Vol XV, No 1 (1908)

The first studies on the innervation of swallowing movements apparently belong to the first half of the last century. At this time, a significant number of works appeared, outlining studies on the effect of irritations and transections of cranial and other nerves on various organs; Some of these works also concern the swallowing apparatus. Of the most detailed works in this direction, two were available to us, namely Reid's and Volkmann's

(Second trial lecture given at a meeting of the Faculty of Medicine (17.XII.07), for the competition of a private docent).

'The individuality of the case' says Virchow, 'should determine the method of dissection'. But, he continues, the rule cannot be sacrificed to various evasions, and the opener can afford to change the usual cuts in some way only when it is fully justified. These provisions are of great importance, both for the whole doctrine of the opening of the organs of the body in general, and for the section of the brain in particular. On the one hand, it is extremely important to have strictly worked out methods that would make it possible to examine organs in perfect order with the least danger of spoiling or destroying any interesting preparation. On the other hand, precisely for the sake of the greatest demonstrativeness, it is sometimes necessary to impose cuts in the wrong directions in which this is usually done.

In view of the relative rarity of tetanus in our area, I find it possible to share with my comrades information about 3 cases of tetanus observed by me in Kazan during the period from 1896 to 1907.

By chance, during the study of the spinal ganglia, the authors discovered in the neighborhood of the subganglionic part of the spinal nerves, (near the corresponding spinal ganglia), small sympathetic ganglia, inaccessible to the naked eye and visible only in microscopic sections. Some technical precautions are necessary to find these knots. Usually these nodules are located outward and downward from the corresponding spinal ganglia and never above them or in the intraarachnoid part of the spinal roots.

The author reports the results of experiments carried out on animals (dogs) at the Physiological Institute of the Royal Higher Veterinary School in Berlin. Even earlier, he had the opportunity to carry out work of a similar kind on the stimulation of the cerebellum and analyze the phenomena observed in this case. Both from previous experiments and from the present, he formed a certain conviction that in the cerebellum there are absolutely no centers for the movement of the eyes and muscles of the face, as Ferrier claims. All those who worked on the subject and in this area, except for Munk, like Renzi, Lewandowsky, Pruse, and especially Ferrier, found that when different parts of the cerebellum were stimulated in different animals, different movements of the eyes, and sometimes also of other parts of the body, such as ears, were obtained. , wings of the nose. From the side of the eyes, nystagmus, eye rotation, pupil dilation, exophthalmus were observed. The experiments were carried out by the author with a wide opening of the posterior part of the cranium in order to make the entire surface of the cerebellum accessible as far as possible.

The essence of the method with which the authors worked is the phenomenon of complement fixation, in other terminology, complement deviation.

At the beginning of the work, we find general considerations from the field of the doctrine of immunity. As we know, a living organism is capable of reacting to substances of cellular origin (antigens) entering it from the outside by producing known principles—antibodies.

The author enriches the casuistic material of this recently advanced form of Sclerosis disseminata with two cases observed in women.

The author cites a very thoroughly examined case of hemiplegia, which at first glance represents all the signs characteristic of hysterical paralysis, and, nevertheless, in his opinion, turned out to be cerebral, focal hemiplegia.

Without a doubt, the most favored site of apoplexy is in the region of the arteriae fassae Sylvii. The branches of this particular artery are most often torn, especially those extending at a right angle from the arteria cerebri media and going through the lenticular body, the internal capsule to the nucleus caudatus and thalamus opticus.

The case described by the author is all the more important because the question of the possibility of sets. sclerosis in childhood cannot be considered definitively clarified. Under the supervision of the author was an 8-year-old patient with symptoms typical of this disease: for example, it was possible to state intentional trembling, spastic-atactic gait, chanted speech and nystagmus, in addition, there was a weakening of mental abilities and an increase in tendon reflexes.

