Vol 18, No 3 (2021)

Articles

TOPICAL ISSUES OF THE MODERN APPROACH TO CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTION OF SCOLIOSIS PROGRESSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Winderlich M.E., Shchekolova N.B.

Abstract

Currently, an active study of risk factors for the development and progression of scoliotic deformity in children and adolescents continues due to the fact that there is an increase in the incidence of the musculoskeletal system in the era of computer technology. A review of domestic and foreign literature on the clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of scoliosis was carried out. The problematic aspects of the available methods and diagnostic methods are highlighted, the analysis of their application in predicting the development and progression of scoliotic deformity is carried out. The bibliographic method was used.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):3-7
pages 3-7 views

HISTOLOGICAL, GENETIC, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF BORDERLINE OVARIAN TUMORS

Gozman E.S., Makarova N.A.

Abstract

The relevance of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the information on the distinctive markers of borderline ovarian tumors has been generalized. Based on the analysis of literature data, three groups of markers were identified: histological, genetic, immunohistochemical. The article describes the features of the histological structure of these tumors and presents various informative criteria for borderline ovarian tumors: genetic - BRAF, KRAS, PTEN, p53, immunohistochemical -ITGA2, OPN, and TSP1. Were also described immunohistochemical markers of proliferative activity - Ki-67, CK-20. The use of these markers in clinical practice makes it possible to carry out differential diagnostics of tumors, as well as to predict the course of the disease.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):8-14
pages 8-14 views

RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF EXTENSIVE HEMORRHAGIC RETINAL DETACHMENTS BY MEANS OFWIDE RETINOTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Arkhipov E.V., Yakimov A.P., Kuzmin S.V., Zaika V.A., Ryazantsev N.S.

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the surgical treatment efficacy of hemorrhagic retinal detachment in 2 patients (2 eyes) with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using a wide retinotomy to remove subretinal hemorrhage. The results were evaluated 3 months after the operation. In both cases, a complete retinal fitting was achieved, the early and long-term postoperative periodswere without complications, no recurrence of detachment was observed.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):15-18
pages 15-18 views

EXPERIENCE OF LUCENTIS APPLICATION IN TREATMENT OF NEOVASCULAR GLAUCOMA AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Zotov A.S., Balalin A.S., Balalin S.V., Khzardzhan Y.Y., Yefremova T.G.

Abstract

The study involved 23 patients (23 eyes) with neovascular glaucoma against the background of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The first stage was the intravitreal injection of Lucentis, then with IOP > 25 mm Hg - transscleral cyclophotocoagulation and after 2 weeks panretinal laser coagulation in ischemic zones; with IOP < 25 mm Hg - panretinal laser coagulation in ischemic zones. At all observation periods there was a statistically significant decrease in IOP and in rubeosis. One week after the last stage of treatment the overall decrease in IOP was 33.4 % of the initial values, rubeosis was not detected. The application of Lucentis in combination with transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma against the background of proliferative diabetic retinopathy allows to achieve stable IOP normalization, preserving residual visual functions and reducing the risk of hemorrhagic complications.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):19-22
pages 19-22 views

OUR FIRST EXPERIENCE OF COMBINED TREATMENT OF PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA AND COMPLICATED CATARACT, USING YAG-LASER ACTIVATION OF THE TRABECULA AND PHACOEMULSIFICATION OF THE CATARACT WITH IOL IMPLANTATION

Mikhailov N.O., Gorbunova N.Y., Pozdeeva N.A., Yakovlev R.A.

Abstract

The combination of cataract and glaucoma is observed in approximately 76 % of cases, and in the presence of pseudoexfoliative syndrome - in 85 %. In order to optimize the surgical treatment of this combined pathology, various methods of combined intervention have been developed and applied. One of them is combination of YAG-laser activation of the trabecula (YAG-LAT), followed by cataract phacoemulsification and implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL). We observed 78 patients (78 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma with varying degrees of pigmentation of the anterior chamber angle structures in combination with complicated cataract. All patients underwent surgical intervention, which included YAG-laser activation of the trabecula 30 minutes after which, the stage of cataract phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed. After the treatment, in all cases, there was a significant increase in visual acuity in comparison with the preoperative values, on average, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.91 ± 0.09 and a decrease in the level of intraocular pressure by 16 % from the initial value after 12 months after treatment. According to computer perimetry data, no negative dynamics was observed in any patient in the long-term follow-up period to 12 months, which may indicate the stabilization of the glaucoma process. Suggested method provides stable normalization of intraocular pressure, improvement of visual functions and stabilization of the glaucoma process.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):23-27
pages 23-27 views

EVALUATION OF HUMAN CORNEAL LENTICULE USING ELECTRON AND LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPY OBTAINED BY FEMTOSECOND LASER CORRECTION OF MYOPIA

Pisarevskaya O.V., Sudakov N.P., Lopatin A.P.

