Vol 9, No 1 (2017)

Reviews

RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION AS SUPPORTING METHOD IN METASTATICHEPATIC TUMORS TREATMENT FOR COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS

Topuzov E.E., Bobrakov M.A., Balashov V.K., Drogomireckaya E.I., Erokhina T.A., Kislicina O.N., Petriashov A.N., Kruglov A.N., Topuzov R.E., Napolskaya E.V.

Abstract

In article introduced modern research data. Made a comparative evaluation of several treatment methods: radiofrequency ablation, liver resection, combination of those those methods. At the moment, comparison of these methods is difficult, because liver resection candidates usually have better health status. Even when compared radiofrequency ablation and liver resection in comparable groups, results ambiguous. despite the accumulated experience of radiofrequency ablation use in colorectal cancer treatment, Many questions remain unsolved - indications and contraindications, optimal size and num- ber of tumor focuses, surgery implementation ways, navigation and postoperative monitoring, combina- tion with other treatment methods and etc. In this review examined different views on treatment with radiofrequency ablation use.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):7-14
pages 7-14 views

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF STOMACH CANCERCOMPLICATED BY BLEEDING

Zemlyanoy V.P., Sigua B.V., Gubkov I.I., Zakharov E.A., Mavidi I.P., Mikhailov G.A., Sakhno D.S.

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer complicated by bleeding. The absence of unanimity in the choice of treatment strategy, timing and extent of surgical intervention, the feasibility and scope of lymphadenectomy
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):15-20
pages 15-20 views

EPIDEMIOLOGY, SOCIAL ASPECTS AND PATHOGENESIS OF OBESITY

Simanenkov V.I., Tikhonov S.V., Ilyashevich I.G., Ledovay A.V., Makiyenko V.V., Fedorova N.V.

Abstract

The article presents modern data on epidemiology, risk factors, social aspects, etiology, pathogenesis of obesity, particular attention is paid to the influence of maternal nutrition and child in the perinatal period, genetics and epigenetics, microbiome in the pathogenesis of obesity, physiology and pathophysi- ology of adipose tissue
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):21-27
pages 21-27 views

LATE-ONSET HYPOGONADISM EFFECTS ON CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Shustov S.B., Kitsyshin V.P., Frolov D.S., Makarova A.V.

Abstract

A total of 161 men with at a mean age of 58 (52; 64) years were available for examination. Sixty of them presented with coronary artery disease and confirmed late-onset hypogonadism, 80 had coronary artery disease and normal testosterone, 21 had no coronary artery disease and no hypogonadism. The study included echocardiography, Holter monitoring, heart computed tomography, coronarography and estimation of depression level. We found that low testosterone in patients with coronary artery disease is associated with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, atypical anginal syndrome and subclinical depression. Men with androgen deficiency and ischemic heart disease have lower heart rate variability, longer time of ST interval depression and greater amount of extrasystoles, than patients with ischemic heart disease and no androgen deficiency. There is a negative correlation between total testosterone and amount of myocardial revascularisation operations in men with normal testosterone. Patients with free testosterone <9pg/ml have more severe coronary artery disease than men with free testosterone >9pg/ml according to coronary angiography.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):28-33
pages 28-33 views

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AS A NEW COMPONENT OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN THE LIGHT OF MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS

Denisov N.V., Grinevich V.B., Chernetcova E.V., Kornouchova L.A., Kravchuk U.A., Partsernyak S.A., Mironenko A.N.

Abstract

The aim of the research was to study the biochemical model of morphological changes in the liver of patients with different forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLd, overweight and abdominal obesity (AO). Morphological changes in liver tissue were determined by non-invasive method Ste- atoskreen . The study evaluated the relationship between the cytolytic syndrome, forms of NAFLd and various manifestations of metabolic syndrome (MS). According to the survey, morphologically NAFLd was confirmed in 98% of patients using non-invasive diagnostic test Steatoskreen . The progression of different forms of NAFLd was significantly correlated with various metabolic disorders (dyslipidemia, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, obese) increases with the progression of NAFLd.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):34-41
pages 34-41 views

THE MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND LASER TREATMENTOF AGGRESSIVE POSTERIOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

Saidasheva E.I., Buynovskaya S.V., Kovshov F.V., Levadnev Y.V.

