Vol 49, No 5S (2000)
- Year: 2000
- Articles: 129
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/jowd/issue/view/5130
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD.495S
Full Issue
Articles
Experience of Birch surgery in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
Nowadays, urinary incontinence in women is not only a medical but also a serious social and hygienic problem. A variety of methods are used to eliminate this pathology, including surgical treatment. In the Russian Federation, 30,000 female patients per 1 million female population require surgical correction of urinary incontinence (Krasnopolsky V.I. et al., 1997). The anatomical and functional condition of the lower urinary tract, pelvic diaphragm and the degree of genital prolapse influence the choice of surgical technique. In cases of minimal prolapse of the bladder neck with a significant degree of urinary incontinence, suprapubic suspension surgeries are performed.






Transposition of the distal urethra in the surgical treatment of recurrent lower urinary tract infections
Abstract
Aim: The recurrent course of chronic lower urinary tract infections in more than 10% of women is caused by variants of the external urethral opening, such as vaginal ectopy and hypermobility. This creates conditions for retrograde infection of the urethra during sexual intercourse. The aim of the study was to improve the treatment outcomes of women with recurrent lower urinary tract infection with vaginal ectopia or external urethral hypermobility.



Long-term results of colpopoiesis
Abstract
In recent years, in our Republic, the number of anomalies of genital development has increased. In the region the examination, treatment and study of distant results of colpopoiesis have not been carried out before. The gynecological departments of Samarkand hospitals examined and treated 37 female patients aged 16-39 with genital abnormalities who underwent sigmoidal colpopoiesis from 1992 till 2000.






Current possibilities of urethral reconstruction in women and restoration of the urinary retention mechanism
Abstract
Introduction and aims of the study. Urinary trauma in women remains the most serious complication in obstetric and gynecological practice. Unfortunately, such patients often remain without specialized care and suffer from total urinary incontinence.



Experience of surgical treatment of urinary incontinence with dislocation of the unchanged urethra and bladder neck
Abstract
One of the main causes of stress urinary incontinence is post-traumatic changes of the pelvic organs, usually occurring after a complicated delivery. Hormonal dyscorrection in the perimenopausal period may also be an etiological factor of this pathology. The neurogenic form of urinary incontinence in which only conservative treatment is possible cannot be overlooked. Infectious diseases of the urinary tract also often lead to urinary disorders.






Comparative evaluation of different minimally invasive methods of genital prolapse correction
Abstract
By minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment we mean benefits performed under endoscopic, transvaginal or percutaneous access without extensive opening of the skin, aponeurosis, and abdominal cavity. The development of minimally invasive surgery is currently the most promising trend in all fields of medicine, gynecology in particular. The advantages of minimally invasive technologies manifest themselves most fully at surgeries in hard-to-reach for traditional surgery areas, such as the cervical space of the small pelvis and the urethrovesical segment area. This fact together with high frequency of genital prolapse and dissatisfaction with the results of earlier proposed methods of treatment determined our interest in this problem.



Free synthetic loop (TVT) in the surgical treatment of tension urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence in women is an urgent problem of modern urogynecology. About 40% of the female population of Russia suffer from this disease. New methods of their surgical treatment are being actively searched for. In recent years, the search for new methods of stress urinary incontinence treatment has been based on the necessity to objectify the results of treatment. It is important to monitor the results of surgery immediately, contact with the patient during the procedure is necessary.












Surgical treatment of patients with descent and prolapse of the internal genitalia accompanied by tension urinary incontinence
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform a clinical and physiological evaluation of the efficacy of different methods of surgical treatment of patients with genital prolapse and prolapse accompanied by the treatment of urinary incontinence with tension.



Long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with uterine prolapse and prolapse
Abstract
We analyzed the long-term results of surgical treatment in 77 patients with genital prolapse. Of them, 35 had stress urinary incontinence. General clinical, endoscopic, urodynamic methods of investigation and ultrasound scanning were performed.



Efficiency of surgical treatment of tension urinary incontinence with transvaginal hysterectomy
Abstract
One of the common urological diseases is tension urinary incontinence. Its treatment has not only medical but also social importance. Tension urinary incontinence is one of the diseases that not only cause physical suffering to women, but often lead to their social isolation. Tension urinary incontinence predominantly affects women who have undergone a pathological delivery, during which the muscles of the pelvic floor, perineum and genitourinary diaphragm are torn.



Urodynamic studies in the diagnosis of neurogenic urinary disorders in women
Abstract
Neurogenic disorders of bladder function are caused by disruption of the reflex arc of urination. Identification of the main pathological link is a diagnostic task that involves neurologists, urologists, neurosurgeons, etc. In addition, complex diagnostic equipment is required, which is not always available in the clinic.