Abstract

Currently, the most common, safe and comfortable operation for the correction of myopia is the technology of small-incision lenticule extraction. The short period of rehabilitation and the stability of the result of this technology is due to minimal damage of the collagen fibers, activation and degenerative changes in keratocytes, which in most cases are reversible.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):28-32
pages 28-32 views

APPLICATION OF PHOTO-OPTICAL METHOD IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF VITREOUS OPACITIES

Khzardzhan Y.Y., Fokin V.P., Balalin A.S., Balalin S.V.

Abstract

A photo-optical method has been developed to detect the vitreous body opacities in patients, which is used to estimate the opacities area, to determine the dimming intensity index and retinal dimming factor. Studies were performed in 318 patients (318 eyes) with vitreous opacities. The sensitivity of the photo-optical method in detecting vitreous opacities in patients was 100 %, in contrast to that color photography has 76,4 %. The photo-optical method can also be used to assess effectiveness of YAG-laser vitreolysis to achieve the best clinical results.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):33-39
pages 33-39 views

FEMTOLASER ASSISTED CATARACT SURGERY IN NON-STANDARD CASES

Chuprov A.D., Malgin K.V.

Abstract

One of the advantages of femtolaser assisted cataract surgery is that it is possible to perform arcuate corneal incisions to correct corneal astigmatism at single-step operation, especially in cases where the implantation of a toric intraocular lens is not planned. The paper shows 2 clinical cases of performing arcuate incisions using femtolaser to correct corneal astigmatism simultaneously with cataract and glaucoma surgery, as well as with anterior chamber reconstruction. Femtolaser arcuate keratotomy with simultaneous phacoemulsification in non-standard clinical cases is effective and provides advantages in an alternative method of treatment before a toric intraocular lens.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):40-44
pages 40-44 views

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS METHODS OF REMOVING DENTAL DEPOSITS ON THE STRUCTURE OF TOOTH TISSUES

Miklyaev S.V., Leonova O.M., Sushchenko A.V., Salnikov A.N., Kozlov A.D., Grigorova E.N., Poltoratskaya I.P.

Abstract

In this work, we conducted a comparative analysis of various methods of removing dental deposits and the effect on the microstructure of the tooth and the root cement: with the help of a Gracie curette, a magnetostrictive scaler, a piezoelectric device and a Vector device. The material for our study was 40 medically removed teeth. By analyzing the data obtained, we were able to determine both the quality and the effect of various removal methods on the microstructure of enamel and tooth root cement. The smallest influence on the microstructure of the tooth root cement was revealed when working with the Piezon-Master 600 and Vector devices, as well as high-quality removal of ZO was achieved. The effectiveness of therapeutic manipulations was recorded by scanning electron microscopy.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):45-51
pages 45-51 views

NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE STRESS GENESIS OF PARAFUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY MASTICATORY MUSCLES

Klauchek A.E., Ageeva Y.V., Shemonaev V.I., Klauchek S.V., Parkhomenko A.N.

Abstract

The article presents data from dental and neurophysiological examinations of young people with and lack of parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism).
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):52-57
pages 52-57 views

EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS NITRIC MONOXIDE THERAPY ON IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN BISPHOSPHONATE OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAWS

Ebzeev A.K., Hristoforando D.Y., Spevak E.M.

Abstract

Bisphosphonate osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONCH) is a drug-induced osteonecrosis in patients with a history of malignancies. It is characterized by progressive destruction of the jawbone with the development of a chronic inflammatory process in the parotid tissues. For the treatment of the disease, the use of exogenous nitrogen monoxide (NO) synthesized using the Plason device is proposed. The study of immunological parameters in patients with BONCH in the main group (n = 26), who received NO-therapy, and in the comparison group (пи = 27), who received traditional sanitation with 0,05 % chlorhexidine bigluconate. The dynamics of indicators in the main group - a decrease in the activity of the cellular link (activity of phago-quoting granulocytes and monocytes) to normal values, an increase in the intensity of local immunity (IgA) and a decrease in the concentration of humoral factors of acute (IgM) and chronic (IgG) inflammation p < 0,05) - confirms the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect of exogenous NO therapy. In the case of the comparison group, reducing only one indicator (AFM) to normal values does not allow us to prove the effect of traditional sanitation on immunological parameters in General. Thus, the use of exogenous nitrogen monoxide for patients with BONCH is justified both at the stage of preoperative preparation and as a basic conservative therapy if surgical treatment is not possible.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):58-61
pages 58-61 views

ANALYSIS OF ANGULAR DEVIATIONS IN ODONTOPREPARATION OF TEETH FOR ORTHOPEDIC STRUCTURES

Ivashchenko A.V., Yablokov A.E.