Abstract

Presented of сomparative results of diagnostics and laser treatment of 63 very premature born babies with aggressive posterior form of retinopathy of prematurity, divided into two groups: 1 (main) - 39 (62%) children to whom except standard ophthalmologic methods of research it was fluorescein angio- graphic of a retina with the pediatric retinal camera RetCam3; 2 (control) group made 24 (38%) the child without FA. The angiographic signs allowing to diagnose the beginning of a disease and its recur- rence are defined. Installed the difference in efficiency of laser treatment in groups: 87,2% in 1 group and 79,2% in the 2nd group. FA is a safety and high informational method in diagnostic and treatment process of aggressive posterior retinopathy at babies with the term of a gestation of 22-30 weeks is shown.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):42-47
pages 42-47 views

THE ACTIVITY OF APOPTOSIS AND PREMATURE AGING IN YOUNGAND MIDDLE-AGED MAN WITH POLYMORBID CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASEAND NON-PSYCHOTIC MENTAL DISORDERS

Partsernyak A.S., Aflitonov M.A., Khalimov Y.S., Kireeva E.B., Mironenko A.N., Partsernyak S.A.

Abstract

Objective: To study the activity of apoptosis and premature aging in individuals of middle age with polymorbidity cardiovascular disease and non-psychotic mental disorders.Design and methods: The study included 78 men with MCVP and 20 healthy men. used in the study: complex psychological test methods and laboratory-instrumental evaluation of the cardiovascular system. definition p53 protein was performed by ELISA using kits BMS eBioscience BMS256 (BenderMedSys- tems, uSA). Results: n the group of patients with polymorbidity cardiovascular disease (PTS) of the p53 protein level was 4,89 uI / ml in the control group, p53 0,93 uI / ml. In all groups celebrated the acceler- ated pace of aging by an average of 10 years, compared with the control group. In the second phase of the study, patients were divided into three groups, depending on the planned treatment scheme. In the group of patients treated with standard therapy of p53 protein level was 3,51 uI / ml, from the group comprising in addition to standard therapy, psychotherapy - 2,34 uI / ml, in the third group, where the methodology of psycho-physiological and psychological visual and auditory correction - 1 8 uI / ml. After a course of treatment in all groups showed slowing premature aging . The first and second groups , a transition of V in class IV , the third group III to V of the functional class of aging . during the correlation analysis it was found a strong correlation between p53 protein and BV (r + 0,69; p < 0.05).Conclusions: Patients with polymorbidity cardiovascular disease marked increase in titer of apop- tosis protein p53 , accelerating premature aging 7-10 years. A direct correlation between p53 protein and biological age (r + 0,69; p < 0.05). Against the background of complex treatment with standard therapy with psycho-physiological and psychological visual and auditory correction decreased prema- ture aging, as compared with the groups that used the standard therapy for 8-10 years.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):48-53
pages 48-53 views

СHOICE METHOD OF OSTEOSYNTHESIS HIGH FRACTURES CONDYLAR PROCESSOF THE MANDIBLE

Devdariani D.S., Kulikov A.V., Bagnenko A.S., Baranov I.V., Aleksandrov A.B., Arno A.V.

Abstract

Osteosynthesis condyle without replantation , with replantation and osteotomy of the mandible branch at, modification A. Zhilonov, gives good results if the indications for their use are defined by J. Prein classification , taking into account the nature of the displacement of the small fragments
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):54-58
pages 54-58 views

LOW-VOLUME CARDIOPLEGIA BY «CUSTODIOL» SOLUTIONIN CARDIAC SURGERY WITH CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

Istomin T.A., Kurapeev I.S., Mihaleva Y.B., Suborov E.V., Domanskaya I.A., Vasilieva G.N.

