a significant place in the structure of crimes committed. If we take into account the fact that a fairly significant number of crimes for one reason or another are not registered (the so-called latent crime), then we can say that this can eventually acquire a frightening character and lead to dire social consequences in our society. The purpose of the work was to study a number of features of the criminological characteristics of crimes against property on the example of Article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as a factor that has an extremely destructive effect on the development of a number of social and socio - political relations in modern Russian society. The authors of the article argue that the relevance and significance of the research topic is determined not only by the level of social danger of crimes in this category, but also by the constant growth in recent years of various types of new fraudulent actions among other types of crimes. When conducting an analytical study, the authors used various official legal sources in their work, as well as manuals and works on the study of the elements of crimes against property, both in criminology and in criminal law. The article presents an analysis of statistical data reflecting the current state of crime in the Russian Federation. In addition, the authors give a specific example in the work, which speaks of the need for a thorough, comprehensive study of the personality of the offender when carrying out the criminological characteristics of the crime. Conclusions of the study. Based on the analysis carried out, the authors conclude that when investigating crimes of a property nature, employees of the preliminary investigation bodies should constantly improve their tactical and methodological techniques in order to successfully solve crimes and bring the perpetrators to criminal responsibility.

The author in the article examines the use of the agents staff in operative investigative activity, as one of the most effective foundations for solving crimes and improving the methods of combating crime. The article analyzes the regulatory and legal framework governing the foundations of the formation of the principles of the agent apparatus and the conditions of its forming, as well as scientific publications and literature in the field of agents assets in the operative investigative activity. The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the agents staff in operative investigative activity, as a factor contributing to crime solving and effective cooperation with private citizens through the means of covert methods of investigation. An analysis of the tactics of forming the agents staff allows us to conclude that a thorough assessment of the personality of the assistant is necessary to determine his psychological and specific characteristics and motives for cooperation. The study of motives prompting a person to cooperate makes it possible to assess personal qualities and readiness to find out information. At the same time, the author identifies five types of psychological characteristics of motives, each of which includes a certain group of people. Also, analyzing the effectiveness of the use of the agent apparatus in the law enforcement intelligence operations, the author comes to the conclusion about the need for psychological preparedness of persons assisting operational units. The agents staff acts as the basis for law enforcement intelligence operations, as it contributes to the formation of interaction between individuals and law enforcement agencies on the basis of legislative consolidation. The author draws a conclusion about the importance of using the agents staff in law enforcement intelligence operations, as a factor contributing to the disclosure of crimes and the improvement of measures to combat crime.

This article discusses some issues of providing legal protection for persons who provide covert assistance to bodies engaged in operational search activities. The problems of the society's attitude to the very fact of cooperation between citizens and law enforcement agencies of the state are touched upon, including taking into account such categories as morality, rights and freedoms of the individual, which are somehow affected by operational search activities; the role of the agent method at various stages of the development of human society is traced. The article argues for the importance and indispensability of the agent component of operational-investigative activities in solving most of the tasks facing it in combating various manifestations of criminal activity, and emphasizes the moral difference between the work of confidants who assist in the detection and suppression of criminal crimes and the activities of the agents of political investigation. The paper also identifies some shortcomings and gaps in the implementation of guarantees of legal and social protection of confidential persons, which arise due to the fact that the legal status of this category of persons is not fully defined at the legislative level. It is proposed to discuss the possibility of making changes to the legislation, for example, to include confidants in the list of person’s subject to state protection measures in accordance with Federal Law No. 119-FZ of 20.08.2004 "On State Protection of Victims, Witnesses and other participants in Criminal Proceedings".

Purpose of the researching. In the article was implemented the attempt of analyzing of the methodological foundations of the study of state-juridical institutions, in particular, of the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation (Rosgvardia) in the format of the subject of theory and history of law and state. Attention is paid to philosophical, general scientific and private (special) scientific methods. As its approbation to the subject of the article carried out comparative-juridical analysis of the Rosgvardia and the National Guard of the United States of America (US NG). Conclusions. As a result of the analysis it was possible to recognize the heuristic hypothesis of the study that priority in the scientific study of the Rosgvardia as a state-juridical institution are such problem-oriented methods of cognition of state-juridical reality as philosophical (dialectical-materialistic, etc.), general scientific (ascent from the general to the particular, deduction and induction, systemic), private (special) scientific (historical-juridical, comparative /juxtaposition-juridical/, juridical-technical) methods.