Abstract

Odontoreparation is fundamental to ensure the functional efficiency, high aesthetics and durability of fixed prostheses. At present, with fixed prosthetics of defects in hard tissues of teeth and dentition, various types of artificial crowns are widely used [1, 2]. Purpose of the study: to determine the angular deviations of the vertical surfaces of molars, prepared by students of the 3rd year. Based on the data obtained, calculate the average value for the group and identify which surfaces of the stump are most prone to errors during odontopreparation. Materials and methods. Frasaco® phantom teeth (mandibular molars) were used as research materials. Preparation for metal-ceramic crowns was carried out according to the traditional method by thirteen third-year students of the Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. In this work, 6° was taken as the optimal angle of convergence of the vertical walls (3° on each of the two opposite surfaces). During the preparation, a fissure bur d = 1,6 mm was used. Conclusion. The average time spent on preparation is quite long, which indicates an insufficient level of manual skills. The revealed phenomena of wall divergence also indicate that the preparation skills are insufficient. In addition, divergence was found mainly on the distal surface, which is explained by more difficult access and limited visibility of the prepared surface.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):62-67
pages 62-67 views

ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF MENTAL ABILITIES AND FINE MOTOR SKILLS WITH ORAL HYGIENE IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN

Tikhonov V.E., Faustova A.G., Kalinovsky S.I., Mitina E.N., Ilyasova N.V., Yudakova Y.S.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between hand-eye coordination, the general level of intellectual abilities and fine motor skills with oral hygiene in school-age children. Two age groups of schoolchildren, 7-9 years old and 10-12 years old, were selected for the study. For children aged 7-9 years old, it was proposed to pass L. Bender's visual-motor gestalt test and Torrance's creativity test. For children 10-12 years old - a short orientation test and Torrance's creativity test. After testing, the oral hygiene index OHI-S was determined using indicator tablets. According to the test results, the following data were obtained. In children aged 7-9 years, L. Bender's visual-motor gestalt test showed values from 13-45 points, Torrance's creativity test - 26-96 points. In children aged 10-12 years, a short orientation test showed values of 4-17 points, Torrance's creativity test - 28-99 points. For further work with the data obtained, three groups were identified in each test: with high, medium, and low mental abilities. In each of the groups obtained, the average values of the level of hygiene were determined. The study found that low hygiene index scores correspond to those students whose test results for mental ability and fine motor skills are high, and vice versa, high hygiene index scores correspond to those children whose test scores are low. Thus, the level of oral hygiene is directly related to mental performance and fine motor skills in children.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):68-72
pages 68-72 views

COMPARABILITY OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN ASSESSING THE ETIOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF RESPIRATORY ALLERGY

Panina A.A., Belan E.B., Shushkova I.G., Lutaya E.D.

Abstract

The standard methods of the specific diagnosis of respiratory allergy were compared. 233 patients with allergic diseases were examined. Serum level of the specific IgE has been measured by in vitro methods in exacerbation of the disease (n = 686), skin tests have been carried out in the remission according to a standard procedure (n = 203). The techniques with manually with disk reagents (108 patients, n = 340) and automatic Immulite analyzer (125 patients, n = 346) have been used in the first case. The validity of the differences between the compared groups was assessed by analyzing the conjugacy tables and calculating the statistical criterion hi-square (X2). Statistically valid differences in the frequency of sensitization to cat epithelium/hair, meadow and weed allergens, alpha-and beta-lactoglobulins as the result of comparing of manual and automatic methods of the measurement of the level of specific IgE haven't been revealed. The frequency of the confirmation of the results by skin tests was 92,6, 88,3 and 87,8 % for cat's epithelium/hair, meadow and weed allergens, respectively. Serum level of specific IgE to pollen allergens didn't correlate with size of wheal in skin testing. Conclusion. Thus, manual and automatic methods are comparable for the specific diagnosis of respiratory allergy. The possibility of the choice of an allergen for the specific immunotherapy independently on level of IgE it's necessary to study.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):73-78
pages 73-78 views

IN SILICO PREDICTION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, ACUTE TOXICITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF 4H,4'H-[2,3'-BICHROMENE]-4,4'-DIONE DERIVATIVES

Shatokhin S.S., Oganesyan E.T.