The role of urodynamic studies in determining the treatment tactics for women with urinary incontinence
Abstract
Lower urinary tract dysfunction manifested by urinary incontinence occurs in 10-30% of women. They lead to a significant decrease in the quality of life of these patients, which has a significant social significance. Improving the effectiveness of treatment of patients with urinary incontinence remains a very urgent problem. An accurate diagnosis of the type of dysfunction is necessary for choosing the optimal treatment tactics. In this case, urodynamic methods of investigation have the greatest diagnostic value.



Role of urethral profilometry and urethral vascular dopplerography in the complex examination of patients with stress urinary incontinence
Abstract
Urinary retention is a multifactorial, complex, and not fully understood mechanism. It is believed that 2/3 of the intraurethral pressure is due to the urethral vascular arterial plexuses. Estrogen deficiency adversely affects the vascular network of the urogenital tract.



Urethral instability and urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
Aim: Urethral instability in some cases leads to urinary incontinence depending on the nature, amplitude, and combination of fluctuations of the maximum intraurethral pressure and bladder pressure, which allows us to distinguish two types of urethral instability.






Obstructive urination in women
Abstract
Obstructive urination in women is a very rare and difficult to recognize symtomocomplex.
The aim of this study is to familiarize readers with this problem and to present the results of examination of patients suffering from this urinary disorder.



Combined method of surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
The aim is to increase the effectiveness of surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence in women with vaginal wall prolapse by using a pathogenetically justified combined treatment method consisting of anterior colporrhaphy with urogenital diaphragm muscle plasty, fixation of the bladder neck to the rectus abdominis muscles and aponeurosis using three caproneal ligatures, posterior colporrhaphy, perineolevatoroplasty.



Diagnostic algorithm for various types of urinary incontinence
Abstract
216 women with stress, imperative and mixed forms of urinary incontinence were examined. Priority was given to anamnesis, physical examination, summary evaluation of urinary diary and traditional microbiological information.



Risk factors in the development of urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
Urinary incontinence is still a topic dominated by the social "taboo" principle, generating several crucial problems affecting the quality of life: medical, hygienic, social, psychological. Risk factors are proposed to be classified as urogynecological, constitutional, neurological or behavioral.



Possibilities of using urethral valves - obturators to improve the quality of life of patients with urinary incontinence
Abstract
Urinary incontinence in women is common in all age groups and differs in the severity of symptoms. A distinction is made between mild, moderate and severe urinary incontinence. Unfortunately, patients suffering from mild urinary incontinence very rarely visit a specialist.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibility of using minimally invasive treatment methods in patients with mild to moderate urinary incontinence.



Prevalence of imperative urinary disorders among women
Abstract
Imperative urinary disorders are one of the most common medical problems. The main clinical symptoms of imperative urinary disorders are: frequent urination, imperative urge to urinate and imperative urinary incontinence. The pathogenesis of this pathology is currently not fully understood. Urodynamic examination in these patients usually reveals signs of detrusor instability (involuntary detrusor contractions during the filling phase), or urethral instability (fluctuations of maximum urethral pressure).



Symptom of tension urinary incontinence in different types of pathology of the urinary retention mechanism: clinical and pathogenetic classification
Abstract
The final link in the pathology responsible for involuntary urine loss during physical exertion is a disturbance of the mechanism of adequate transmission of the impulse of increased intra-abdominal pressure to the urethra and bladder. The conditions leading to the occurrence of transmissive disorders are decreased resistance of the urethra and its upper half leaving the zone of hydraulic protection.






On improving the diagnosis of tension urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
We studied some etiological and pathogenetic factors of tension urinary incontinence (TUI) in 132 female patients. The cause of the disease in 78 (59.5%) of them was fast or prolonged labor, heavy physical work; trauma in 26 (19.7%) and hormonal disorders in 19 (14.3%) patients. All the patients were subjected to a comprehensive examination that included cytological examination of vaginal smears with determination of the caryopycnotic index, cystourethroscopy, retrograde cystourethrography, and urodynamic studies.



Three-dimensional echography in the diagnosis of urinary incontinence
Abstract
The number of women suffering from stress urinary incontinence and requiring specialized treatment remains very high. Meanwhile, it is often possible to judge the presence and severity of the pathological process only by indirect data of examination, palpation, instrumental methods of examination.



Condition of the lower urinary tract in menopausal women
Abstract
Universal "markers" of estrogen deficiency developing in menopause are not only vasomotor disorders and emotional and psychological discomfort typical for perimenopause, but also atrophic changes in the urogenital tract: atrophic vaginitis, cystourethritis, urinary control disorders.
The aim of the study: to identify different variants of urinary disorders in women in the menopausal period.



Possibilities of modern hormone replacement therapy for the correction of urogenital estrogen deficiency syndrome in women with the pathological course of menopause
Abstract
To find out the potential of modern hormone replacement therapy (HRT) drugs to relieve urogenital disturbances (UGR) in women with menopausal pathology, we examined 65 premenopausal patients (including 23 women with a history of hysterectomy) with various degrees of UGR and who used HRT according to the conventional regimens: 23 patients on Climen, 19 on Climonorm, and 23 on Climara. None of the women had received hormonal treatment for at least 6 months prior to the study.