In recent years, an intensification of external and internal migration flows has been observed in all countries of the world. Migration processes associated with the forced change of the place of residence of people for a long time have an impact on social processes within each state. Migration processes affect the political, social, economic situation in the country, the demographic situation, as well as national security, and against the background of the development of globalization processes, information and communication technologies, the expansion of transnational crime, terrorist threats, the problem of managing migration processes becomes relevant. This problem is especially acute in European states in connection with a series of military conflicts in the Middle East, which led to a huge flow of migrants fleeing to peaceful European countries. The existing imbalance in the management of migration processes, which should provide for the presence of a necessary and at the same time sufficient contingent of visiting citizens on the territory of a particular metropolis, entails along with economic, social, demographic and criminal consequences. In the article, the authors made an attempt to consider the essence and distinctive features of migration processes in the countries of Asia and the former USSR.

The co-authors highlighted issues related to modern scientific aspects of the administrative and legal status of an employee of an internal affairs body based on materials from Mongolia and the Russian Federation, touched upon the problems of comparative legal analysis in order to improve the administrative and legal status of an employee of internal affairs bodies. The essence and issues of the implementation of the legal status of an employee of the internal affairs bodies, which is in the center of attention of both scientists (first of all, administrators), legislators, civil society, and the employees themselves, due to its relevance, are considered.

This article examines the problems of improving the mechanism of legal regulation of certain aspects of the activities of military administration bodies on legal informing of military personnel and their families, civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, military pensioners. The purpose of the work was to identify problems in the organization and legal regulation in that part of the military-political work, which is the activity on legal informing of military personnel, members of their families, civilian personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, military pensioners.

The article analyzes the novelties of Russian legislation related to the trust management of inherited property - the requirement to conduct an independent assessment of a part of the property transferred to the trust management before the conclusion of the relevant contract; the provision that the executor is considered to be the trustee of the inherited property from the moment of his consent to be the executor of the will; the non-appointment of the beneficiary under the contract of trust management of the inherited property; about the possibility of appointing a potential heir as a trustee; about restrictions on the rights of the executor to make transactions with the inherited property transferred to him for management, etc. As a result of consideration of these and other innovations related to the trust management of hereditary property, the article concludes that it is advisable to adopt many of them. Nevertheless, some norms need to be clarified.

This article presents a study on a topical and highly controversial topic of criminal law protection of modern biosafety of the Russian Federation. The paper presents a qualitative study of the relatively new term for the domestic legal order, "biological safety" in the context of its criminal law protection. Purpose of the study: to analyze the modern criminal law opposition to the use of pathogenic, bioactive agents that are different in nature and are used purely for criminal purposes. Methodology and methods: the article uses both general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and the method of interpreting legal norms, which make it possible to better comprehend the institutions of criminal law and determine the main directions of their development. Conclusions: based on the systematization of normative and doctrinal sources in the designated area, the author highlights the most relevant manifestations of biological security threats, offers tools for effectively countering socially dangerous acts committed using pathogenic biological agents. In order to more effectively ensure the biosafety of the state, society and the individual, the author proposes the adoption of a special Federal Law designed to eliminate gaps in Russian legislation.

The article deals with topical issues and features of the application of criminal liability for crimes provided for in Articles 201-203 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the light of recent trends that have led to changes in the judicial practice of applying criminal liability under these articles in connection with the adoption of a new Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 21 on June 29, 2021. The author defines the prerequisites that led to the need to systematize and change the law enforcement practice according to these articles in a new way in order to establish patterns. Within the framework of the work, attention is paid, among other things, to the controversial issues that arise in the doctrine when qualifying under Articles 201-203 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in order to form a unified approach that corresponds to the changes that have occurred in judicial practice. As a result of the above research and to achieve this goal, the author formulates a number of conclusions and proposals aimed at improving the legislation and practice of applying the norms on responsibility for crimes against the interests of the service in commercial and other organizations (Articles 201-203 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

Currently, all spheres of life of the state, society and man are directly related to the processes of digitalization and informatization. In the article, the author examines the main advantages of the Internet, which are used by terrorist and extremist organizations for their illegal purposes, focuses on the activities of state authorities in combating the financing of terrorism carried out through cyberspace, points out the need to create new and improve existing ways to identify, suppress and disclosure of crimes mediated by the peculiarities of the global virtual space. In conclusion, a list of certain difficulties associated with the identification of persons committing illegal acts of a terrorist nature is formed, and at the same time it is noted that countering the use of the Internet for terrorist and extremist purposes should be carried out through interdepartmental interaction of all interested parties.