Abstract

The search for new biologically active compounds in the series of benz-Y-pyrone derivatives is an actualproblem for modern medicinal chemistry, which is associated with a wide range of pharmacological properties inherent in the core and their low toxicity due to their wide distribution in nature. In order to assess the prospects for the synthesis of new 4H,4'H-[2,3'-bischromene]-4,4'-dione derivatives, a virtual series of compounds have been formed, and the probable spectrum of pharmacological activity, acutetoxicity and bioavailability have been assessed in silico using online services.It have been shown that the analyzed compounds can exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity, are low-toxic and characterized by high oral bioavailability.It confirms the expediency of their synthesis and further study.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):79-81
pages 79-81 views

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SENSORIMOTOR REACTIONS IN THE TASKS OF VISUAL SEARCH IN STUDENTS OF VARIOUS AGE GROUPS

Astashchenko A.P., Tyunina O.I., Bayeva Y.S., Dorokhov Y.V., Gorbatenko N.P., Komissarova O.V.

Abstract

The formation of perception and voluntary attention functions is the basis for the development of the child's cognitive activity. The implementation features of the voluntary attention processes on the models of simple and complex visual search in groups of subjects with an age range from 8 to 18 years old were studied. Reaction time, errors (goal's omissions, false alarms), time for cognitive processes, correlations and features of attention efficiency in subjects with various academic performances were analyzed. The search time for a single element in a random location of an empty grid decreases with age. Errors such as "false alarm" prevail in younger age groups. The effectiveness of visual search can be one of the criteria for academic performance. Young men and women with low academic performance make significantly more mistakes such as "false alarm" in visual search tasks. The front-parietal attention system is the main one for the implementation of sensorimotor reactions. The maturation of this system can be the basis for increasing the attention effectiveness with age.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):82-87
pages 82-87 views

HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIONS OF PRESCHOOLERS WITH SPEECH DISORDERS

Slapovskaya O.I., Komarov A.U., Patyukov A.G., Rusakov V.V.

Abstract

Speech disorders are quite common in preschool age and provoke violations not only of verbal, but also of personal and social relationships. In children with speech disorders, depending on the duration of the visit to the speech kindergarten, the function of speech, praxis, gnosis, memory, attention, and thinking were studied using test tasks. It is established that children who attend speech kindergarten for the first year, as well as children who stay in this institution for the second year, have some features in the state of praxis and mnestic functions. Against the background of correctional measures, the majority of children aged 6-7 years (by the third year of attending a speech kindergarten) have a state of higher brain functions that practically does not differ from their peers from a mass kindergarten.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):88-91
pages 88-91 views

FATIGUE SYMPTOMS UNDER LOCAL EXERCISE IN ATHLETES AGED 17-22 YEARS

Popova T.V., Koryukalov Y.I., Korableva Y.B.

Abstract

The paper aims to identify functional features of hand muscles under local exercise to fatigue in acyclic sports. Materials and methods. University students from acyclic sports, where the largest load is distributed between the extremities, abdominal and back muscles, participated in the experiment.The control group involved non-athletes of the same age and gender. The subjects were tested on a finger ergograph or hand dynamometer (lifting an average weight to fatigue or holding a weight of 1/3 of submaximal at a given height). EEG data were recorded and work capacity was calculated under exercise. The results of the study showed that hand performance in athletes was higher than that of non-athletes. EEG differences were found in terms of fatigue symptoms, especially in slow-wave theta and alpha activity. The conclusionwas drawn on the use of local exercise for a comprehensive assessment of physical fitness.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):92-96
pages 92-96 views

CEREBROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF OUINAZOLINE-4(3H)-ONE DERIVATIVES WITH A GUANIDINE SUBSTITUENT IN RATS WITH BILATERAL COMMON CAROTID ARTERY OCCLUSION

Borisov A.V., Volotova E.V., Ozerov A.A., Kurkin D.V., Bakulin D.A., Abrosimova E.E., Borodkina L.E., Smolnyakova J.A.

Abstract

From derivatives of quinazolin-4 (3H) -one, 2 substances were isolated: VMA-13-15 (N-[2-[4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl] propionyl]guanidine) and VMA-13-17 (N-[2-[6-bromo-4-oxo-3(4H)-quinazolinyl]acetyl]guanidine). With the therapeutic administration of the compounds, the survival rate and neurological condition of animals with bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries were better than in the control group. Also 72 hours after surgery and treatment, the level of cerebral blood flow and the severity of the reactions of cerebral vessels to the introduction of a stimulant and a blocker of nitric oxide synthesis were higher. Compounds VMA-13-15 and VMA-13-17 are promising for further study of their therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular accidents.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):97-102
pages 97-102 views

HEMORHEOLOGICAL FEATURES IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE ON THE BACKGROUND OF DIABETES MELLITUS

Shkarin V.V., Samedov F.V., Anfinogenova O.I., Kubanov S.I., Nuzhnaya K.V., Domenyuk D.A., Akinchitz A.N.