Abstract

The study presents the results of quality assessment of antiischemic myocardial protection by low- volume method of cardioplegia by «Custodiol» solution during operations with cardiopulmonary by- pass. The study involved 57 patients who underwent different cardiosurgery operations with cardio- pulmonary bypass. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of the volume of cardioplegic solution. Research group (Group № 1) consists of 33 patients who were administered «Custodiol» in low volume limited by 1000 ml. The control group (Group № 2) consists of 24 patients who were ad- ministered standart volume of the solution corresponding to the manufacturer's instructions: 1 ml per 1 g of myocardial mass during 6-8 minutes. The results has indicated that the use of low volume of car- dioplegic «Custodiol» in a single administration manner provides a complete antiischemic protection of the myocardium during the correction of valvular heart disease, including combination with coronary artery bypass grafting. usage of low volume «Custodiol» solution method does not increase the need of inotropic and vasopressor usage and pacing time. The use of low volumes of «Custodiol» helps to reduce transfusion requirements of blood and its components.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):59-67
pages 59-67 views

TREATMENT AND RECURRENCE PREVENTION OF ACUTE ADHESIVE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION

Filenko B.P., Zemlyanoy V.P., Kotkov P.A.

Abstract

Surgical treatment of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction is an unsolved problem due to the high frequency of relapses. The aim of this work was to improve the results of treatment of patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction by preventive measures improvement. The paper set out the principles of curative and prophylactic algorithm, that can help to reduce the frequency of relapses and improve long-term results. The algorithm includes operative treatment using endovideosurgical access and differentiated approach to the use of preventive measures. The best results were achieved by per- forming planned surgical operations.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):68-72
pages 68-72 views

CLINICAL AND MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF INJURIES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREAAND NECK, COMPLICATED BY INFECTIOUS PROCESSES

Mironenko A.N., Popov V.L., Egorova O.A.

Abstract

Two clinical cases of maxillofacial and neck injuries complicated by acute inflammatory processes demonstrated the necessity of involvement of the maxillofacial surgeon in expert commission and al- gorithm design.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):73-78
pages 73-78 views

ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS OF FAMILY PHYSICIANSABOUT THE OSTEOPOROSIS AS A PROBLEM OF ELDERLY

Kuznetsova O.Y., Moiseeva I.E.

Abstract

The prevalence of osteoporosis in Russia is about 10%, and in the age group over 50 years - up to 25-35%. The role of primary care physicians in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease is high, because 80% of patients seeking medical help in primary health care. The article presents the results of the assessment of the awareness of the general practitioners (family doctors) on the preven- tion, diagnostics and treatment of osteoporosis
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):79-82
pages 79-82 views

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF CANCER PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY

Poroshina E.G., Vologdina I.V., Pestereva E.V.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to explore the psychological characteristics and quality of life of patients with cancerous tumor combined with cardiovascular disease. 81 middle-aged patient (51,4±4,6 years) with cancer of different localization examined. Additionally, 42 patients had a concomitant cardiovas- cular pathology. Group of comparison consisted of 39 patients. The following tests and scales were used: test TOBOL for studying the issues of patients’ reaction to desease, Spielberger-Khanin scale to monitor level of anxiety, SF-36 questionnaire to analyze the quality of life. unlike the patients without cardiac pathology, the cancer patients with concomitant cardiovascular pathology showed higher anxi- ety and lower quality of life assessment
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):83-88
pages 83-88 views

ANALYSIS OF STABILOMETRY BY PEOPLE OVER 65 YEARS

Safonova Y.A., Emelyanov V.D.

Abstract

The study was conducted to assess the risk of postural balance disorders among people older than 65 years with various diseases by analyzing stabilometric indicators. Among people older than 65 years the risk of falls into the position in the the side and back (r = 0,89, r = 0,96, respectively) during self-ver- ticalization was identified. At the age of 85 years and older the length and speed of displacement of the center of pressure (p <0.01) is significantly increased, which corresponds to the high frequency of falls 61.36% (95% CI 10,5-21,8, p <0.001). Among men, deviations of length, speed and area of the center of pressure are greater than that of women (p <0.001). A significant influence on stabilometric indicators was revealed in obesity, COPd, coronary heart disease, postmenopausal osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and a history of stroke. At the same time comorbid conditions, sleep disorders, lone accommodation had no significant impact on stabilograms.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):89-95
pages 89-95 views

INVESTIGATION OF CYTOCHROM P450 2C19 GENETIC POLYMORPHISM AND ITS EFFECT ON THE THERAPY OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH GERDIN THE CRIMEAN POPULATION

Rabotyagova Y.S., Klyaritskaya I.L.