Tissue therapy in the treatment of urogenital disorders in women with menopausal syndrome
Abstract
Considering that the increased frequency of urogenital disorders in women in the menopausal period is caused by the development of marked atrophic changes in the vaginal and urethra mucosa on the background of estrogen deficiency, the presence of numerous contraindications to the use of pharmacological estrogenic drugs, we studied the possibilities of tissue therapy in the correction of urogenital disorders.



Urogenital disorders in older women
Abstract
Urogenital disorders are one of the pathological conditions that occur in postmenopausal women and represent an important problem for their health. Despite the high prevalence and high social importance of these diseases, most women do not seek medical care.






Current treatment options for vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
Vesicovaginal fistulas are one of the most unpleasant complications for both patients and gynecological surgeons. Unfortunately, in recent years, the number of patients with vesicovaginal fistulas after obstetrical and gynecological interventions has not decreased.



Dynamics of recovery of sexual and childbearing functions in women who underwent successful fistuloplasty of vaginal fistula
Abstract
Data on the dynamics of sexual function recovery in patients who underwent successful fistuloplasty were obtained by questionnaire survey. We interviewed 123 women with an average age of 41.6 years. Sexual function was restored in 71 (57.7%) patients without a history of hysterectomy 4.8 months after fistuloplasty. In 52 (42.3%) women who had undergone uterine extirpation, sexual function recovered only by 8 months after fistuloplasty.



Surgical correction of vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
In modern urogynecology, urogenital fistulas remain an urgent problem. From 1994 to 2000, 25 patients with vaginal fistulas were under our observation. Fistulas after gynecological operations were observed in 20 patients, after obstetric operations in 3 patients, after medical abortions in 2 patients. The period of existence of fistulas ranged from 4 months to 20 years. Fistuloplasty for recurrent fistulas was performed in 3 patients. The age of the operated patients ranged from 18 to 65 years.



Treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas after surgical treatment for genital endometriosis
Abstract
Currently, one of the serious problems in urogynecology remains the problem of vaginal and vaginal fistula treatment. Up to 85% of fistulas develop after gynecological surgeries. Direct damage to the bladder wall during surgical treatment is the main cause of bladder-vaginal fistula formation. On the other hand, impaired blood supply to the bladder wall is believed to play a role in the genesis of fistula development.



TachoComb Nikomed in the surgical treatment of recurrent vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
Aim of the study: To evaluate the reliability of TahoComb in the surgical treatment of recurrent vaginal fistulas. TahoComb (Nicomed) is an absorbent plate designed to close the wound surface for the purpose of hemostasis and tissue adhesion. The plate is ready to use immediately.



Peculiarities of diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic injuries of the ureter after obstetric and gynecologic surgeries
Abstract
The urological department of the Janedze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine. From 1996 to 2000, 14 women with ureteral injuries after obstetric and gynecologic surgeries were treated in the urological department of Janelidze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine.



Ureteral trauma in obstetric and gynecological practice
Abstract
Ureteral trauma remains the most severe among all injuries of the urinary system organs. In recent years the number of such patients has increased.
Aim. This work assesses the results of treatment of 210 patients among those operated on in our clinic.



Principles of bladder injury prevention in obstetric and gynecological practice
Abstract
The problems of surgical treatment of patients with bladder-vaginal fistulas are largely determined by the nature and localization of bladder injuries during gynecological operations and obstetrical procedures. In this regard, the prevention of lower urinary tract injuries in obstetric and gynecological practice remains a topical issue.



Prevention of urinary tract injuries by ureteral catheterization during gynecological and obstetric surgeries
Abstract
Traumatization of the urinary tract in obstetric practice has sharply decreased in recent years. At the same time, the number of bladder and ureter traumas during surgical intervention in patients with complicated uterine fibroids as well as during repeated cesarean section surgery tends to increase.



Optimization of obstetric trauma treatment for prevention of urological complications
Abstract
Obstetric traumas of the pelvic floor, perineum and urogenital diaphragm are the most frequent complications of childbirth and, according to domestic and foreign authors, account for 10.3-39%. Vaginal and perineal tears are the consequence of many causes depending on the mother and fetus, but, as a rule, they are the companions of pathological childbirth.



A new method for diagnosing viral, chlamydial, and ureaplasma infections
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a new serological method for diagnosing chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, and CMV infection.
Seventy-six women with reproductive disorders were examined. The subjects were divided into two groups: I -52 women with primary and secondary infertility; II-group - 24 women with habitual miscarriage, uncompleted pregnancy. Fifteen healthy women were the control group.



The use of vilprafen in obstetric practice
Abstract
The problem of treatment of nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia in pregnancy remains one of the most difficult in obstetric practice. This is due to a number of reasons: changes in the metabolism in the body of a pregnant woman - which affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs, the emergence of drug resistance of microbes, restrictions on the prescription of antimicrobial drugs for pregnant women.