Abstract

Diabetes meUitus, as one of the main risk factors for diseases of the circulatory system, significantly increases the likelihood of the formation of cerebrovascular pathology, therefore, improving the diagnosis of hemorheological disorders is a priority area of medicine. According to the results of a study of 68 patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus, it was found that with an increase in the length of the disease, chronic hyperglycemia and an increase in the level of HbA1c, the complex of hemorheological disorders increases. The development of a vicious circle in the pathogenesis of endocrinopathy creates the prerequisites for the further progression of micro- and macrovascular complications.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):103-107
pages 103-107 views

THE USE OF A RESPIRATORY SAMPLE IN ANALYSIS OF MICROCIRCULATION AND MECHANISMS OF ITS REGULATION BY LDF METHOD IN NORMAL AND IN HYPOXIA

Ovchinnikova O.A.

Abstract

The state of microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) using a LAKK-02 computerized analyzer. The skin was tested in the Zaharna-Ged zone in the sitting position of the subject with an 8-minute recording before and after smoking at rest and after applying the breath test. When smoking even one cigarette, significant unfavorable changes in nutritional blood flow are observed, which indicate persistent vascular changes, deterioration of outflow from the microvasculature, which may indicate an increase in blood volume in the venular link and, in particular, this may be a sign of intravascular changes in the rheological properties of blood.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):108-111
pages 108-111 views

THE EFFECT OF DRUGS OF VARIOUS PHARMACOLOGICAL GROUPS ON THE RESPIROMETRIC FUNCTION OF MITOCHONDRIA IN CONDITIONS OF CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

Miroshnichenko K.A., Chernikov M.V.

Abstract

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a severe neurodegenerative pathology that develops as a result of repeated concussions of the brain, leading to disability and death of the patient. Materials and methods. Pathology modeling was carried out by traumatic impact on the parietal region of the rat skull with a weight of 150 g from a height of 50 cm for 7 days. The studied compounds were choline alfoscerate, hopanthenic acid, aminophenylbutyric acid, citrulline malate, and sodium polydihydroxyphenylenethiosulfonate. Results. Significantly significant normalization of mitochondrial respirometric function was found in the conditions of CTE. Conclusions.After analyzing the results, we can assume the presence of a cerebroprotective effect in these drugs by restoring the respirometric function of the mitochondria of brain cells.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):112-115
pages 112-115 views

ASSESSMENT OF THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY OF YOUNG PEOPLE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF EDUCATIONAL STRESS

Zvereva M.V., Bobkov G.S., Fedorova E.Y., Bobkova S.N.

Abstract

Youth: high school students and first-year students of universities are exposed to significant pressure of educational stress, which affects the adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the parameters of cardiac activity in persons of this category. The article presents the results obtained on the basis of methods of dispersion ECG mapping and assessment of heart rate variability in 46 schoolgirls of medical classes and 49 first-year students of Moscow City University. As a result of the survey, it was revealed that a significant proportion of high school students and female students have deviations in the following parameters: the state of functional tension of regulatory systems prevails in the majority of the surveyed, the heart rate is higher than normal, there are signs of instability of the electrical activity of the atria.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):116-118
pages 116-118 views

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL REBUILDING OF FIBROUS STRUCTURES OF RAT'S SKIN DERMIS UNDER 3D-SCAFFOLD IMPLANTATION BASED ON POLYPROLACTONE

Mishina E.S., Zatolokina M.A., Ryazaeva L.M., Pol’skoi V.S., Tsymbalyuk V.V., Nevolko V.O., Shmatko I.A., Zatolokina E.S.

Abstract

The use of various scaffolds makes it possible to model the future fibrous framework of the newly formed regenerate, and also serves as a substrate for the colonization of the cellular component. The development of tissue engineering in regenerative medicine requires an understanding of more precise mechanisms of the formation of the connective frame at the site of the defect. The aim of this study was to study the morphofunctional rearrangement of the fibrous structures of the dermis of the skin of rats, in response to for the implantation of a 3D-scaffold based on polyprolactone. The study was carried out on the skin of male Wistar rats at different times after implantation of a 3D-scaffold based on polyprolactone. The biomaterial with the implantable scaffold was studied using scanning electron microscopy. As a result of the study, it was revealed that active collagenogenesis is determined around the structures of the 3D-scaffold based on polyprolactone. By the 14th day, a large number of circularly directed collagen fibers are visualized, which are the basis for further building a connective tissue capsule around the fibers. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of using a 3D-scaffold based on polyprolactone. This implant can also be effective for the colonization of allogeneic cultured fibroblasts and the creation of biomedical tissue engineering products on its basis.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):119-123
pages 119-123 views

LAPAROSCOPY FOR ACUTE SURGICAL PATHOLOGY IN PREGNANT WOMEN

Turbin M.V., Cherkasov M.F., Cherkasov D.M., Lesovaya V.Y., Bondarenko V.A., Melikova S.G., Anufrieva V.G.