Abstract

Was investigated genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 2C19 and studied its effect on out- come of PPIs therapy in 136 patients of the Crimean population suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients were divided into three groups: those with erosive esophagitis - 49, with non-erosive reflux disease - 60, with reflux hypersensitivity - 27. It was found that in that sample of patients of the Crimean population genetic polymorphism was introduced *1/*1 and *1/*2 genotypes. Carriage genotypes *1/*1 and *1/*2 are equally common among male and female. Patients with genotype *1/*2 are more likely to occur a complete response to PPIs therapy, than those who carry genotype *1/*1 (odds ratio 3.237). Patients with erosive esophagitis equally common carriers of both genotypes but patients with genotype *1/*1 more common show patrial respons to PPIs therapy (odds ratio 1,795). Among patients with NERd more often met favorable outcome of PPIs therapy, but the carrier of any of the genotypes was not identified as risk factor. Among patients with reflux hypersensitivity clinical respons to PPI therapy affected by CYP2C19 genotype condition: patients with genotype *1/*1 were more likely to develop treatment failures than those with *1/*2 genotype (odds ratio 2,786).
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):96-101
pages 96-101 views

NARROWBAND OPTICAL EMISSION WAVELENGTH OF 540 NMIN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC GASTRODUODENITIS

Kiryanova V.V., Alexandrova V.A., Gordeichuk A.V.

Abstract

Effects of low-intensity narrow-band optical irradiation wavelength of 540 nm on the clinical course of chronic gastroduodenitis in children, the mucous membrane of upper gastrointestinal tract morpho- logical status, the motor function of the gallbladder and esophagus. It was discovered that combina- tion therapy has a definite advantage over drug treatment on elimination of clinical manifestations and morphological and motor indicators of gastrointestinal tract dicfunction
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):102-106
pages 102-106 views

MOTIVATION AS A FACTOR OF INFLuENCE ON THE SuCCESS OF FOREIGN LANGuAGE TEACHING OF POSTGRAduATES IN MEdICAL SCHOOLS

Kubacheva K.I.

Abstract

The article is devoted to investigation of the motivation in learning a foreign language by postgrad- uates in the medical school. Motivation is regarded by the author as a factor of influence on the success of the professional foreign language teaching. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of experimental studies of postgraduate teaching issues such as: individual personality traits, the status in the group, positive or negative experience of learning a foreign language, etc. This article contains the material on the results of the postgraduate students’ survey on issues related to the objectives of learning a foreign language, its application possibilities in practical professional work and so on.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):107-109
pages 107-109 views

AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE LIVER

Radchenko V.G., Seliverstov P.V.

Abstract

In the process of life the human body undergoes a number of changes which, in lead to its aging. Physiological aging is accompanied by irreversible functional and organic restructuring of all systems and organs, including the liver. The most common cause of diffuse changes of a parenchyma of the liver in elderly patients is steatosis, which is an important role of mitochondrial dysfunction. For the treatment and prevention of liver diseases, against skin aging is inevitable, it is expedient to apply preparations with a multidirectional effect on the various links in the pathogenesis of liver damage. Systematic implementation of preventive measures will allow older people to maintain good health and performance for years to come.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):110-116
pages 110-116 views

EVOLUTION OF THE FRAILTY CONCEPT

Turusheva A.V., Frolova E.V., Degryse J.M.

Abstract

Following the worldwide trend of population ageing, the number of older adults in Russia is increas- ing. The population of older adults is highly heterogeneous. Some people live to old age in good health and retain the ability to be independent and active participants of society, while others experience a reduction in physical and cognitive functions and lose their ability to live independently. This group of older adults needs additional assistance leading to increased financial costs due to their treatment and follow up. The concept of frailty was proposed as a potential predictive tool for this population of older adults. The aim of this study was to present different frailty models and history of development of the frailty concept.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):117-124
pages 117-124 views

CASE REPORT ABOUT LEBER HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY:DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT

Golovkin V.I., Shandurina A.N., Fomintseva M.V., Pervova E.M., Zhulev S.N., Garyshina Y.O.

Abstract

The article presents clinical case of rare form of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy with permanent hand tremor. diagnosis is confirmed by genetic test for major mutation. The possibility of treatment with transcutaneous electrostimulation of optic nerves in case of epigenetic provocation on a intoxicat- ing theory of gene expression is discussed.
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2017;9(1):125-128
pages 125-128 views


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