Inflammatory diseases of the genitals as a leading factor of infertility (diagnosis, treatment)
Abstract
Aim. We examined and treated 2012 patients with infertility. The mean age of the women was 26.5 ± 2.3 years, the duration of infertility was 4.5 ± 1.3 years; primary infertility was in 51.8%, secondary infertility was in 48.2%.



Application of wobenzyme in complex therapy in patients with infertility in marriage
Abstract
The subjects were 27 couples with infertility in a marriage of 3 to 10 years, aged 25 to 39 years. At microbiological examination, Chlamidia trachomatis was detected in 11 (40.7%) husbands and their wives by culture and PCR, half of them had ATJg G r titers to Chlamidia trachomatis within 1:32 and 1:64. Four patients had second sexual partners infected with Chlamidia trachomatis. Ureaplasma urealiticum was detected in 9 (33.3%) couples, 3 of their wives had early miscarriages, and the remaining 7 couples had mixed mycoplasma-ureaplasma infections.



Role of STDs in the etiopathogenesis of cervical pseudoerosions and urinary tract infections in nulliparous women
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in STIs and their role in the pathology of the urogenital organs; in particular, there is a frequent combination of urinary tract infection and cervical pathology in women who have not given birth.
The aim of the study was to make a comparative analysis of the incidence of genitourinary tract infections in patients with pseudoerosion of the cervix and healthy female patients.



Female genital candidiasis - approaches to standardization of diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
Vaginal candidiasis (the most common clinical form of genital candidiasis) is a common disease. Its frequency has doubled in the last decade and makes up 45% in the structure of infectious pathology of the lower female genitalia. It is especially alarming that the increasing number of patients with genital candidiasis poses a threat to the health of women, as well as to the fetus and the newborn baby, really increasing the threat to the health of the future generation.



New approaches to the treatment of chronic nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia
Abstract
Currently, chronic nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia are the most common in gynecological practice. The different species spectrum of microorganisms required further development of pharmacological research in order to obtain new, more powerful generation of antibiotics that are successfully used for the treatment of causative agents of chronic inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia.



Etiological structure of urethritis in women
Abstract
Urethritis is the most common disease of the urethra in women aged 20 to 50 years.
The aim of our study was to investigate the etiology of urethritis in women. A total of 122 women diagnosed with urethritis (75 pregnant and 47 non-pregnant women) were examined.



Ascending pyelonephritis in women who have undergone surgical treatment for genital endometriosis
Abstract
The relevance of the problem of ascending infection in urogynecological practice can be explained both by the peculiarities of nosology itself, which, if not treated in time or inadequately, can lead to severe consequences for the health of women, and by the severity of the leading disease that causes undesirable complications.



A method for noninvasive diagnosis of inflammation in gynecological patients
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs of various etiologies are detected in 60-65% of gynecological patients who come to the women's consultation clinic, of which 20-30% require inpatient treatment. Many inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia are of a sterile nature, without pronounced signs of intoxication. The existing methods of diagnosing pelvic inflammatory diseases (ultrasound, bacteriological examination, determination of antibody titers of the pathogen, laparoscopy) require a long time, many methods are invasive and do not always meet the requirements of urgent gynecology.



Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis
Abstract
Aim: Interstitial cystitis (IC) is one of the causes of lower urinary tract syndrome with unclear etiology, pathogenesis and treatment approaches. The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic criteria and the effectiveness of various therapeutic techniques in relation to IC.



Concomitant urogenital infection in prepubertal girls
Abstract
In prepubertal girls, the incidence of both genital and extragenital infections remains high up to the present time, and primarily concerns the urinary tract. The close anatomical and physiological connection of the urogenital tract, the frequent excretion of identical microflora from the urine and genital organs indirectly confirm the etiopathogenetic relationship of pyelonephritis, cystitis and vulvovaginitis.






Treatment of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women using plasmapheresis and laser irradiation of the blood
Abstract
Of 163 women aged 16 to 42 years who suffered from acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy, 80 patients (the main group) received 3-5 centrifugal plasmapheresis (PA) operations combined with 5-7 sessions of laser blood irradiation in the course of treatment (infusions, antibacterials, etc.). The remaining patients (83) constituted the control group.



Results of using plasmapheresis and UVB in the treatment of obstetric patients with pyelonephritis
Abstract
Centrifugal plasmapheresis (PA) and blood UVB were included in the treatment of 47 women with clinical pyelonephritis. The average age of the women was 24.4 years.
Twenty-two women (46.8%) had a history of pyelonephritis attacks. Every second patient had a history of inflammatory genital diseases. In the present pregnancy, 36 women (76.5%) had urogenital infections, which were acute in every fifth case.