The article offers a definition of destructive organizations of antisocial orientation, reflects their classification. Special attention is paid to the prevention and counteraction of such activities with the help of criminological, psychological and pedagogical measures. The transformation of destructive cults and sects in modern conditions is shown. The characteristic features of the leader, ideologist, participant of a non-profit organization that encroaches on the personality and rights of citizens are highlighted. Such persons most often commit crimes against the person, property, sexual inviolability (sexual freedom), public safety, public health, moral principles, State power and the order of administration. The purpose of the study was to reflect the social danger of creating (participating) in the activities of destructive associations of an antisocial orientation. The methods of psychological influence and manipulation of personality in the groups (organizations) under consideration are listed. A set of measures for the prevention and suppression of crimes provided for in Article 239 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and other related criminal law norms is proposed.

The article identifies gaps and topical problems of law enforcement of Art. 110.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author concludes that the adoption of this norm was timely and made a significant contribution to law enforcement practice by eliminating an important gap associated with the absence of grounds for responsibility for inducement to suicide and facilitating suicide, as well as by regulating new types of socially dangerous behavior. As a result of the study, the author identified the remaining unresolved gaps in law enforcement and proposed ways to solve them. Purpose of the study: to conduct a criminal analysis of the norms of Art. 110.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in order to eliminate the existing gaps. Methodology and methods: the article uses both general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and the method of interpreting legal norms, which make it possible to better comprehend the institutions of criminal law and determine the main directions of their development. Conclusions: based on the study of normative and doctrinal sources, the author comes to the conclusion that in relation to the definition of the subjective side of the crime under study, there is an ambiguous approach to the interpretation of the signs of corpus delicti, which give rise to the presence of problems of law enforcement. The author has systematized and presented a critical analysis.

Digital technologies have long been used in various spheres of life of Russian society and the state. In recent years, the practice of using some of them has also affected criminal proceedings. The experience of digital transformations in criminal proceedings is currently very small compared to other types of legal proceedings, but their use has shown positive results. Criminal proceedings have significant specificity, and therefore require especially close attention to the issues of ensuring the rights of its participants. These rights are relevant both in the context of access to justice in general, and in the framework of various procedural actions carried out using the above technologies. The effectiveness of digitalization of criminal justice should not become a reason for the creation of threats of human rights violations. The purpose of writing a research paper is to analyze the existing problems of ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of an individual in the course of criminal proceedings in the context of the development of digital technologies in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that there are a number of problems associated with the use of certain security digital technologies in the Russian criminal process. Attention is focused on the fact that the existing problems of ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of the individual in the course of criminal proceedings in the context of the development of digital technologies do not indicate the need to stop digital transformations, but, on the contrary, require constant research and detailed technical, informational, legal development of the most effective mechanisms for their further introduction into large-scale practice.

The article provides a classification of interim court decisions on the basis of the established concept of paragraph 53.3 of Art. 5 of the Criminal Procedure Code (hereinafter referred to as the CPC) of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF) on the basis of the relationship of such decisions with the final court decision and the fulfillment of the purpose of criminal proceedings. The interrelation of such decisions lies in the reflection of the conclusions of the interim decisions in the final decision and the ability to influence these conclusions on the adoption of a legal, reasonable and fair final court decision. This differentiation makes it possible to identify individual groups of decisions that have distinctive characteristics: the subject of the decision, the time of the decision, the grounds for the decision, legal regulation and other features. It is proposed to bring such solutions into separate independent groups of solutions.

The article presents the peculiarities of the work of the prosecutor's office in 2020, provides separate data on official statistics, on the basis of the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation" the directions of prosecutor's supervision are identified, a single legal status for various subjects of prosecutor's work, and some factors are identified that create uniform conditions for determining the effectiveness of the prosecutor's office. Considerable attention is paid to the consideration of studies by scientists and practitioners, which formulate reasoned proposals on how to determine the quality of the work of the prosecutor's office, with the identification of criteria that are a component of the "scale" that allows comparing, highlighting the most voluminous, complex and high-quality work of the prosecutor (body). An attempt has been made to analyse proposals on indicators for assessing the activities of prosecutors, the author has developed proposals that allow a new assessment of certain areas of activity of prosecutor's offices.

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of laws and by-laws regulating the prosecutor's supervision implementation over the implementation of laws on the protection and implementation of the rights and legitimate orphans and children left without parental interest’s care in Russia and Kazakhstan, the prosecutor's office powers to carry out this supervision. The legislative consolidation features of the prosecutor's employee’s powers in the field under consideration and the regulatory factors affecting the prosecutor's supervision implementation are revealed. The problems in legal regulation are formulated, their solution ways are proposed and the main directions of improving prosecutor's supervision in the studied area are revealed.