Abstract

Acute surgical pathology during pregnancy has a number of features, ignorance of which can lead to serious diagnostic errors and to the choice of the wrong treatment tactics. Materials and methods. The experience of management of 68 pregnant patients diagnosed with «acute abdomen» is presented. The gestation period ranged from 7 to 32 weeks. Results. Laparoscopy was performed in 41 cases. Among 36 patients with a clinic of acute appendicitis during laparoscopy, 29 had a confirmed diagnosis (28 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy, in one case with a gestational age of 30 weeks appendectomy was performed using the Volkovich - Dyakonov surgical access). One patient was diagnosed with a torsion of the fatty suspension of the large intestine, its video-laparoscopic resection was performed. In 6 cases, no surgical pathology was revealed. In 5 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by an adhesive process, laparoscopic dissection of the adhesions was performed. In all cases, there were no postoperative complications. Conclusions. Laparoscopy during pregnancy allows timely verification of surgical pathology, avoid diagnostic errors, and in most cases, perform the surgical operation minimally invasive.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):124-127
pages 124-127 views

SYNDROME INTESTINAL INSUFFICIENCY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT-SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE DESTRUCTIVE PANCREATITIS

Klimovich I.N., Maskin S.S., Shevcov M.N., Golbrah V.A.

Abstract

The syndrome of intestinal insufficiency (SII) in patients with acute obstructive pancreatitis (ADP) leads to the formation of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), and then to the development of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) with all its inherent symptoms: acute heart, lung and kidney failure. Objective: to determine the role of SII in the development of abdominal compartment syndrome in patients with ADP. Materials and methods. Clinical studies were conducted in 71 patients with sterile pancreatic necrosis. Pathoanatomical studies of the small intestine were performed in 20 patients who died due to sterile pancreatic necrosis, of which 10 (50 %) died without SII and 10 (50 %) with SII. Results and discussion. SII developed in 57 (80 %) patients. Absolute quantitative and chronological relationships between SII and IAH and subsequent development were found in 11 (15 %) patients with ACS. SII was ahead of the formation of IAH by an average of 24 hours. IAH and, accordingly, ACS were not formed in patients without SII. The data of enterometry in the deceased with and without SII fully confirmed the results of clinical studies on the leading role of intestinal insufficiency in the development of IAH. Conclusions. SII is the initial and main link in the pathogenesis of the formation of IAH and the subsequent development of ACS in patients with ADP.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):128-132
pages 128-132 views

ON THE QUESTION OF MODERN DIAGNOSIS OF UREMIC PANCREATITIS AND DESTRUCTIVE PANCREATITIS IN PATIENTS ON RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY (PROGRAM HEMODIALYSIS)

Zurnadzh'yante V.A., Kchibekov E.A., Gasanov K.G.

Abstract

The study included 52 patients with suspected pancreatitis who were admitted to the hospital on an emergency basis, who receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in history. The control group included 50 outpatients on programmed hemodialysis. The study did not include patients with suspected pancreatitis who did not receive programmed hemodialysis. The concentration of p2-microglobulin and ferritin in the blood serum was determined in the studied groups. The most statistically high concentration of p2-microglobulin was found in the group of patients with suspected uremic pancreatitis, and the concentration of ferritin is highest in the group of patients with suspected destructive pancreatitis who received a history of renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). In the control group of outpatients receiving programmed hemodialysis procedures, there were no statistically significant fluctuations in serum concentrations of p2-microglobulin and ferritin.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):133-136
pages 133-136 views

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF EROSIVE AND ULCERATIVE LESIONS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH CRITICAL ISCHEMIA OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS, WHO UNDERWENT ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS

Poliantsev A.A., Frolov D.V., Linchenko A.M., Ievlev V.A., Karpenko S.N., Chernovolenko A.A., Kaplunova E.V., Dyachkova Y.A.

Abstract

Aim: Purpose: to compare the incidence of erosive and ulcerative pathology of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, including those complicated by bleeding, in patients with critical ischemia of the lower extremities, type 2 diabetes and without it, who underwent endovasal revascularization. Materials and methods: 155 patients who took part in the study were divided into two groups: the first group (81 people) included patients with diagnosed diabetes mellitus, the second (74 people) - patients without pancreatic endocrine pathology. Before endovascular surgery, all patients underwent fibrogastroduodenoscopy with ranking according to points of the severity of lesions of the gastroduodenal zone. In the postoperative period, during dynamic observation, the state of the upper gastrointestinal tract was assessed for a year. Results: all patients in both groups were diagnosed with pathological changes in the proximal parts of the gastrointestinal tract from inflammatory-erosive to ulcerative, including those complicated by bleeding. When comparing the severity of changes in groups, statistically significant differences were not obtained. Gastrointestinal bleeding occurred much more frequently in the postoperative period in reoperated patients with diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: due to the wide prevalence of pathology of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, all patients with critical ischemia need to undergo a histological examination, testing for Helicobacter pylori and the appointment of etiopathogenetic treatment or prolonged prevention of bleeding in risk groups.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):137-145
pages 137-145 views