Species composition and persistence characteristics of uromicroflora in pregnant women with pyelonephritis
Abstract
Pregnancy is considered a risk factor for pyelonephritis (PN). However, the occurrence of this pathology largely depends on the qualitative properties of the microorganisms infecting the kidneys. Especially significant among them are persistence characteristics providing resistance of bacteria in contact with human immunity effectors.
Aim of the study. To analyze the species composition and persistence characteristics of bacterial microflora isolated from urine of pregnant women with PN.



The role of modern technology in the outcome of labor for the newborn in women with pyelonephritis
Abstract
The desire to improve the health of the newborn requires the search for optimal ways to manage pregnancy and childbirth in women with extragenital pathology. One of the most frequent extragenital pathologies in pregnant women is kidney and urinary tract diseases, the incidence of which, according to various authors, ranges from 8% to 23%. Newborns from these patients are at high risk for intrauterine infection and intestinal dysbacteriosis.



Clinical experience in the prevention and treatment of urogenital infections in pregnancy failure
Abstract
The aim of the study was to detect sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in pregnant women with chronic urogenital infection and to develop tactics for the prevention and treatment of possible complications. Methods: general clinical examination, examination of blood, swabs and cervical canal secretions by bacteriological, immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay methods.



Current tactics for men with severe forms of spermatogenesis disorders
Abstract
The rapid development of assisted reproductive technologies has significantly changed the strategy and tactics of managing male infertility patients. The introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into the program of in vitro fertilization (IVF) has opened up new possibilities for treating even the most unpromising forms of infertility, in which sperm in the ejaculate is absent.



Causes of septic complications of childbirth
Abstract
The problem of postpartum infection remains one of the most important problems in obstetrics. The occurrence of postpartum purulent-septic complications is a consequence of the manifestation of an infectious factor in labor. In analyzing the individual charts of 60 pregnant women and labor histories, we identified factors that contributed to the development of infectious complications. The examined women were aged 18-38 years. Chronic foci of infection were detected in 54% of the pregnant women (31% had chronic pyelonephritis, 23% had chronic tonsillitis).



Prevention of postpartum septic complications in pregnant women with acute gestational pyelonephritis
Abstract
Aim: Despite the increase in the arsenal of preventive measures, in recent years there has been no pronounced downward trend in postpartum septic complications, which prompts the search for new methods of their prevention.



The informative value of some urinalysis methods in the treatment of infectious complications of medical abortion
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases account for the largest percentage of all complications of medical abortion. An irrational approach to the treatment of this pathology leads to the impairment of female reproductive function. The search for new informative technologies and methods of treatment efficacy evaluation is quite reasonable.



The tactics of treatment of chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women
Abstract
Chronic pyelonephritis is a common disease that affects 5 - 7% of pregnant women. Many authors point to its repeated exacerbations during pregnancy, increased number of complications of pregnancy and labor, intrauterine infection of the fetus, its intrauterine hypotrophy, reduced immunological reactivity of the mother and the newborn.






The use of variable frequency modulations for rehabilitation of women with urogenital disorders in the perimenopausal period
Abstract
During the perimenopausal period, the most pronounced changes occur in the urogenital tract. The frequency of urogenital disorders in women aged 45-55 years reaches 50-70%. Since most of these manifestations (vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, pruritus, recurrent vaginal and urogenital tract infections, senile colpitis, urinary incontinence, dysuria) are the direct consequence of atrophic changes in the urogenital tract and significantly worsen the quality of life of patients, treatment of urogenital disorders in perimenopausal women is an urgent problem.



Experience with detrusitol in the treatment of overactive bladder
Abstract
Overactive bladder is one of the most common urinary disorders. The main clinical symptoms of overactive bladder are rapid urination, urgency (the feeling that urination will start immediately and any delay will end with involuntary urination), and urge urinary incontinence. Unfortunately, no optimal treatment for this condition has been developed at present.






Colpopoiesis as the method of choice for surgical treatment of vaginal absence
Abstract
Genital malformations account for 4% of all congenital anomalies. Absence of the vagina occurs with a frequency of 1 per, 4-5 thousand newborns. The problem of vaginal formation in congenital aplasia has long attracted the attention of many specialists.



Clinical and anatomical aspects of the structure of the vesicourethral segment in women
Abstract
Currently, one of the important and understudied issues in urogynecology is the problem of stress urinary incontinence in women of childbearing age. In the USA, more than 15 million people suffer from urinary incontinence, a disease more common than diabetes mellitus (Neil M., 1999). In the Russian Federation, symptoms of urinary incontinence have been identified in 38.6% of women (I.V. Ryapolova, L.Y. Litvinenko, 1998).









Clinical and laboratory "portrait" of surgical patients with vaginal wall prolapse and urinary incontinence
Abstract
We examined 89 patients with vaginal wall prolapse and urinary incontinence before and after surgical treatment. The course of the postoperative period was uncomplicated (sanogenetic) in all women. The mean age of the women was 55.5±10.6 years, body weight was 71.4±1.2 kg, and height was 162.0±0.53 cm.