On the theoretical side, the author gives a detailed critical review of the views that interpret the essence of Graves' disease. So, he considers and consistently rejects, in view of significant shortcomings, theories; hematogenous, assuming the essence of suffering in "abnormal mixing of blood by analogy with chloranemic mixing" - neurogenic, sympathetic and bulbar, as leading to obvious contradictions or not giving undoubted results - and the theory of neuroses, as "not containing the whole truth" and leaving unknown pathogenic agent that acted on the nervous system in this direction.

The patient's medical history. On June 10, 1907, the patient was admitted to the surgical clinic. Roentgen's examination revealed destructive changes in the back of the Turkish saddle. Surgery was applied. The operation was performed through the nasal passages. A carcinoma of the hypophysis was found. After the operation, the general condition of the patient began to noticeably change.

The author proposes a special device invented by him, adapted for experimental-scientific and clinical studies of the pupillary reaction and the state of the pupils, which makes it possible to assess changes in the pupil with greater objectivity and accuracy and even express them by a number, a measure.

Unilateral multiple cranial nerve palsies are not common. And especially rare are those cases where, along with multiple lesions of the cranial nerves, the oculomotor nerves remain spared. A similar case was observed by the authors. It is a case of a 27-year-old woman who, during enteritis, suffered paralysis of all branches of the left facial nerve, masticatory branch of n. trigemini, hypoglossi, olfactorii, 1st branch of n. trigemini and glossopharyngei.

In a report given on October 28, 1907 in the Medical Psychological Society, the authors point to the reports of Toulouse and Pelz, contradicting the classical position about the incompatibility of progressive paralysis with neuroses and describing the development of this form in epileptics, from which the authors conclude that meningo-encephalitis , developing extremely slowly, can first turn into epilepsy, and then into a paralytic symptom complex.

Fibrolysin is a double compound of thiosinamine and salicylic sodium, easily soluble in water. The field of application of fibrolysin is diseases accompanied by the development of fibrous, interstitial tissue.

Monograph prof. Shcherbak has in mind mainly to elucidate the role of trichocepbali as a pathogenic agent in certain nervous diseases.

On February 3, the grand opening of the new scientific and higher educational institution of the Psycho-Neurological Institute took place. Opening the meeting, the president of the institute, prof. V. M. Bekhterev handed over the chairmanship to M. M. Kovalevsky and delivered a speech about the tasks of the institute. The initial assumptions about the establishment of the institute arose in 1893; after that, a large donation from the Alafuzov family was received, which made it possible to move on to the practical implementation of these assumptions.

The Board of the Society of Russian Doctors in memory of N. I. Pirogov asks you to print the attached application with the draft charter of the permanent court of honor at the Pirogov Society.

The 10th Pirogov Congress of Doctors instructed the Board to "elect a commission, in which to include also comrades at will, to develop the issue of courts of honor and submit the draft for approval by the 11th Pirogov Congress."

Debate on the report of Dr. A. V. Favorsky: on the issue of lumbar puncture in nervous diseases.

Prof. V. P. Osipov demonstrated the Kroenig device, which he used in Munk's laboratory, while working on a lumbar puncture; With the help of a simple device, the researcher can several times during the puncture examine the pressure of the fluid and thereby obtain important and comparatively accurate data on pressure, which the speaker could not obtain.

Today's meeting of the Psychiatric Society, in accordance with the decision of its Council, we dedicated to the memory of Academician IP Merzheevsky, who died on March 5 in Paris from a cerebral hemorrhage. Under the fresh impression of such a sad event, it is difficult to appreciate the full significance of the heavy loss that we experience along with the death of I.P. But it can be said with certainty that Russian psychiatry, in the person of I.P. The vast majority of Petersburg psychiatrists and psychiatrists in other cities, the society of psychiatrists in St. Petersburg lost in the person of I.P. lost in the face of I.P. the most handsome psychiatrist, who enjoyed great fame and the general love of his patients.