LONG-TERM RESULTS OF REVASCULARIZATION OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS WITH CRITICAL ISCHEMIA AND DIABETES MELLITUS WITH LOCALIZATION OF THE OCCLUSIVE-STENOTIC PROCESS IN THE FEMORAL AND POPLITEAL ARTERIES

Frolov D.V., Mozgovoy P.V., Linchenko D.V., Frolov M.V., Chernovolenko A.A., Dyachkova Y.A., Linchenko A.A.

Abstract

Aim: to compare endovascular and open revascularizing interventions in patients with neuro-ischemic form of diabetic foot in order to choose the management tactics for this category of patients, which has the best results in the near and long term. Materials and Methods: The study involved 85 patients with critical lower limb ischemia of atherosclerotic genesis and diabetes mellitus, hospitalized for revascularization in a specialized department. The study participants were divided into two groups: the first group included 38 patients who underwent endovasal revascularization of the affected arterial segment, the second - 47 patients who underwent femoropoplitealautovenous bypass grafting below the knee joint. Results: during the dynamic observation of patients, it was found that the number of reoperations on a previously revascularized limb was significantly higher in the group of endovascular interventions than in the group of open reconstructions: 19 (50 %) and 7 (14,9 %), respectively. In the long-term period, three patients of the second group underwent amputation at the hip level, in contrast to the patients of the first group, in which not a single case of amputation was recorded at the indicated level (p = 0,05). Conclusions: for patients with diabetes mellitus and critical lower limb ischemia, endovasal revascularization can be recommended as the most preferable due to the existing features of arterial lesions, the possibility of repeated surgical intervention and preservation of the limb and its support ability.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):146-153
pages 146-153 views

MORPHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM OF A PERSON IN OLD AGE, ESTABLISHED ON THE BASIS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND HISTOLOGICAL METHODS OF RESEARCH

Balandin A.A., Zheleznov L.M., Balandina I.A.

Abstract

The analysis of the results of morphometric examination of the corpus callosum of 50 people who underwent brain examination in the Department of radiation diagnostics in the period 2019-2020 was carried out. The subjects agreed to a magnetic resonance imaging study, which was conducted only according to indications. The height and length of the corpus callosum, the thickness of the roller and knee, as well as the depth of its occurrence - anterior, upper, and posterior-were determined. A morphological study of the corpus callosum of 23 male and 21 female corpses was carried out on the sectional material. Histological and micrometric methods were used. All the subjects had no history of diseases and injuries of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as alcohol and drug addiction. The total diameter of microgliocytes was determined. The parameters of the corpus callosum in individuals older established using magnetic resonance imaging did not reflect statistically significant evidence of a sexual dimorphism, while there is a trend to their prevalence in men compared to women. The total diameter of microgliosis in the cushion in the knee of the corpus callosum person in the elderly are characterized by the absence of statistically significant differences of the parameters, however, the tendency to the predominance of settings under the cushion. Both in the knee area and in the area of the corpus callosum roller, there is a tendency to prevail in the indicators of the total diameter of microgliocytes in men in comparison with women.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):154-158
pages 154-158 views

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE FEATURES OF TOPOGRAPHY AND MORPHOMETRY OF THE RAT SITIC NERVE

Borodina K.M., Zatolokina M.A., Sozykin A.A., Tsymbalyuk V.V., Shmatko I.A., Zatolokina E.S., Banchenko D.A.

Abstract

Correctly selected tactics of surgical intervention on the trunks of peripheral nerves largely determines the duration of the rehabilitation period and full restoration of the function of the nerve trunk. At the same time, it is necessary to know all the topographic, anatomical and morphometric features of the peripheral nerves and the surrounding connective tissue sheaths. Considering the fact that the laboratory rat is the most optimal experimental animal, the study of the morphometric and topographic features of its peripheral nerves of the extremities, in particular the sciatic nerve, is the most in demand at the present time. The aim of this work was to study the features of the topography and morphometry of the sciatic nerve of the rat. The study was carried out on laboratory animals male Wistar rats, which were dissected the sciatic nerve on both limbs and carried out morphometry according to the author's method. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the sciatic nerve of the rat can be both a continuation of the lumbosacral trunk and separate from the sacral plexus. Independent detachment of two large trunks enclosed in one common fascial sheath, which in the lower third of the thigh diverged into separate - the common peroneal and tibial nerves, was observed in 20 % of the studied individuals. Morphometric examination revealed the prevalence of the sciatic nerve trunk thickness on the left limb. The revealed topographic and morphological differences in the organization of the sciatic nerve on the right and left extremities must be taken into account in experimental studies when developing approaches to the nerve trunk and carrying out, in the area of the surrounding connective tissue sheaths, various therapeutic manipulations.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):159-163
pages 159-163 views

