Vol 19, No 4 (2017)

Various ecological and professional factors (hypoxia, a hot or cold climate, noise, vibration, radiation, intense physical activity, etc.) are peculiarities of the military activities. The introduction of molecular and genetic methods in medical practice and occupational selection can greatly improve the efficiency of selection and rational appointment of people into separate specialties, optimize working capacity, maintain human health, reduce the costs for rehabilitation and (or) specialists’ treatment

The article gives a brief overview of the historical stages of formation of the modern system of state sanitaryepidemiological supervision in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation from the primary elements of sanitary supervision in the regular Russian army in the XVIII century to the formation of the modern sanitary-and-epidemiologic institutions. Parallels with the development of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of Russia. Some aspects of improvement of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation from positions of introduction of the risk-oriented model of control and oversight activities. Outlined the problems of application of administrative coercive measures to officials of military units and institutions for sanitary offences committed and the ways of their solution

According to the report of the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation to the President of Russia in October 2017, only in 2016 211 students perished in physical culture and sports. Of course, even one case should make us think about the shortcomings in the methods of physical education and sports, and in the absence of timely provision of medical care

The results of a study aimed at the analysis of the main risk factors of premature aging of the human body and assessment of their pathogenic significance are presented in the article. According to the literature, the main risk factors for premature aging are: metabolic disorders, obesity, lack of exercise, bad habits (alcohol, smoking), weighed down by premature aging heredity, poor nutrition, prolonged and frequent episodes of nervous and mental overexertion. The assessment of the pathogenetic significance of these factors from the standpoint of neuroimmune endocrine interactions has been conducted. It has been shown that the considered risk factors have systemic adverse effects on the human body, activating different pathogenetic cellular and molecular mechanisms. The results of the study expand the understanding of the systemic adverse effects of risk factors on physiological processes and can be used in prevention of premature aging

Modern trends in psychopathology are the increase in the number of patients who need psychiatric or psychological assistance, inadequate staffing of the mental health system, low psychological culture of the population, lack of a system of early detection of predisposition to psychopathology. The review is devoted to one of the unsolved problems - this is a problem of autoaggressive behavior, which manifests itself in self-blame, self-abuse, self-injury, suicide, self-destructive behavior (drunkenness, alcoholism, drug addiction, risky sexual behavior, choice of extreme sports, dangerous occupations, provoking behavior), and it is one of the most relevant in the field of mental health. The risk factors for self-harm, both in the clinical and in the conventionally normal population, are usually considered within two large groups: a) external (environmental or psychosocial factors and traumatic events), b) internal (personal) factors and their interaction. Although most of the self-harm observed in normative mental development in adolescence, adolescence and young age is preclinical and is nonincidental, suicidal intentions can’t be completely ruled out, which requires mandatory testing and clarification of the possible suicide risk in self-destructive behavior within the planned therapy and the selection of relevant targets psychological correction. Since the main contingent requiring registration and assistance is someone who has committed a suicidal attempt, the prevention of a repeated autoaggressive action is the main task of the work of specialists providing psychological and medical and social assistance in the post-suicide period