Vol 10, No 2 (2010)

Naturally occurring regulatory CD4 +CD25 + T cells (Treg cells) play a crucial role in the maintenance of normal immunohomeostasis.T reg cells suppress the activity of effector T cells thus taking part in the prevention of the development of autoimmune processes, whereas the inhibition of Treg cells activity can lead to the manifestation of severe or even fatal autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. It has been shown that CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells play an important role in the suppression of graft-versus-host reaction, in the prevention of the development of allergic disorders and in the suppression of immune response to opportunistic pathogens. In patients with malignant neoplasms T reg cells inhibit the productive immune response against tumor.

Streptococcal diseases are important human pathogens requiring search for new approaches for treatment and prophylactics. Recombinant streptococcal vaccine based on the mixture of the immunogenic surface expressed proteins had been developed. It was shown that the vaccine as mixture of three peptides Вас, ScaAB and ScpB is immunogenic and provides protection against streptococci. Recently it was suggested to add the forth component - adherence protein SspBI. In this case vaccine protects not only against group В streptococcus but group A streptococcus and pneumococci. In parallel the approach based on usage of lactic acid bacteria - probiotics antagonistic to streptococci was evaluated. The probiotic strains able to eliminate pathogenic bacteria from the organism of laboratory animals were selected.

Ropren is 95% concentrate of polyprenols, it is produced from needles of pine and fir trees, it is recommended as a hepatoprotective drug of plant origin. The aim of the paper was to assess hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects of ropren in a model of subacute hepatosis induced by in CCI 4 rats. A subacute hepatosis (dystrophy of the liver) was modeled in rats by means of 2-fold i.p. administration of CCI 4 (2 injections of 1 g/kg with the interval of 3 days). Ropren (2.15-4.3- 11.6 mg/kg) was injected i.p. within 2 weeks. After course of ropren administration, the behavior of rats, biochemical indexes of the blood, morphology of the liver and turnover of monoamines in the brain were studied. The drug of comparison was heptral, or ademethionine (300 mg/kg). Administration of hepatotropic poison CCI 4 led to 50% letality of rats. The significant shifts of behavior in open field, elevated plus maze, intruder-resident and Porsolt's tests were registered in survived rats. In the serum blood of rats decapitated on 16th day, the signs of damage of the liver, pancreatic gland and kidney were observed. The histological study revealed the experimental hepatosis (dystrophy of the liver) which was characterized with gialin-dropped protein dystrophy, little-dropped fat dystrophy and slight lymphocyte infiltration of portal ways. There were not changes in turnover of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin in the n.accumbens, striatum and frontal cortex of the brain after administration of CCI 4. In different tests, ropren (2.15-4.3-11.6 mg/kg) normalized behavior disturbed by administration of CCI 4, improved blood and liver indexes in rats with subacute hepatosis and acted as psychostimulant on the brain, changing the activity of mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic system (activation of dopamine turnover in the n.accumbens and decrease of it in the striatum). In behavioral tests, the maximal activity of ropren was registered in low (2.15 mg/kg) and middle (4.3 mg/kg) doses whereas the maximal hepatoprotective effect was observed in dose 11.6 mg/kg.The latter was the same as after administration of heptral (300 mg/kg). Heptral did not reveal practically the central effects. Therefore, ropren possesses significant hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects in a large scale of doses.

Based on the results of the multivariate correlation and regression analysis of different morphometric parameters relevant to the examination of the antrum and body of the stomach mucosa, regression equations have been developed which allow calculation of the indices which may be used for objective assessment of the presence/absence of the mucosa atrophy and the grade of its manifestation.

The activity of Adenosin Deaminase (ADA), Adenosin Monophosphate Deaminase (AMPDA), Adenin Deaminase (AD), Guanin Deaminase (GDA), Guanosin Deaminase (GSDA), Guanosin phosphorylase (GP) and Purin Nucleosid Phosphorylase (PNP) were studies in lysates of erythrocytes, lymphocytes and plasma of the blood of 52 patients with osteoarthrosis (OA), 32 patients with gout arthritis (GA) and 30 healthy people. While analyzing the enzyme indices in the lysates of erythrocytes, lymphocytes and in plasma of the blood of healthy people we didn't find out their dependence on the age and sex. The change of the activity of the enzymes depended on the clinical peculiarities of the diseases and were most of all vivid at the development of synovitis in the patients with OA and with the cronical stage of GA.The results of the comparative studies of the activity of the enzymes of Purine metabolism in the three biological media revealed the essential enzyme differences in the blood of the patients with OA and GA.The indices of the activity of AD in plasma, GDA in the erythrocytes and GP in the lymphocytes were the most evident in the differentiation of OA and GA.They are recommended to use in the clinical practice.

Purpose. The work is devoted to creating and application of various types of a modified linear-quadratic mathematical models (MLQ-models) for determination of tissues complication probability (TCP) in tissues depending on conditions of therapy and volume of the irradiated organ or tissue. Material and methods. We have used the LQ-model, model of Klepper, logistical function of distribution (two variants), distribution of Koshi and the extreme value for calculation TCP. We have been determined parameters of models for a different tissues on the basis of the systematized clinical supervision forTCP=5- and 50% and relative volumes of the irradiated tissues: 1/3, 2/3,1. Results and conclusions. Five types of MLQ-models are developed, which unite (synthesis) the most perspective models of radiation therapy: LQ model and the modified of Weibull distribution (model of Klepper); LQ-model and logistical function of distribution (two variants); LQ-model and distribution of Koshi; LQ-model and distribution of extreme value. Parameters of MLQ- models are defined by means of special program system. Their analysis has shown that the MLQ-model allows to describe the systematised clinical data well. The offered models can be used in radiological clinic for planning of an irradiation of tissues.

The remote results of surgical treatment 181 sick of a chronic pancreatitis with an estimation of quality of a life on a scale of questionnaire SF - 36 are studied. The comparative analysis in 2 groups of patients with proximal pancreas resections (109 persons) and various draining interventions (72 persons) concerning the given disease is thus carried out. At a chronic pancreatitis with primary defeat of a head of a pancreas, expansion of the main pancreatic channel and compression the general bilious channel operation longitudinal pancreatojejunal - and choledochojejunalanastomosis had no good remote results. Performance gastroenteroanastomois at the chronic pancreatitis complicated by a compression of a duodenal gut and various biliodigestive anastomosis concerning a mechanical jaundice, caused compression the general bilious channel the increased head of a pancreas at a chronic pancreatitis have no good remote results. The received results testify to necessity of the differentiated approach to surgical treatment of a chronic pancreatitis.