DETERMINATION OF SOME PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN THE EXTRACT FROM THE HERB OF INULA BRITANNICA L BY HPLC

Ryabukha A.F., Abramov O.K., Smirnova L.A., Yanitskaya A.V., Arutyunova V.V.

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are an extensive group of biologically active substances, characterized by a wide range of pharmacological activity. As you know, the chemical composition of plant objects is diverse, but it is in the aboveground part that phenolic compounds predominate. Of particular interest are flavonoids and phenylpropanoids. The identification of compounds of these groups was carried out by HPLC analysis in the grass of inula britannica collected in the Volgograd region. The paper presents chromatograms of water-alcohol extracts with ultraviolet and fluorescent detections, the presence of some hydroxycinnamic acids, namely chlorogenic, caffeic and ferulic acids, as well as luteolin-7-o-glucoside and quercetin from the group of flavonoids.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):164-169
pages 164-169 views

INFLUENCE OF LASER RADIATION ON MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE IN THE TRAINING PROCESS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Gallyamutdinov R.V., Golovneva E.S.

Abstract

The aim of the work was to study the effect of laser exposure on the morphometric parameters of myosatellitocytes and myocytes during swimming training. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 18 rats, divided into groups: 1) control, 2) swimming training 3) swimming training with infrared laser action on the muscles of the hind limbs. Samples of the biceps femoris were fixed with formalin and histological sections were prepared. A morphometric analysis of the digital image of objects was carried out. Results. Swimming training led to an increase in the number of myosatellites, the area of the nuclei of myosatellites and myocytes, and the cross-section of muscle fibers. Laser effect on muscle tissue during training contributed to a significantly greater increase in the studied parameters and an increase in the number of myocytes. Findings. The laser effect during swimming training stimulates the proliferative capabilities of muscle tissue.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):170-173
pages 170-173 views

ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN SURGERY OF AORTO-FEMORO-POPLENOUS SEGMENTS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC GENESIS

Lazarenko V.A., Bobrovskaya E.A., Petrova A.A.

Abstract

The features of endothelial functional activity in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis with lesions of the femoral-popliteal (n = 140) and aorto-femoral (n = 97) segments before and after reconstructive interventions were studied. Endothelial status was assessed in systemic and local blood flow. There were no differences depending on the level of lesion in the content of homocysteine and the adhesive form of endothelial dysfunction. In the case of proximal lesions observed significantly high levels in systemic and local blood flow oxidized LDL and annexin V, and PAI-1 in systemic blood, with the distal - lower t-PA in the system (of 15,8 %, p = 0,013) and local (32,6 %, p = 0,0005) the bloodstream). There was an increase in prothrombotic potential during distal arterial reconstructions in the systemic blood flow (7,7 %, p = 0,009) and revascularized segment (26,5 %, p < 0,001) and an increase in apoptosis in the operated limb (17,6 %, p = 0,03) compared to proximal reconstructions.
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):174-178
pages 174-178 views

PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MANAGEMENT TACTICS OF PATIENTS WITH PEPTIC ULCER AND CHRONIC GASTRITIS IN OUTPATIENT SETTINGS

Ivakhnenko I.V., Ponomareva A.V., Razvalyaeva O.V., Kolesnikova I.U., Krayushkin S.I., Shatalova O.V.

Abstract

A pharmacoepidemiological study of the compliance of the diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and chronic gastritis (CG) in outpatient conditions in Volgograd with modern clinical recommendations was carried out. The medical records of 283 patients who were treated for gastric/duodenal ulcer and CG on an outpatient basis were analyzed. Primary diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection was assigned to 37,4 % of patients with PUD/CG, while non-invasive tests were used more often (65,9 %). As a starting therapy, polyclinic doctors most often prescribed standard triple therapy, enhanced with bismuth preparations. Control of the effectiveness of eradication was recommended for 38,8 % of patients. The main problems of managing patients with PUD and CG in polyclinics in our region are associated with an insufficient level of primary diagnosis of H. Pylori, monitoring the effectiveness of eradication therapy (ET), as well as using poorly informative testing methods
Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):179-184
pages 179-184 views

Pravila dlya avtorov

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Journal of Volgograd State Medical University. 2021;18(3):189-189
pages 189-189 views

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