Clinical significance of urethral instability in women
Abstract
Aim: In some patients with urinary disorders the clinical picture and symptoms are determined by fluctuations of the maximum intraurethral pressure or urethral instability, which dictates the necessity of measuring pressure at its maximum point during a combined urodynamic study during urethral profilometry. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical significance of maximal intraurethral pressure fluctuations in women.



Prospects for the use of cadaveric grafts in patients with tension urinary incontinence
Abstract
The validity of loop surgery for tension urinary incontinence in women using both the body's own tissues and various synthetic materials is generally recognized. However, currently known techniques do not always satisfy physicians. For example, when a skin loop is used, a scar remains after the flap is formed, which is certainly a negative moment for patients. When synthetic materials are used, there is a high risk of erosion of the loop bed and long-term infection in the surgical area.



Needle electromyography in the assessment of neuromuscular state of urethral and anus sphincters in stress and urgent urinary incontinence in women
Abstract
One of the possible causes of urinary incontinence (UI) may be a lesion of the pudendal nerve innervating the transverse striated muscle of the external urethral sphincter. In this case the most adequate method to assess the state of sphincters and pelvic floor muscles, to reveal the presence of denervation and degree of reinnervation in these muscles is needle electromyography (EMG), which is based on the study of motor units of muscles by analyzing their potentials recorded with concentric needle electrodes.



Differentiated approach in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence
Abstract
Aim: During the analysis of treatment of 192 patients with isolated forms of stress urinary incontinence, the immediate and long-term results were evaluated. The efficiency of suprapubic, vaginal and sling surgeries was compared.



Will the ultrasound method replace radiology in the detection of stress urinary incontinence?
Abstract
Aim: To develop effective and less burdensome methods for diagnosing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) on the level of modern principles. A comparative study of the effectiveness of urethrocystography and perineal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of SUI was performed.



Urodynamic monitoring in the diagnosis of imperative urinary disorders in women
Abstract
Urodynamic studies are widely used in patients with various urinary disorders. However, the standard urodynamic study performed within 30-50 minutes often does not allow for evidence-based assessment of the accumulation and evacuation phases, which leads to various diagnostic errors.
The aim of this paper is to acquaint the readers with the results of examination of women suffering from various forms of dysuria using urodynamic monitoring.



The role of urodynamic studies in the diagnosis of various forms of urinary incontinence
Abstract
Combined urodynamic studies including uroflowmetry, cystometry and profilometry are widely used in women suffering from various forms of urinary incontinence at the stage of differential diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics.
Aim. To evaluate the significance of urodynamic studies in women suffering from various forms of urinary incontinence.



Rare forms of urinary disorders in women
Abstract
Aim. In the present paper we decided to introduce readers to a rare clinical group of patients whose examination revealed a combination of several clinical and urodynamic symptoms of the disease manifestation not coinciding with the results of additional examinations.



Peculiarities of urethral resistance in vaginal and uterine wall prolapse in women without urethrocele
Abstract
120 continent women with vaginal and uterine wall prolapse without urethrocele were examined. Urodynamic examination was performed in the lithotomic position using a "barrier". The first group (n=75) included patients with isolated cystocele and the second group (n=45) with cystocele and uterine prolapse.









Laser therapy for urogenital disorders in postmenopause
Abstract
According to recent epidemiological studies, more than 50% of postmenopausal women suffer from urogenital symptoms, the frequency of which increases with age. Atrophic changes in the mucous membranes of the urogenital tract are caused by the loss of trophic function of estrogen, which leads to cessation of proliferative processes in mucous membranes, their thinning, increase in pH of the vaginal contents, dominance in the microbiocenosis of aerobic and anaerobic opportunistic pathogenic microflora.



Flow cytofluorometry of cervico-vaginal flushes as an objective method for the diagnosis of urogenital disorders in women who have undergone bilateral oophorectomy
Abstract
To study the possibility of using flow cytofluorometry (FC) of cervico-vaginal smears to objectify urogenital disorders (UGD) in women after surgical removal of ovaries, we examined 111 patients of reproductive age (25-35 years) who underwent surgical castration and had clinical manifestations of urogenital estrogen deficiency syndrome of different severity. All women were simultaneously examined: cervico-vaginal smears by triple-parametric FC method (GOI-92 cytometer, St. Petersburg) and traditional microscopic examination of vaginal smears.






Surgical treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas after gynecological operations
Abstract
The problem of surgical treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas after gynecological surgeries is still a rather difficult task and does not always lead to successful results.
The aim of the present study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with vesicovaginal fistulas after gynecological surgeries.



Comparative assessment of the diagnostic value of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound examination in patients with vaginal fistulas
Abstract
The main goal of the diagnostic process for various diseases is to obtain comprehensive information, allowing you to choose the best treatment option. Taking into account the necessity to assess the anatomical relations of the damaged urogenital organs and the results of plastic surgery for vaginal-vaginal fistulas, we used modern methods of radiological and ultrasound diagnostics in our work.