The article analyzes the issues related to the need to pay serious attention to the study and analysis of judicial methods of researching evidence when considering criminal cases. In the forensic science of practice, the opinion has been established that the methodology is a systematic grounded and positively approved practice legal means that optimize the process of detecting and investigating crimes. At the same time, the actual existence of a methodology for the forensic investigation of evidence is obvious as a system of procedural and other actions performed during the trial, not only by the parties, but also by the court, grouped into certain complexes according to the individual investigated circumstances of the case in order to verify the validity of the conclusions of the preliminary investigation body about their evidence. This reveals the similarity of the considered methods, based on coinciding principles, and, first of all, on the principle, of conditionality by subject of proof. Hoverer. Other principles are characterized by different content, which is due to a number of factors - the use one or the other methodology at different stages of criminal proceedings, different legal conditions and subjects of use, and others. An analysis of the content and specifics of the judicial methodology for researching evidence gives grounds for concluding that it is advisable to conduct a deeper study in order to solve the problems of improving the quality of preliminary investigation, prosecutorial supervision in pre-trial proceedings and maintaining public prosecution in order to eliminate shortcomings it the activities of criminal prosecution bodies.

Aim of the article: to conduct a legal analysis of a differentiated approach to the content and volume of special forensic medical knowledge in the competence of various subjects of legal proceedings for their effective implementation of the norms of criminal procedure and other legislation, as well as of the educational context, within which preparation for professional activities requiring a certain the scope of the relevant competencies is conducted. Conclusions. The article deals with the requirements for the competence in the field of forensic medicine of various subjects of legal proceedings. Expert consciousness (as an integral system of expert thinking, expert knowledge, expert intuition, etc.) is attributed to the special competence of medical persons professionally knowledgeable in the field of forensic medicine. The lawyers participating in the proceedings are assigned an integrating and coordinating role, which requires general competence in forensic medicine, in particular, awareness of the modern possibilities of forensic medical examination and other forms of procedural and non-procedural application of forensic medical knowledge. The specified differentiated approach to the scope of competences of various subjects of the legal process does not imply any consolidation, interchangeability, but directly stipulates the need for goal-setting cooperation within the framework of a strict separation of the procedural roles assigned to these subjects, the integrity of the system of expert consciousness with the separation from it of the minimum necessary elements of forensic medicine knowledge sufficient to implement the procedural role of the investigator and other procedural ones. The consequences of the gaps are predictably negative in the education of lawyers, in particular, investigators, prosecutors, advocates and judges, caused by the absence of the discipline “Forensic medicine” in the basic (compulsory) part of the federal state standard of higher professional education in the field of “Jurisprudence”. The formation of an effective model of cooperation seems to be of current interest between subjects of legal proceedings with considering the establishment of differentiated requirements for the volume and content of forensic medical competencies. The complex structure of forensic competences, qualification requirements for forensic medical experts, the peculiarities of the education of medical specialists - should be taken into account by the subjects of the investigation, the court when involving forensic experts and other doctors to participate in the proceedings. It is necessary to change the wording of Art. 178 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation: «with the participation of a forensic medical expert, and if one’s participation is impossible, - for a doctor» to the wording: «with the participation of a forensic medical expert, and if his participation is impossible, - for another doctor».

The purpose of this research paper is to study the problem of conflict of jurisdictions between the WTO Dispute Settlement Body and regional integration systems. Based on the study of the existing international legal framework on the issue of determining jurisdiction over trade disputes, the author analyzes the position of the WTO regarding their jurisdiction in the presence of a conflict of jurisdictions. The main legal prerequisites for their resolution in alternative quasi-judicial bodies created within the framework of trading systems in the CIS region are highlighted. The classification of the main models of the intersection of jurisdictions is carried out. Results. As a result of studying the practice of resolving disputes within the framework of the global trading system, the author comes to the conclusion that there is no universal approach to the definition of jurisdiction in it. In this regard, the author proposes the use of the universal legal principle lis alibi pendens, according to which the simultaneous consideration of the dispute in several instances is excluded, except for cases when the initial court refused to accept it. In addition, conclusions are formulated on the advisability of a constructive dialogue between the WTO member states on the issue of the distribution of jurisdiction between the RTS and the WTO and on the operation of the dispute settlement mechanism between the RTS and the WTO.

The purpose of the research. The article is a review of the monograph by I.R. Begishev «Criminal law regulation of robotics», which examines the criminal law and criminological aspects of the use of robots for criminal purposes. Results. The monograph reflects the results of a comprehensive theoretical and applied analysis of the main modern doctrines on the regulation of robotics; the author's model of criminal law regulation of robotics is formulated and measures aimed at minimizing criminological risks associated with the creation and use of robots are proposed.