Experience in the treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
The treatment of urogenital fistulas and, in particular, vaginal-vaginal fistulas, which are one of the most severe complications of gynecological and obstetric operations, remains one of the most difficult problems of urogynecology today.



30 years of experience in the treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
Aim: to analyze the clinical results of diagnosis and treatment of vaginal fistulas (VVF), the problem of which, despite the repeated coverage of this issue in the literature and in scientific and practical discussions, remains unsolved, because the number of patients with this disabling pathology is not decreasing, and the treatment results are not always satisfactory to surgeons.



Peculiarities of treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas
Abstract
Aim: Restoration of the continuity of the urinary tract and urination.
The treatment of patients with vesicovaginal fistulas is one of the most complex and topical areas of urogynecology. Causes of bladder-vaginal fistulas: a small incision of the abdominal wall during gynecological operations, festering of the operating wound, stitching of the bladder and vaginal walls, intensive bleeding during surgery with clips on the vessels, the bladder wall and tumor decay.



On the causes of urinary system injuries in obstetrics and gynecology practice
Abstract
One of the most complicated problems of modern urogynecology is the damage of the urinary system organs. The high prevalence of instrumental interventions, the expansion of indications for operative delivery on the one hand, and the increased volume and number of radical operations performed by gynecologists are objective prerequisites for the occurrence of urinary system injuries.



Experience in the treatment of posttraumatic strictures of the lower ureters
Abstract
The literature data indicate that the main causes of lower ureteral injuries are traumatic surgical interventions on the pelvic organs, in women more often on the genitals.
The aim of the present report is to analyze the treatment results of postoperative ureteric injuries.









Ways to reduce the risk of bladder traumatization during obstetrical and gynecological surgeries
Abstract
In modern conditions, the operation of caesarean section in the lower segment has become one of the leading methods of operative delivery, and the frequency of its use, according to some authors, reaches 12-15%. The procedure is performed both in term pregnancies and to terminate pregnancy in the second trimester (small caesarean section). One of the complications of the postoperative period is uterine suture separation, requiring relaparotomy and uterine extirpation.






Pharmacoeconomic effectiveness of eubiotics in the complex treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common form of dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microecology during pregnancy. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis requires awareness of the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease and strict individualization in the choice of methods and means.



Diagnosis of inflammatory kidney diseases
Abstract
In order to study the capabilities of modern research methods in the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of the kidneys, we presented our experience in diagnosing the stages and forms of pyelonephritis using ultrasound, CT, thermal imaging in 106 patients with suspected purulent process in the kidney.









Possibilities of improving probiotics from lactobacilli for the prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urogenital organs
Abstract
Today one can already consider as an axiom the very essential role of the lactoflora of the vagina, first described more than a hundred years ago by A. Dunderlein and V.V. Stroganov. Stroganov, in the protection of the female body from all kinds of infections. Probiotics (eubiotics) from lactobacilli are also well known. However, a very significant increase in the incidence of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary organs observed these days makes us look for ways to further improve the quality of the relevant drugs.



Role of mycoplasma infection in infertility in marriage
Abstract
The literature identifies mycoplasma as the main infectious agent in the association of microorganisms that lead to infertility in men and women. To clarify the role of ureaplasma in infertility, we examined 53 infertile couples. In women, in addition to the general clinical examination we used radiological examination, colposcopy, and in men we examined native sperm.






Current diagnostic methods for urethritis in non-pregnant women
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the diagnostic features of urethritis in non-pregnant women.
There were 47 non-pregnant women aged from 18 to 41 years with clinical manifestations of urethritis under observation. The duration of the disease ranged from 6 months to 12 years. We performed clinical examination, laboratory examination (general urinalysis, Nechiporenko test, microbiological examination of I and P portions of urine and urethral discharge), urethrocystoscopy, uroflowmetry, ultrasound scanning of kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra.






The role of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system in the development of infertility
Abstract
Infectious-inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system are one of the frequent causes of female infertility. The data of many authors testify to the close connection between the frequency of infertility and the number of pelvic inflammatory processes suffered in the past. According to J. Keith (1988), L. Westrem (1988), in one relapse of acute inflammatory process, the reproductive function remains intact in 97% of the patients, and in recurrent cases the frequency of infertility progressively increases and reaches 75%. In this regard, we studied the role of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system in the development of infertility in 122 women admitted to the obstetric unit of the SamMI clinic who had been infertile before the present pregnancy.



Clinical and epidemiological characteristics and treatment of women with urethral syndrome caused by urogenital chlamydia and its associations
Abstract
A characteristic feature of chronic urogenital pathology of chlamydial etiology is predominantly asymptomatic and asymptomatic course. The dysuric syndrome often occurs in women with unchanged clinical urinalysis and absence of bacterial flora in cultures.



Methods of treatment of functional disorders of urination after induced termination of pregnancy in the second trimester and complicated deliveries
Abstract
Cervical scarring is a frequent consequence of pregnancy termination in the second trimester; the combination of cervical scarring and vaginal wall prolapse is a consequence of complicated childbirth. This kind of trauma is often accompanied by dysuric disorders (frequent urination, partial urinary incontinence). The problem of treatment tactics of the detected pathology is topical.



Dynamics of immunological parameters during exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women
Abstract
Chronic pyelonephritis is one of the most frequent infectious-inflammatory complications of pregnancy, leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes and fetal pathology.
The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the immune status parameters of pregnant women during the development of an exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis.






Peculiarities of mother-newborn biocenosis in maternal pyelonephritis
Abstract
The period of adaptation to extrauterine existence is characterized by many parameters, among them the problem of primary microbial colonization is almost the most important. The most important factors in the formation of normal microflora in the newborn are the microbiological landscape of the maternal birth canal, natural feeding and hospital strains.



Chronic pyelonephritis in pregnant women as a cause of intrauterine infection
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between the presence of chronic kidney disease in a pregnant woman and intrauterine infection. Pyelonephritis is the most frequent and dangerous complication of pregnancy, and, according to the literature, there is a tendency for it to increase (3.6-fold from 1985 to 1995). According to PIHMR of the Republic of Moldova, pyelonephritis as a complication of pregnancy accounted for 9.6% in 1996 and 17.0% in 1999. In 43% of cases, chronic pyelonephritis was a risk factor for infection, causing an increase in intrauterine infections.



Role of urogenital infection in early termination of pregnancy
Abstract
Despite the fact that pregnancy failure does not tend to decrease, it is one of the main types of obstetric pathology, occupying a significant place among the causes of adverse outcomes for the mother and fetus.
Our study was aimed at identifying the effect of urogenital infection in early termination of pregnancy. The study was based on the examination of 111 women with threatening termination of pregnancy of unclear etiology.









Diagnosis of maternal-fetal infection in pregnant women
Abstract
The aim of the study was to improve the diagnosis of maternal-fetal infection in pregnant women. to achieve this goal, an in-depth clinical and laboratory examination was performed in 150 women with a complicated pregnancy course.
The function of the feto-placental complex was evaluated by ultrasound examination, cardiotocography (determination of the fetal biophysical profile), and the blood levels of placental lactogen, estrogen, and progesterone. To detect maternal-fetal infection we used microscopic method, serological method, enzyme immunoassay, direct immunofluorescence method.



The value of comprehensive examination of adolescent girls with medical abortions in the second trimester for the diagnosis of chronic latent pyelonephritis
Abstract
Currently, the problem of teenage pregnancy remains a topical issue worldwide. Teenage pregnancies occur outside of wedlock, are unwanted and usually end in a medical abortion. More often medical abortion in adolescents is performed in the second trimester, which is associated with late attendance to a doctor. Artificial termination of pregnancy in the second trimester entails significantly more complications than in the first trimester. The risk of complications of medical abortion increases in the presence of chronic somatic and gynecological diseases of inflammatory genesis.



Evaluation of lipid and nitrogen metabolism parameters and antioxidant system in pregnant women with gestosis and chronic pyelonephritis
Abstract
For many years, the problem of gestosis has been one of the most important issues in scientific and practical obstetrics.
It is known that 25% of gestosis cases occur against the background of chronic pyelonephritis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the parameters of lipid and nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant system in women with OPH-gestosis, the leading development factor of which was this pathology. To achieve the goal we used, in addition to traditional methods of research, methods to assess lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant system (AOS) and nitrogenous metabolism parameters.



Experience of drug treatment of patients with neurogenic urinary disorders
Abstract
Neurogenic urinary disorders are characterized by polymorphism of clinical manifestations. The type of urodynamic disorders depends on the degree of damage to the sympathetic, parasympathetic or somatic components of the urinary reflex arc.



Experience with alfuzosin in the treatment of women with symptoms of functional obstruction of the lower urinary tract
Abstract
Aim. Obstructive urination is a common form of lower urinary tract urodynamic disorders in women. It can be caused by both organic (urethral stenosis) and functional causes. In the latter case, the causes of obstructive urination are most often various types of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergy, detrusor and urethral instability. The studies carried out in our clinic have shown that the disturbances of organ circulation and hypoxia leading to disturbed adaptive properties of detrusor play the leading role in the pathogenesis of urinary disorders of functionally obstructive character. Therefore, we used alpha-adrenoblocker alfuzosin to treat women with symptoms of functional obstruction of the lower urinary tract.



Rational pathogenetic therapy of patients with urethral syndrome
Abstract
Aim: The degree of vagotonin and detrusor tone in patients with urethral syndrome against the background of increased sensitivity to any fraction of estrogen or progesterone was evaluated on the basis of intradermal hormonal tests. It is well known that endocrine function and autonomic nervous system are interconnected. The reciprocal stimulation is noted between estrogens and parasympathetic nervous system, luteal hormones and sympathetic nervous system.


